
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b): return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b) return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b) tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b)); end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 5 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b): return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b) return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b) tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b)); end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (/ (* 0.5 PI) (+ a b)) (* a b)))
double code(double a, double b) {
return ((0.5 * ((double) M_PI)) / (a + b)) / (a * b);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
return ((0.5 * Math.PI) / (a + b)) / (a * b);
}
def code(a, b): return ((0.5 * math.pi) / (a + b)) / (a * b)
function code(a, b) return Float64(Float64(Float64(0.5 * pi) / Float64(a + b)) / Float64(a * b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b) tmp = ((0.5 * pi) / (a + b)) / (a * b); end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(0.5 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b}}{a \cdot b}
\end{array}
Initial program 80.7%
un-div-inv80.7%
difference-of-squares88.1%
associate-/r*88.8%
div-inv88.8%
metadata-eval88.8%
Applied egg-rr88.8%
associate-*l/99.3%
associate-/l*99.2%
Applied egg-rr99.2%
associate-/l*99.3%
+-commutative99.3%
sub-neg99.3%
distribute-neg-frac99.3%
metadata-eval99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.6%
un-div-inv99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
clear-num99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
associate-*r/99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
associate-/r/99.6%
associate-*l/99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
distribute-lft-neg-in99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
remove-double-neg99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (if (<= b 4.5e+78) (* PI (/ 0.5 (* a (* b (+ a b))))) (* (* 0.5 (/ PI b)) (/ (/ 1.0 a) b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 4.5e+78) {
tmp = ((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b))));
} else {
tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / b)) * ((1.0 / a) / b);
}
return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 4.5e+78) {
tmp = Math.PI * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b))));
} else {
tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / b)) * ((1.0 / a) / b);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b): tmp = 0 if b <= 4.5e+78: tmp = math.pi * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b)))) else: tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / b)) * ((1.0 / a) / b) return tmp
function code(a, b) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 4.5e+78) tmp = Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / Float64(a * Float64(b * Float64(a + b))))); else tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / b)) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) / b)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b) tmp = 0.0; if (b <= 4.5e+78) tmp = pi * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b)))); else tmp = (0.5 * (pi / b)) * ((1.0 / a) / b); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 4.5e+78], N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / N[(a * N[(b * N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{+78}:\\
\;\;\;\;\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a}}{b}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 4.4999999999999999e78Initial program 83.8%
un-div-inv83.9%
difference-of-squares89.7%
associate-/r*90.6%
div-inv90.6%
metadata-eval90.6%
Applied egg-rr90.6%
associate-*l/99.7%
associate-/l*99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
sub-neg99.6%
distribute-neg-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.5%
un-div-inv99.6%
associate-*r/99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
clear-num98.9%
+-commutative98.9%
associate-*r/98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
associate-/r/99.5%
associate-*l/99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
distribute-lft-neg-in99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
remove-double-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
associate-*l*94.5%
Simplified94.5%
if 4.4999999999999999e78 < b Initial program 67.8%
un-div-inv67.9%
difference-of-squares81.6%
associate-/r*81.6%
div-inv81.6%
metadata-eval81.6%
Applied egg-rr81.6%
associate-*l/97.8%
associate-/l*97.7%
Applied egg-rr97.7%
associate-/l*97.8%
+-commutative97.8%
sub-neg97.8%
distribute-neg-frac97.8%
metadata-eval97.8%
Simplified97.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.7%
associate-/r*97.8%
Simplified97.8%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 97.9%
Final simplification95.2%
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (if (<= b 2.9e+77) (* PI (/ 0.5 (* a (* b (+ a b))))) (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI (* a b))) (- b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 2.9e+77) {
tmp = ((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b))));
} else {
tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (a * b))) / (b - a);
}
return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 2.9e+77) {
tmp = Math.PI * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b))));
} else {
tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / (a * b))) / (b - a);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b): tmp = 0 if b <= 2.9e+77: tmp = math.pi * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b)))) else: tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / (a * b))) / (b - a) return tmp
function code(a, b) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 2.9e+77) tmp = Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / Float64(a * Float64(b * Float64(a + b))))); else tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(a * b))) / Float64(b - a)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b) tmp = 0.0; if (b <= 2.9e+77) tmp = pi * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b)))); else tmp = (0.5 * (pi / (a * b))) / (b - a); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 2.9e+77], N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / N[(a * N[(b * N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.9 \cdot 10^{+77}:\\
\;\;\;\;\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 2.9000000000000002e77Initial program 83.8%
un-div-inv83.9%
difference-of-squares89.7%
associate-/r*90.6%
div-inv90.6%
metadata-eval90.6%
Applied egg-rr90.6%
associate-*l/99.7%
associate-/l*99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
associate-/l*99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
sub-neg99.6%
distribute-neg-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.5%
un-div-inv99.6%
associate-*r/99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
clear-num98.9%
+-commutative98.9%
associate-*r/98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
associate-/r/99.5%
associate-*l/99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
distribute-lft-neg-in99.6%
neg-mul-199.6%
remove-double-neg99.6%
associate-/l*99.7%
associate-/r*99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
associate-*l*94.5%
Simplified94.5%
if 2.9000000000000002e77 < b Initial program 67.8%
un-div-inv67.9%
difference-of-squares81.6%
associate-/r*81.6%
div-inv81.6%
metadata-eval81.6%
Applied egg-rr81.6%
associate-*l/97.8%
associate-/l*97.7%
Applied egg-rr97.7%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 99.8%
Final simplification95.5%
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* PI (/ 0.5 (* a (* b (+ a b))))))
double code(double a, double b) {
return ((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b))));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
return Math.PI * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b))));
}
def code(a, b): return math.pi * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b))))
function code(a, b) return Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / Float64(a * Float64(b * Float64(a + b))))) end
function tmp = code(a, b) tmp = pi * (0.5 / (a * (b * (a + b)))); end
code[a_, b_] := N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / N[(a * N[(b * N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{a \cdot \left(b \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 80.7%
un-div-inv80.7%
difference-of-squares88.1%
associate-/r*88.8%
div-inv88.8%
metadata-eval88.8%
Applied egg-rr88.8%
associate-*l/99.3%
associate-/l*99.2%
Applied egg-rr99.2%
associate-/l*99.3%
+-commutative99.3%
sub-neg99.3%
distribute-neg-frac99.3%
metadata-eval99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.6%
un-div-inv99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
clear-num99.1%
+-commutative99.1%
associate-*r/99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
associate-/r/99.6%
associate-*l/99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
distribute-lft-neg-in99.7%
neg-mul-199.7%
remove-double-neg99.7%
associate-/l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.1%
*-commutative99.1%
associate-*l*91.9%
Simplified91.9%
Final simplification91.9%
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* 0.5 PI) (* (+ a b) (* a b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
return (0.5 * ((double) M_PI)) / ((a + b) * (a * b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
return (0.5 * Math.PI) / ((a + b) * (a * b));
}
def code(a, b): return (0.5 * math.pi) / ((a + b) * (a * b))
function code(a, b) return Float64(Float64(0.5 * pi) / Float64(Float64(a + b) * Float64(a * b))) end
function tmp = code(a, b) tmp = (0.5 * pi) / ((a + b) * (a * b)); end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 80.7%
un-div-inv80.7%
difference-of-squares88.1%
associate-/r*88.8%
div-inv88.8%
metadata-eval88.8%
Applied egg-rr88.8%
associate-*l/99.3%
associate-/l*99.2%
Applied egg-rr99.2%
associate-/l*99.3%
+-commutative99.3%
sub-neg99.3%
distribute-neg-frac99.3%
metadata-eval99.3%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*r/99.6%
+-commutative99.6%
frac-times99.2%
*-un-lft-identity99.2%
+-commutative99.2%
Applied egg-rr99.2%
Final simplification99.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024059
(FPCore (a b)
:name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
:precision binary64
(* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))