Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 16.8s
Alternatives: 13
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 13 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (fma (+ a -0.5) (log t) (log (+ x y)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + fma((a + -0.5), log(t), log((x + y)));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + fma(Float64(a + -0.5), log(t), log(Float64(x + y))))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 94.2% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z - t\\ t_2 := \log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -750:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 700:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, t\_1\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (log z) t)) (t_2 (+ (log z) (log (+ x y)))))
   (if (<= t_2 -750.0)
     (+ t_1 (* a (log t)))
     (if (<= t_2 700.0)
       (- (+ (log (* z (+ x y))) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))) t)
       (fma (log t) a t_1)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(z) - t;
	double t_2 = log(z) + log((x + y));
	double tmp;
	if (t_2 <= -750.0) {
		tmp = t_1 + (a * log(t));
	} else if (t_2 <= 700.0) {
		tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = fma(log(t), a, t_1);
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(z) - t)
	t_2 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(x + y)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t_2 <= -750.0)
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + Float64(a * log(t)));
	elseif (t_2 <= 700.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(z * Float64(x + y))) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))) - t);
	else
		tmp = fma(log(t), a, t_1);
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$2, -750.0], N[(t$95$1 + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[t$95$2, 700.0], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(z * N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log z - t\\
t_2 := \log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_2 \leq -750:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{elif}\;t\_2 \leq 700:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, t\_1\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -750

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 68.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 73.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative73.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified73.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -750 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 700

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. sum-log99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]

    if 700 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 70.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 73.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative73.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified73.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative73.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      2. fma-define73.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, \log z - t\right)} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr73.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, \log z - t\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification92.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(x + y\right) \leq -750:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\log z + \log \left(x + y\right) \leq 700:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, \log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 94.2% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -750 \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 700\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (+ (log z) (log (+ x y)))))
   (if (or (<= t_1 -750.0) (not (<= t_1 700.0)))
     (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t)))
     (- (+ (log (* z (+ x y))) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(z) + log((x + y));
	double tmp;
	if ((t_1 <= -750.0) || !(t_1 <= 700.0)) {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(z) + log((x + y))
    if ((t_1 <= (-750.0d0)) .or. (.not. (t_1 <= 700.0d0))) then
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
    else
        tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(z) + Math.log((x + y));
	double tmp;
	if ((t_1 <= -750.0) || !(t_1 <= 700.0)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log((z * (x + y))) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(z) + math.log((x + y))
	tmp = 0
	if (t_1 <= -750.0) or not (t_1 <= 700.0):
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log((z * (x + y))) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(x + y)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t_1 <= -750.0) || !(t_1 <= 700.0))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(z * Float64(x + y))) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(z) + log((x + y));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t_1 <= -750.0) || ~((t_1 <= 700.0)))
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[t$95$1, -750.0], N[Not[LessEqual[t$95$1, 700.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(z * N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_1 \leq -750 \lor \neg \left(t\_1 \leq 700\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < -750 or 700 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z))

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 70.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 73.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative73.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified73.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -750 < (+.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 x y)) (log.f64 z)) < 700

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-undefine99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. sum-log99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification92.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\log z + \log \left(x + y\right) \leq -750 \lor \neg \left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right) \leq 700\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 80.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, \log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 1.8e-5)
   (+ (log z) (+ (log y) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (fma (log t) a (- (log z) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.8e-5) {
		tmp = log(z) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = fma(log(t), a, (log(z) - t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.8e-5)
		tmp = Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = fma(log(t), a, Float64(log(z) - t));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1.8e-5], N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, \log z - t\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.80000000000000005e-5

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 66.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 66.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z} + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \]

    if 1.80000000000000005e-5 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 64.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      2. fma-define98.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, \log z - t\right)} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, \log z - t\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification81.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.8 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log z + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, a, \log z - t\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log z) (log (+ x y))) t) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log(z) + log((x + y))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log(z) + log((x + y))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log(z) + Math.log((x + y))) - t) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log(z) + math.log((x + y))) - t) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(z) + log(Float64(x + y))) - t) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log(z) + log((x + y))) - t) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
  4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 69.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (+ (log y) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 65.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Final simplification65.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 71.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.75 \cdot 10^{-248} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-116}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(z \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -2.75e-248) (not (<= a 1.4e-116)))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t)))
   (log (* z (* (+ x y) (pow t (+ a -0.5)))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -2.75e-248) || !(a <= 1.4e-116)) {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = log((z * ((x + y) * pow(t, (a + -0.5)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-2.75d-248)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.4d-116))) then
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
    else
        tmp = log((z * ((x + y) * (t ** (a + (-0.5d0))))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -2.75e-248) || !(a <= 1.4e-116)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((z * ((x + y) * Math.pow(t, (a + -0.5)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -2.75e-248) or not (a <= 1.4e-116):
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = math.log((z * ((x + y) * math.pow(t, (a + -0.5)))))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -2.75e-248) || !(a <= 1.4e-116))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(z * Float64(Float64(x + y) * (t ^ Float64(a + -0.5)))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -2.75e-248) || ~((a <= 1.4e-116)))
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = log((z * ((x + y) * (t ^ (a + -0.5)))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -2.75e-248], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.4e-116]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[N[(z * N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[t, N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.75 \cdot 10^{-248} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-116}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(z \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -2.74999999999999989e-248 or 1.3999999999999999e-116 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 84.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative84.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified84.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -2.74999999999999989e-248 < a < 1.3999999999999999e-116

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 78.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z} + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp72.4%

        \[\leadsto \log z + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)}\right)} \]
      2. sum-log51.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)}\right)} \]
      3. fma-undefine51.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)}}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative51.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)} + \log \left(x + y\right)}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval51.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)}\right) \]
      6. sub-neg51.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right)} + \log \left(x + y\right)}\right) \]
      7. exp-sum51.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)} \cdot e^{\log \left(x + y\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      8. add-exp-log51.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)}\right)\right) \]
      9. sub-neg51.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)\right) \]
      10. metadata-eval51.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(e^{\log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)} \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. exp-to-pow51.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}} \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. +-commutative51.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \left({t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr51.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left({t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)} \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification77.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2.75 \cdot 10^{-248} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-116}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(z \cdot \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 72.4% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{-237} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-111}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -1.2e-237) (not (<= a 5.8e-111)))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t)))
   (log (* (+ x y) (* z (pow t (+ a -0.5)))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.2e-237) || !(a <= 5.8e-111)) {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = log(((x + y) * (z * pow(t, (a + -0.5)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-1.2d-237)) .or. (.not. (a <= 5.8d-111))) then
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
    else
        tmp = log(((x + y) * (z * (t ** (a + (-0.5d0))))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.2e-237) || !(a <= 5.8e-111)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(((x + y) * (z * Math.pow(t, (a + -0.5)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -1.2e-237) or not (a <= 5.8e-111):
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = math.log(((x + y) * (z * math.pow(t, (a + -0.5)))))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -1.2e-237) || !(a <= 5.8e-111))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * Float64(z * (t ^ Float64(a + -0.5)))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -1.2e-237) || ~((a <= 5.8e-111)))
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = log(((x + y) * (z * (t ^ (a + -0.5)))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -1.2e-237], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 5.8e-111]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * N[(z * N[Power[t, N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{-237} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-111}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.2e-237 or 5.80000000000000003e-111 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 84.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative84.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified84.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -1.2e-237 < a < 5.80000000000000003e-111

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. associate-+l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 78.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z} + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity78.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log z + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)\right)} \]
      2. add-log-exp72.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      3. sum-log51.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)}\right)} \]
      4. fma-undefine51.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative51.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)} + \log \left(x + y\right)}\right) \]
      6. metadata-eval51.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)}\right) \]
      7. sub-neg51.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right)} + \log \left(x + y\right)}\right) \]
      8. exp-sum51.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)} \cdot e^{\log \left(x + y\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      9. add-exp-log51.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left(e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x + y\right)}\right)\right) \]
      10. sub-neg51.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left(e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}} \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval51.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left(e^{\log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)} \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)\right) \]
      12. exp-to-pow51.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}} \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)\right) \]
      13. +-commutative51.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left({t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr51.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left({t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)} \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity51.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left({t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)} \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*53.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)} \]
    9. Simplified53.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right) \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification78.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.2 \cdot 10^{-237} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-111}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 61.9% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.5 \cdot 10^{+15}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 1.5e+15) (* a (log t)) (+ (- (log z) t) (log (+ x y)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.5e+15) {
		tmp = a * log(t);
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + log((x + y));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 1.5d+15) then
        tmp = a * log(t)
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + log((x + y))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.5e+15) {
		tmp = a * Math.log(t);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + Math.log((x + y));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1.5e+15:
		tmp = a * math.log(t)
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + math.log((x + y))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.5e+15)
		tmp = Float64(a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + log(Float64(x + y)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1.5e+15)
		tmp = a * log(t);
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + log((x + y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1.5e+15], N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.5 \cdot 10^{+15}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.5e15

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 48.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative48.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified48.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if 1.5e15 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 79.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{t}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification61.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.5 \cdot 10^{+15}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 76.8% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. associate-+l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 65.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 73.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative73.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  8. Simplified73.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  9. Final simplification73.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 39.4% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 470:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(z \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (if (<= t 470.0) (log (* z y)) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 470.0) {
		tmp = log((z * y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 470.0d0) then
        tmp = log((z * y))
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 470.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((z * y));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 470.0:
		tmp = math.log((z * y))
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 470.0)
		tmp = log(Float64(z * y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 470.0)
		tmp = log((z * y));
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 470.0], N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 470:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(z \cdot y\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 470

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 55.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(a \cdot \log t\right)}\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg55.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(-a \cdot \log t\right)}\right) \]
      2. *-commutative55.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot a}\right)\right) \]
      3. distribute-rgt-neg-in55.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-a\right)}\right) \]
    7. Simplified55.2%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-a\right)}\right) \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity55.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \log t \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)\right)} \]
      2. add-log-exp12.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\log z - \log t \cdot \left(-a\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      3. sum-log9.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot e^{\log z - \log t \cdot \left(-a\right)}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative9.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \cdot e^{\log z - \log t \cdot \left(-a\right)}\right) \]
      5. sub-neg9.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\log z + \left(-\log t \cdot \left(-a\right)\right)}}\right) \]
      6. exp-sum9.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log z} \cdot e^{-\log t \cdot \left(-a\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      7. add-exp-log9.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{z} \cdot e^{-\log t \cdot \left(-a\right)}\right)\right) \]
      8. add-sqr-sqrt4.6%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{-\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-a} \cdot \sqrt{-a}\right)}}\right)\right) \]
      9. sqrt-unprod7.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{-\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-a\right) \cdot \left(-a\right)}}}\right)\right) \]
      10. sqr-neg7.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{-\log t \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{a \cdot a}}}\right)\right) \]
      11. sqrt-unprod3.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{-\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a} \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)}}\right)\right) \]
      12. add-sqr-sqrt7.0%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{-\log t \cdot \color{blue}{a}}\right)\right) \]
      13. distribute-rgt-neg-out7.0%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-a\right)}}\right)\right) \]
      14. add-sqr-sqrt3.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{-a} \cdot \sqrt{-a}\right)}}\right)\right) \]
      15. sqrt-unprod8.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-a\right) \cdot \left(-a\right)}}}\right)\right) \]
      16. sqr-neg8.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{a \cdot a}}}\right)\right) \]
      17. sqrt-unprod4.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{a} \cdot \sqrt{a}\right)}}\right)\right) \]
      18. add-sqr-sqrt9.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \color{blue}{a}}\right)\right) \]
    9. Applied egg-rr9.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{a}\right)\right)} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity9.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{a}\right)\right)} \]
    11. Simplified9.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \left(z \cdot {t}^{a}\right)\right)} \]
    12. Taylor expanded in a around 0 8.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\left(y + x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{z}\right) \]
    13. Taylor expanded in x around 0 5.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} \]
    14. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative5.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} \]
    15. Simplified5.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot y\right)} \]

    if 470 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 75.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-175.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    7. Simplified75.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification37.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 470:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(z \cdot y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 61.9% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{+17}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 4.5e+17) (* a (log t)) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 4.5e+17) {
		tmp = a * log(t);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 4.5d+17) then
        tmp = a * log(t)
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 4.5e+17) {
		tmp = a * Math.log(t);
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 4.5e+17:
		tmp = a * math.log(t)
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 4.5e+17)
		tmp = Float64(a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 4.5e+17)
		tmp = a * log(t);
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 4.5e+17], N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{+17}:\\
\;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 4.5e17

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 48.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative48.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified48.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if 4.5e17 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 79.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-179.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    7. Simplified79.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification61.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 4.5 \cdot 10^{+17}:\\ \;\;\;\;a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 37.9% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 35.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-135.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  7. Simplified35.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Final simplification35.7%

    \[\leadsto -t \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024059 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))