
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 5 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (- x y) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x - y) / (x + y)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x - y) / (x + y);
}
def code(x, y): return (x - y) / (x + y)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(x + y)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x - y) / (x + y); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x - y}{x + y}
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Final simplification100.0%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(if (or (<= x -5e+67)
(not
(or (<= x -1.05e-47) (and (not (<= x -9.6e-94)) (<= x 36000000.0)))))
(+ 1.0 (* -2.0 (/ y x)))
-1.0))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -5e+67) || !((x <= -1.05e-47) || (!(x <= -9.6e-94) && (x <= 36000000.0)))) {
tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x));
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((x <= (-5d+67)) .or. (.not. (x <= (-1.05d-47)) .or. (.not. (x <= (-9.6d-94))) .and. (x <= 36000000.0d0))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + ((-2.0d0) * (y / x))
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -5e+67) || !((x <= -1.05e-47) || (!(x <= -9.6e-94) && (x <= 36000000.0)))) {
tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x));
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (x <= -5e+67) or not ((x <= -1.05e-47) or (not (x <= -9.6e-94) and (x <= 36000000.0))): tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x)) else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((x <= -5e+67) || !((x <= -1.05e-47) || (!(x <= -9.6e-94) && (x <= 36000000.0)))) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(-2.0 * Float64(y / x))); else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((x <= -5e+67) || ~(((x <= -1.05e-47) || (~((x <= -9.6e-94)) && (x <= 36000000.0))))) tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x)); else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -5e+67], N[Not[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.05e-47], And[N[Not[LessEqual[x, -9.6e-94]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[x, 36000000.0]]]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(-2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+67} \lor \neg \left(x \leq -1.05 \cdot 10^{-47} \lor \neg \left(x \leq -9.6 \cdot 10^{-94}\right) \land x \leq 36000000\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + -2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -4.99999999999999976e67 or -1.05e-47 < x < -9.6e-94 or 3.6e7 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 81.5%
if -4.99999999999999976e67 < x < -1.05e-47 or -9.6e-94 < x < 3.6e7Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 80.2%
Final simplification80.9%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(if (or (<= x -3.6e+67)
(not
(or (<= x -3.45e-46)
(and (not (<= x -6.8e-114)) (<= x 36000000.0)))))
(+ 1.0 (* -2.0 (/ y x)))
(+ (* 2.0 (/ x y)) -1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -3.6e+67) || !((x <= -3.45e-46) || (!(x <= -6.8e-114) && (x <= 36000000.0)))) {
tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x));
} else {
tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((x <= (-3.6d+67)) .or. (.not. (x <= (-3.45d-46)) .or. (.not. (x <= (-6.8d-114))) .and. (x <= 36000000.0d0))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + ((-2.0d0) * (y / x))
else
tmp = (2.0d0 * (x / y)) + (-1.0d0)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((x <= -3.6e+67) || !((x <= -3.45e-46) || (!(x <= -6.8e-114) && (x <= 36000000.0)))) {
tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x));
} else {
tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (x <= -3.6e+67) or not ((x <= -3.45e-46) or (not (x <= -6.8e-114) and (x <= 36000000.0))): tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x)) else: tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((x <= -3.6e+67) || !((x <= -3.45e-46) || (!(x <= -6.8e-114) && (x <= 36000000.0)))) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(-2.0 * Float64(y / x))); else tmp = Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64(x / y)) + -1.0); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((x <= -3.6e+67) || ~(((x <= -3.45e-46) || (~((x <= -6.8e-114)) && (x <= 36000000.0))))) tmp = 1.0 + (-2.0 * (y / x)); else tmp = (2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -3.6e+67], N[Not[Or[LessEqual[x, -3.45e-46], And[N[Not[LessEqual[x, -6.8e-114]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[x, 36000000.0]]]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(-2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(2.0 * N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.6 \cdot 10^{+67} \lor \neg \left(x \leq -3.45 \cdot 10^{-46} \lor \neg \left(x \leq -6.8 \cdot 10^{-114}\right) \land x \leq 36000000\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + -2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;2 \cdot \frac{x}{y} + -1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -3.5999999999999999e67 or -3.4499999999999999e-46 < x < -6.79999999999999962e-114 or 3.6e7 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 81.0%
if -3.5999999999999999e67 < x < -3.4499999999999999e-46 or -6.79999999999999962e-114 < x < 3.6e7Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.1%
Final simplification81.1%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(if (<= x -6.5e+58)
1.0
(if (<= x -5e-47)
-1.0
(if (<= x -9.5e-94) 1.0 (if (<= x 34000000.0) -1.0 1.0)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -6.5e+58) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (x <= -5e-47) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (x <= -9.5e-94) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (x <= 34000000.0) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (x <= (-6.5d+58)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (x <= (-5d-47)) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else if (x <= (-9.5d-94)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (x <= 34000000.0d0) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else
tmp = 1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (x <= -6.5e+58) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (x <= -5e-47) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if (x <= -9.5e-94) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (x <= 34000000.0) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if x <= -6.5e+58: tmp = 1.0 elif x <= -5e-47: tmp = -1.0 elif x <= -9.5e-94: tmp = 1.0 elif x <= 34000000.0: tmp = -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (x <= -6.5e+58) tmp = 1.0; elseif (x <= -5e-47) tmp = -1.0; elseif (x <= -9.5e-94) tmp = 1.0; elseif (x <= 34000000.0) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = 1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (x <= -6.5e+58) tmp = 1.0; elseif (x <= -5e-47) tmp = -1.0; elseif (x <= -9.5e-94) tmp = 1.0; elseif (x <= 34000000.0) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = 1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -6.5e+58], 1.0, If[LessEqual[x, -5e-47], -1.0, If[LessEqual[x, -9.5e-94], 1.0, If[LessEqual[x, 34000000.0], -1.0, 1.0]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \leq -6.5 \cdot 10^{+58}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq -5 \cdot 10^{-47}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq -9.5 \cdot 10^{-94}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;x \leq 34000000:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if x < -6.49999999999999998e58 or -5.00000000000000011e-47 < x < -9.4999999999999997e-94 or 3.4e7 < x Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 79.8%
if -6.49999999999999998e58 < x < -5.00000000000000011e-47 or -9.4999999999999997e-94 < x < 3.4e7Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 80.7%
Final simplification80.2%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 -1.0)
double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = -1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return -1.0;
}
def code(x, y): return -1.0
function code(x, y) return -1.0 end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = -1.0; end
code[x_, y_] := -1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-1
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 50.2%
Final simplification50.2%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y))))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y));
}
def code(x, y): return (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y))
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x / Float64(x + y)) - Float64(y / Float64(x + y))) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(y / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x}{x + y} - \frac{y}{x + y}
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2024059
(FPCore (x y)
:name "Data.Colour.RGB:hslsv from colour-2.3.3, D"
:precision binary64
:alt
(- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y)))
(/ (- x y) (+ x y)))