math.sin on complex, imaginary part

Percentage Accurate: 54.5% → 99.7%

Time: 11.3s

Alternatives: 11

Speedup: 2.8×

• 49.9% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (re im)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im)) (exp im))))

C

double code(double re, double im) {
	return (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(re, im)
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im
    code = (0.5d0 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0d0 - im)) - exp(im))
end function

Java

public static double code(double re, double im) {
	return (0.5 * Math.cos(re)) * (Math.exp((0.0 - im)) - Math.exp(im));
}

Python

def code(re, im):
	return (0.5 * math.cos(re)) * (math.exp((0.0 - im)) - math.exp(im))

Julia

function code(re, im)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im)) - exp(im)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(re, im)
	tmp = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
end

Wolfram

code[re_, im_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 54.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (re im)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im)) (exp im))))

C

double code(double re, double im) {
	return (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(re, im)
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im
    code = (0.5d0 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0d0 - im)) - exp(im))
end function

Java

public static double code(double re, double im) {
	return (0.5 * Math.cos(re)) * (Math.exp((0.0 - im)) - Math.exp(im));
}

Python

def code(re, im):
	return (0.5 * math.cos(re)) * (math.exp((0.0 - im)) - math.exp(im))

Julia

function code(re, im)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im)) - exp(im)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(re, im)
	tmp = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
end

Wolfram

code[re_, im_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 0.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := e^{-im\_m} - e^{im\_m}\\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq -2:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(t\_0 \cdot \cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im\_m}^{2} - 2\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- (exp (- im_m)) (exp im_m))))
   (*
    im_s
    (if (<= t_0 -2.0)
      (* 0.5 (* t_0 (cos re)))
      (*
       0.5
       (*
        (cos re)
        (* im_m (- (* -0.3333333333333333 (pow im_m 2.0)) 2.0))))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double t_0 = exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m);
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= -2.0) {
		tmp = 0.5 * (t_0 * cos(re));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (cos(re) * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0)));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0d0, im)
real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m)
    if (t_0 <= (-2.0d0)) then
        tmp = 0.5d0 * (t_0 * cos(re))
    else
        tmp = 0.5d0 * (cos(re) * (im_m * (((-0.3333333333333333d0) * (im_m ** 2.0d0)) - 2.0d0)))
    end if
    code = im_s * tmp
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double t_0 = Math.exp(-im_m) - Math.exp(im_m);
	double tmp;
	if (t_0 <= -2.0) {
		tmp = 0.5 * (t_0 * Math.cos(re));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (Math.cos(re) * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * Math.pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0)));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	t_0 = math.exp(-im_m) - math.exp(im_m)
	tmp = 0
	if t_0 <= -2.0:
		tmp = 0.5 * (t_0 * math.cos(re))
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 * (math.cos(re) * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * math.pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0)))
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	t_0 = Float64(exp(Float64(-im_m)) - exp(im_m))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_0 <= -2.0)
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(t_0 * cos(re)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(cos(re) * Float64(im_m * Float64(Float64(-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 2.0)) - 2.0))));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	t_0 = exp(-im_m) - exp(im_m);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t_0 <= -2.0)
		tmp = 0.5 * (t_0 * cos(re));
	else
		tmp = 0.5 * (cos(re) * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 2.0)) - 2.0)));
	end
	tmp_2 = im_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Exp[(-im$95$m)], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im$95$m], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[t$95$0, -2.0], N[(0.5 * N[(t$95$0 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * N[(N[(-0.3333333333333333 * N[Power[im$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im)) < -2

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   if -2 < (-.f64 (exp.f64 (-.f64 #s(literal 0 binary64) im)) (exp.f64 im))

   1. Initial program 38.3%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 38.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 38.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 38.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 38.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 38.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 38.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 38.3%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 38.3%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 38.3%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 38.3%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 38.3%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 38.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 86.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 89.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;e^{-im} - e^{im} \leq -2:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot \left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(im\_m \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (* im_s (log1p (expm1 (* im_m (- (cos re)))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * log1p(expm1((im_m * -cos(re))));
}

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * Math.log1p(Math.expm1((im_m * -Math.cos(re))));
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	return im_s * math.log1p(math.expm1((im_m * -math.cos(re))))

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	return Float64(im_s * log1p(expm1(Float64(im_m * Float64(-cos(re))))))
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * N[Log[1 + N[(Exp[N[(im$95$m * (-N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision]] - 1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 53.2%

   \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. /-rgt-identity 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. exp-0 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   3. associate-*l/ 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

   4. cos-neg 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

   5. associate-*l* 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

   6. associate-*r/ 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

   7. exp-0 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

   8. /-rgt-identity 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

   9. *-commutative 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

   10. neg-sub0 53.2%

       \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

   11. cos-neg 53.2%

       \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

3. Simplified 53.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 53.5%

   \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log1p-expm1-u 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(-2 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-*r* 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

   3. *-commutative 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   4. associate-*r* 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot -2\right) \cdot im\right)}\right)\right) \]

   5. metadata-eval 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} \cdot im\right)\right)\right) \]

7. Applied egg-rr 98.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)} \]

8. Taylor expanded in re around inf 51.6%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} - 1}\right) \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

   1. expm1-define 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)\right)}\right) \]

   2. associate-*r* 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

   3. mul-1-neg 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right)\right) \]

10. Simplified 98.2%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(-im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)}\right) \]

11. Final simplification 98.2%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(im \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\right)\right) \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 94.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 480:\\ \;\;\;\;im\_m \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;im\_m \leq 5.6 \cdot 10^{+102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\_m\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im\_m}^{3}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= im_m 480.0)
    (* im_m (- (cos re)))
    (if (<= im_m 5.6e+102)
      (log1p (expm1 (- im_m)))
      (* 0.5 (* (cos re) (* -0.3333333333333333 (pow im_m 3.0))))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 480.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -cos(re);
	} else if (im_m <= 5.6e+102) {
		tmp = log1p(expm1(-im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (cos(re) * (-0.3333333333333333 * pow(im_m, 3.0)));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 480.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -Math.cos(re);
	} else if (im_m <= 5.6e+102) {
		tmp = Math.log1p(Math.expm1(-im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (Math.cos(re) * (-0.3333333333333333 * Math.pow(im_m, 3.0)));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if im_m <= 480.0:
		tmp = im_m * -math.cos(re)
	elif im_m <= 5.6e+102:
		tmp = math.log1p(math.expm1(-im_m))
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 * (math.cos(re) * (-0.3333333333333333 * math.pow(im_m, 3.0)))
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 480.0)
		tmp = Float64(im_m * Float64(-cos(re)));
	elseif (im_m <= 5.6e+102)
		tmp = log1p(expm1(Float64(-im_m)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(cos(re) * Float64(-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 3.0))));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 480.0], N[(im$95$m * (-N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 5.6e+102], N[Log[1 + N[(Exp[(-im$95$m)] - 1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.3333333333333333 * N[Power[im$95$m, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if im < 480

   1. Initial program 38.9%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 38.9%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 38.9%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 38.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 68.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in im around 0 67.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 67.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re} \]

      2. *-commutative 67.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)} \]

      3. mul-1-neg 67.7%

         \[\leadsto \cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

   8. Simplified 67.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-im\right)} \]

   if 480 < im < 5.60000000000000037e102

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 3.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-expm1-u 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(-2 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

      3. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot -2\right) \cdot im\right)}\right)\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} \cdot im\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in re around 0 66.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot im} - 1}\right) \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. expm1-define 66.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-1 \cdot im\right)}\right) \]

      2. mul-1-neg 66.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{-im}\right)\right) \]

   10. Simplified 66.7%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\right)}\right) \]

   if 5.60000000000000037e102 < im

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in im around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{3}\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 73.3%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im \leq 480:\\ \;\;\;\;im \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;im \leq 5.6 \cdot 10^{+102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{3}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 95.2% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 560:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im\_m}^{2} - 2\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;im\_m \leq 5.6 \cdot 10^{+102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\_m\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im\_m}^{3}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= im_m 560.0)
    (*
     0.5
     (* (cos re) (* im_m (- (* -0.3333333333333333 (pow im_m 2.0)) 2.0))))
    (if (<= im_m 5.6e+102)
      (log1p (expm1 (- im_m)))
      (* 0.5 (* (cos re) (* -0.3333333333333333 (pow im_m 3.0))))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 560.0) {
		tmp = 0.5 * (cos(re) * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0)));
	} else if (im_m <= 5.6e+102) {
		tmp = log1p(expm1(-im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (cos(re) * (-0.3333333333333333 * pow(im_m, 3.0)));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 560.0) {
		tmp = 0.5 * (Math.cos(re) * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * Math.pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0)));
	} else if (im_m <= 5.6e+102) {
		tmp = Math.log1p(Math.expm1(-im_m));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (Math.cos(re) * (-0.3333333333333333 * Math.pow(im_m, 3.0)));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if im_m <= 560.0:
		tmp = 0.5 * (math.cos(re) * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * math.pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0)))
	elif im_m <= 5.6e+102:
		tmp = math.log1p(math.expm1(-im_m))
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 * (math.cos(re) * (-0.3333333333333333 * math.pow(im_m, 3.0)))
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 560.0)
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(cos(re) * Float64(im_m * Float64(Float64(-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 2.0)) - 2.0))));
	elseif (im_m <= 5.6e+102)
		tmp = log1p(expm1(Float64(-im_m)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(cos(re) * Float64(-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 3.0))));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 560.0], N[(0.5 * N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * N[(N[(-0.3333333333333333 * N[Power[im$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 5.6e+102], N[Log[1 + N[(Exp[(-im$95$m)] - 1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.3333333333333333 * N[Power[im$95$m, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if im < 560

   1. Initial program 38.9%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 38.9%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 38.9%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 38.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 85.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   if 560 < im < 5.60000000000000037e102

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 3.5%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-expm1-u 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(-2 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

      3. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot -2\right) \cdot im\right)}\right)\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} \cdot im\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in re around 0 66.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot im} - 1}\right) \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. expm1-define 66.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-1 \cdot im\right)}\right) \]

      2. mul-1-neg 66.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{-im}\right)\right) \]

   10. Simplified 66.7%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\right)}\right) \]

   if 5.60000000000000037e102 < im

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in im around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{3}\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 87.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im \leq 560:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot \left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;im \leq 5.6 \cdot 10^{+102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(\cos re \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{3}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 86.2% accurate, 1.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 480:\\ \;\;\;\;im\_m \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\_m\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (* im_s (if (<= im_m 480.0) (* im_m (- (cos re))) (log1p (expm1 (- im_m))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 480.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -cos(re);
	} else {
		tmp = log1p(expm1(-im_m));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 480.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -Math.cos(re);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log1p(Math.expm1(-im_m));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if im_m <= 480.0:
		tmp = im_m * -math.cos(re)
	else:
		tmp = math.log1p(math.expm1(-im_m))
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 480.0)
		tmp = Float64(im_m * Float64(-cos(re)));
	else
		tmp = log1p(expm1(Float64(-im_m)));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 480.0], N[(im$95$m * (-N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[1 + N[(Exp[(-im$95$m)] - 1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if im < 480

   1. Initial program 38.9%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 38.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 38.9%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 38.9%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 38.9%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 38.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 68.1%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in im around 0 67.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 67.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re} \]

      2. *-commutative 67.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)} \]

      3. mul-1-neg 67.7%

         \[\leadsto \cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

   8. Simplified 67.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-im\right)} \]

   if 480 < im

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 5.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-expm1-u 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(-2 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

      3. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot -2\right) \cdot im\right)}\right)\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} \cdot im\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in re around 0 71.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{e^{-1 \cdot im} - 1}\right) \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. expm1-define 71.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-1 \cdot im\right)}\right) \]

      2. mul-1-neg 71.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{-im}\right)\right) \]

   10. Simplified 71.7%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\right)}\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 68.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im \leq 480:\\ \;\;\;\;im \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(-im\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 76.4% accurate, 2.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 9800000:\\ \;\;\;\;im\_m \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;im\_m \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{+110}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot 0.5\right) - im\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im\_m}^{2} - 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= im_m 9800000.0)
    (* im_m (- (cos re)))
    (if (<= im_m 2.35e+110)
      (- (* (* re re) (* im_m 0.5)) im_m)
      (* 0.5 (* im_m (- (* -0.3333333333333333 (pow im_m 2.0)) 2.0)))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -cos(re);
	} else if (im_m <= 2.35e+110) {
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0d0, im)
real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (im_m <= 9800000.0d0) then
        tmp = im_m * -cos(re)
    else if (im_m <= 2.35d+110) then
        tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5d0)) - im_m
    else
        tmp = 0.5d0 * (im_m * (((-0.3333333333333333d0) * (im_m ** 2.0d0)) - 2.0d0))
    end if
    code = im_s * tmp
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -Math.cos(re);
	} else if (im_m <= 2.35e+110) {
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * Math.pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if im_m <= 9800000.0:
		tmp = im_m * -math.cos(re)
	elif im_m <= 2.35e+110:
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * math.pow(im_m, 2.0)) - 2.0))
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0)
		tmp = Float64(im_m * Float64(-cos(re)));
	elseif (im_m <= 2.35e+110)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(re * re) * Float64(im_m * 0.5)) - im_m);
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(im_m * Float64(Float64(-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 2.0)) - 2.0)));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0)
		tmp = im_m * -cos(re);
	elseif (im_m <= 2.35e+110)
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	else
		tmp = 0.5 * (im_m * ((-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 2.0)) - 2.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = im_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 9800000.0], N[(im$95$m * (-N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 2.35e+110], N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(im$95$m * N[(N[(-0.3333333333333333 * N[Power[im$95$m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if im < 9.8e6

   1. Initial program 39.2%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 39.2%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 39.2%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 39.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 67.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in im around 0 67.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re} \]

      2. *-commutative 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)} \]

      3. mul-1-neg 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

   8. Simplified 67.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-im\right)} \]

   if 9.8e6 < im < 2.3499999999999999e110

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 3.6%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-expm1-u 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(-2 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

      3. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot -2\right) \cdot im\right)}\right)\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} \cdot im\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in re around 0 23.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot im + 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + -1 \cdot im} \]

      2. mul-1-neg 23.5%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

      3. unsub-neg 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) - im} \]

      4. *-commutative 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot 0.5} - im \]

      5. *-commutative 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right)} \cdot 0.5 - im \]

      6. associate-*r* 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{re}^{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right)} - im \]

   10. Simplified 23.5%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{re}^{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im} \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 23.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(re \cdot re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im \]

   12. Applied egg-rr 23.5%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(re \cdot re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im \]

   if 2.3499999999999999e110 < im

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in re around 0 75.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 66.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im \leq 9800000:\\ \;\;\;\;im \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;im \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{+110}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 76.4% accurate, 2.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 9800000:\\ \;\;\;\;im\_m \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;im\_m \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{+110}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot 0.5\right) - im\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im\_m}^{3}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= im_m 9800000.0)
    (* im_m (- (cos re)))
    (if (<= im_m 2.35e+110)
      (- (* (* re re) (* im_m 0.5)) im_m)
      (* 0.5 (* -0.3333333333333333 (pow im_m 3.0)))))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -cos(re);
	} else if (im_m <= 2.35e+110) {
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (-0.3333333333333333 * pow(im_m, 3.0));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0d0, im)
real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (im_m <= 9800000.0d0) then
        tmp = im_m * -cos(re)
    else if (im_m <= 2.35d+110) then
        tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5d0)) - im_m
    else
        tmp = 0.5d0 * ((-0.3333333333333333d0) * (im_m ** 3.0d0))
    end if
    code = im_s * tmp
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -Math.cos(re);
	} else if (im_m <= 2.35e+110) {
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (-0.3333333333333333 * Math.pow(im_m, 3.0));
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if im_m <= 9800000.0:
		tmp = im_m * -math.cos(re)
	elif im_m <= 2.35e+110:
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 * (-0.3333333333333333 * math.pow(im_m, 3.0))
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0)
		tmp = Float64(im_m * Float64(-cos(re)));
	elseif (im_m <= 2.35e+110)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(re * re) * Float64(im_m * 0.5)) - im_m);
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 3.0)));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0)
		tmp = im_m * -cos(re);
	elseif (im_m <= 2.35e+110)
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	else
		tmp = 0.5 * (-0.3333333333333333 * (im_m ^ 3.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = im_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 9800000.0], N[(im$95$m * (-N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 2.35e+110], N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(-0.3333333333333333 * N[Power[im$95$m, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if im < 9.8e6

   1. Initial program 39.2%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 39.2%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 39.2%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 39.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 67.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in im around 0 67.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re} \]

      2. *-commutative 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)} \]

      3. mul-1-neg 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

   8. Simplified 67.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-im\right)} \]

   if 9.8e6 < im < 2.3499999999999999e110

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 3.6%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-expm1-u 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(-2 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

      3. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot -2\right) \cdot im\right)}\right)\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} \cdot im\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in re around 0 23.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot im + 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + -1 \cdot im} \]

      2. mul-1-neg 23.5%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

      3. unsub-neg 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) - im} \]

      4. *-commutative 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot 0.5} - im \]

      5. *-commutative 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right)} \cdot 0.5 - im \]

      6. associate-*r* 23.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{re}^{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right)} - im \]

   10. Simplified 23.5%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{re}^{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im} \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 23.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(re \cdot re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im \]

   12. Applied egg-rr 23.5%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(re \cdot re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im \]

   if 2.3499999999999999e110 < im

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in re around 0 75.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{2} - 2\right)\right)} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in im around inf 75.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{3}\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 66.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im \leq 9800000:\\ \;\;\;\;im \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;im \leq 2.35 \cdot 10^{+110}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot {im}^{3}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 39.0% accurate, 2.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\cos re \leq -0.04:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot 0.5\right) - im\_m\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot -2\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= (cos re) -0.04)
    (- (* (* re re) (* im_m 0.5)) im_m)
    (* 0.5 (* im_m -2.0)))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (cos(re) <= -0.04) {
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (im_m * -2.0);
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0d0, im)
real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (cos(re) <= (-0.04d0)) then
        tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5d0)) - im_m
    else
        tmp = 0.5d0 * (im_m * (-2.0d0))
    end if
    code = im_s * tmp
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.cos(re) <= -0.04) {
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (im_m * -2.0);
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if math.cos(re) <= -0.04:
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 * (im_m * -2.0)
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (cos(re) <= -0.04)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(re * re) * Float64(im_m * 0.5)) - im_m);
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(im_m * -2.0));
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (cos(re) <= -0.04)
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	else
		tmp = 0.5 * (im_m * -2.0);
	end
	tmp_2 = im_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision], -0.04], N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(im$95$m * -2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if (cos.f64 re) < -0.0400000000000000008

   1. Initial program 52.8%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 52.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 52.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 52.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 52.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 52.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 52.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 52.8%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 52.8%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 52.8%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 52.8%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 52.8%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 52.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 53.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-expm1-u 97.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(-2 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* 97.5%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

      3. *-commutative 97.5%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* 97.5%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot -2\right) \cdot im\right)}\right)\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 97.5%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} \cdot im\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 97.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in re around 0 40.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot im + 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 40.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + -1 \cdot im} \]

      2. mul-1-neg 40.4%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

      3. unsub-neg 40.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) - im} \]

      4. *-commutative 40.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot 0.5} - im \]

      5. *-commutative 40.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right)} \cdot 0.5 - im \]

      6. associate-*r* 40.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{re}^{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right)} - im \]

   10. Simplified 40.4%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{re}^{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im} \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 40.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(re \cdot re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im \]

   12. Applied egg-rr 40.4%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(re \cdot re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im \]

   if -0.0400000000000000008 < (cos.f64 re)

   1. Initial program 53.4%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 53.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 53.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 53.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 53.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 53.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 53.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 53.4%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 53.4%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 53.4%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 53.4%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 53.4%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 53.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 53.4%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in re around 0 43.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 43.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot -2\right)} \]

   8. Simplified 43.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot -2\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 42.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\cos re \leq -0.04:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot -2\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 60.5% accurate, 2.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im\_m \leq 9800000:\\ \;\;\;\;im\_m \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot 0.5\right) - im\_m\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  im_s
  (if (<= im_m 9800000.0)
    (* im_m (- (cos re)))
    (- (* (* re re) (* im_m 0.5)) im_m))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -cos(re);
	} else {
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Fortran

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0d0, im)
real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (im_m <= 9800000.0d0) then
        tmp = im_m * -cos(re)
    else
        tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5d0)) - im_m
    end if
    code = im_s * tmp
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	double tmp;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0) {
		tmp = im_m * -Math.cos(re);
	} else {
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	}
	return im_s * tmp;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	tmp = 0
	if im_m <= 9800000.0:
		tmp = im_m * -math.cos(re)
	else:
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m
	return im_s * tmp

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0)
		tmp = Float64(im_m * Float64(-cos(re)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(re * re) * Float64(im_m * 0.5)) - im_m);
	end
	return Float64(im_s * tmp)
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp_2 = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (im_m <= 9800000.0)
		tmp = im_m * -cos(re);
	else
		tmp = ((re * re) * (im_m * 0.5)) - im_m;
	end
	tmp_2 = im_s * tmp;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * If[LessEqual[im$95$m, 9800000.0], N[(im$95$m * (-N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] * N[(im$95$m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if im < 9.8e6

   1. Initial program 39.2%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 39.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 39.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 39.2%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 39.2%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 39.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 67.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in im around 0 67.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(im \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re} \]

      2. *-commutative 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)} \]

      3. mul-1-neg 67.3%

         \[\leadsto \cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

   8. Simplified 67.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(-im\right)} \]

   if 9.8e6 < im

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      2. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

      3. associate-*l/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      4. cos-neg 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

      6. associate-*r/ 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

      7. exp-0 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

      8. /-rgt-identity 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

      10. neg-sub0 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

      11. cos-neg 100.0%

          \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 5.8%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-expm1-u 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(\left(-2 \cdot im\right) \cdot \cos re\right)\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right) \cdot \cos re}\right)\right) \]

      3. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{\cos re \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(-2 \cdot im\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

      4. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.5 \cdot -2\right) \cdot im\right)}\right)\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-1} \cdot im\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\cos re \cdot \left(-1 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)} \]

   8. Taylor expanded in re around 0 24.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot im + 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right)} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 24.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + -1 \cdot im} \]

      2. mul-1-neg 24.2%

         \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-im\right)} \]

      3. unsub-neg 24.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) - im} \]

      4. *-commutative 24.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot {re}^{2}\right) \cdot 0.5} - im \]

      5. *-commutative 24.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({re}^{2} \cdot im\right)} \cdot 0.5 - im \]

      6. associate-*r* 24.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{re}^{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right)} - im \]

   10. Simplified 24.2%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{re}^{2} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im} \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 24.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(re \cdot re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im \]

   12. Applied egg-rr 24.2%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(re \cdot re\right)} \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 57.4%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;im \leq 9800000:\\ \;\;\;\;im \cdot \left(-\cos re\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(re \cdot re\right) \cdot \left(im \cdot 0.5\right) - im\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 29.3% accurate, 61.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \left(im\_m \cdot -2\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m) :precision binary64 (* im_s (* 0.5 (* im_m -2.0))))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * (0.5 * (im_m * -2.0));
}

Fortran

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0d0, im)
real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    code = im_s * (0.5d0 * (im_m * (-2.0d0)))
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * (0.5 * (im_m * -2.0));
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	return im_s * (0.5 * (im_m * -2.0))

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	return Float64(im_s * Float64(0.5 * Float64(im_m * -2.0)))
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = im_s * (0.5 * (im_m * -2.0));
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * N[(0.5 * N[(im$95$m * -2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 53.2%

   \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. /-rgt-identity 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. exp-0 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   3. associate-*l/ 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

   4. cos-neg 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

   5. associate-*l* 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

   6. associate-*r/ 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

   7. exp-0 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

   8. /-rgt-identity 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

   9. *-commutative 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

   10. neg-sub0 53.2%

       \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

   11. cos-neg 53.2%

       \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

3. Simplified 53.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 53.5%

   \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

6. Taylor expanded in re around 0 32.2%

   \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 32.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot -2\right)} \]

8. Simplified 32.2%

   \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(im \cdot -2\right)} \]

9. Final simplification 32.2%

   \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(im \cdot -2\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 29.2% accurate, 154.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} im\_m = \left|im\right| \\ im\_s = \mathsf{copysign}\left(1, im\right) \\ im\_s \cdot \left(-im\_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

im\_m = (fabs.f64 im)
im\_s = (copysign.f64 #s(literal 1 binary64) im)
(FPCore (im_s re im_m) :precision binary64 (* im_s (- im_m)))

C

im\_m = fabs(im);
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im);
double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * -im_m;
}

Fortran

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0d0, im)
real(8) function code(im_s, re, im_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_s
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    code = im_s * -im_m
end function

Java

im\_m = Math.abs(im);
im\_s = Math.copySign(1.0, im);
public static double code(double im_s, double re, double im_m) {
	return im_s * -im_m;
}

Python

im\_m = math.fabs(im)
im\_s = math.copysign(1.0, im)
def code(im_s, re, im_m):
	return im_s * -im_m

Julia

im\_m = abs(im)
im\_s = copysign(1.0, im)
function code(im_s, re, im_m)
	return Float64(im_s * Float64(-im_m))
end

MATLAB

im\_m = abs(im);
im\_s = sign(im) * abs(1.0);
function tmp = code(im_s, re, im_m)
	tmp = im_s * -im_m;
end

Wolfram

im\_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
im\_s = N[With[{TMP1 = Abs[1.0], TMP2 = Sign[im]}, TMP1 * If[TMP2 == 0, 1, TMP2]], $MachinePrecision]
code[im$95$s_, re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$s * (-im$95$m)), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 53.2%

   \[\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. /-rgt-identity 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{1}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   2. exp-0 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \cos re}{\color{blue}{e^{0}}} \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \]

   3. associate-*l/ 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

   4. cos-neg 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \left(-re\right)}\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}} \]

   5. associate-*l* 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)}}{e^{0}} \]

   6. associate-*r/ 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{e^{0}}} \]

   7. exp-0 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)}{\color{blue}{1}} \]

   8. /-rgt-identity 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\right)} \]

   9. *-commutative 53.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right)} \]

   10. neg-sub0 53.2%

       \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{\color{blue}{-im}} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos \left(-re\right)\right) \]

   11. cos-neg 53.2%

       \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\cos re}\right) \]

3. Simplified 53.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(\left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right) \cdot \cos re\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in im around 0 53.5%

   \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-2 \cdot im\right)} \cdot \cos re\right) \]

6. Taylor expanded in re around 0 31.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot im} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. mul-1-neg 31.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-im} \]

8. Simplified 31.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-im} \]

9. Final simplification 31.9%

   \[\leadsto -im \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.8% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left|im\right| < 1:\\ \;\;\;\;-\cos re \cdot \left(\left(im + \left(\left(0.16666666666666666 \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) + \left(\left(\left(\left(0.008333333333333333 \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.5 \cdot \cos re\right) \cdot \left(e^{0 - im} - e^{im}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (re im)
 :precision binary64
 (if (< (fabs im) 1.0)
   (-
    (*
     (cos re)
     (+
      (+ im (* (* (* 0.16666666666666666 im) im) im))
      (* (* (* (* (* 0.008333333333333333 im) im) im) im) im))))
   (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im)) (exp im)))))

C

double code(double re, double im) {
	double tmp;
	if (fabs(im) < 1.0) {
		tmp = -(cos(re) * ((im + (((0.16666666666666666 * im) * im) * im)) + (((((0.008333333333333333 * im) * im) * im) * im) * im)));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(re, im)
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (abs(im) < 1.0d0) then
        tmp = -(cos(re) * ((im + (((0.16666666666666666d0 * im) * im) * im)) + (((((0.008333333333333333d0 * im) * im) * im) * im) * im)))
    else
        tmp = (0.5d0 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0d0 - im)) - exp(im))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double re, double im) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.abs(im) < 1.0) {
		tmp = -(Math.cos(re) * ((im + (((0.16666666666666666 * im) * im) * im)) + (((((0.008333333333333333 * im) * im) * im) * im) * im)));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * Math.cos(re)) * (Math.exp((0.0 - im)) - Math.exp(im));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(re, im):
	tmp = 0
	if math.fabs(im) < 1.0:
		tmp = -(math.cos(re) * ((im + (((0.16666666666666666 * im) * im) * im)) + (((((0.008333333333333333 * im) * im) * im) * im) * im)))
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 * math.cos(re)) * (math.exp((0.0 - im)) - math.exp(im))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(re, im)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (abs(im) < 1.0)
		tmp = Float64(-Float64(cos(re) * Float64(Float64(im + Float64(Float64(Float64(0.16666666666666666 * im) * im) * im)) + Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(0.008333333333333333 * im) * im) * im) * im) * im))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * cos(re)) * Float64(exp(Float64(0.0 - im)) - exp(im)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(re, im)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (abs(im) < 1.0)
		tmp = -(cos(re) * ((im + (((0.16666666666666666 * im) * im) * im)) + (((((0.008333333333333333 * im) * im) * im) * im) * im)));
	else
		tmp = (0.5 * cos(re)) * (exp((0.0 - im)) - exp(im));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[re_, im_] := If[Less[N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision], 1.0], (-N[(N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(im + N[(N[(N[(0.16666666666666666 * im), $MachinePrecision] * im), $MachinePrecision] * im), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(0.008333333333333333 * im), $MachinePrecision] * im), $MachinePrecision] * im), $MachinePrecision] * im), $MachinePrecision] * im), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), N[(N[(0.5 * N[Cos[re], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Exp[N[(0.0 - im), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Exp[im], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024059 
(FPCore (re im)
  :name "math.sin on complex, imaginary part"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (if (< (fabs im) 1.0) (- (* (cos re) (+ (+ im (* (* (* 0.16666666666666666 im) im) im)) (* (* (* (* (* 0.008333333333333333 im) im) im) im) im)))) (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im)) (exp im))))

  (* (* 0.5 (cos re)) (- (exp (- 0.0 im)) (exp im))))