Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 21.1s
Alternatives: 15
Speedup: N/A×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 15 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (fma (+ a -0.5) (log t) (log (+ x y)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + fma((a + -0.5), log(t), log((x + y)));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + fma(Float64(a + -0.5), log(t), log(Float64(x + y))))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-+r+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 76.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log z - t\\ \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+20} \lor \neg \left(a - 0.5 \leq -0.49995\right):\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + \log \left(y \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (log z) t)))
   (if (or (<= (- a 0.5) -5e+20) (not (<= (- a 0.5) -0.49995)))
     (+ t_1 (* a (log t)))
     (+ t_1 (log (* y (pow t -0.5)))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(z) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (((a - 0.5) <= -5e+20) || !((a - 0.5) <= -0.49995)) {
		tmp = t_1 + (a * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 + log((y * pow(t, -0.5)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(z) - t
    if (((a - 0.5d0) <= (-5d+20)) .or. (.not. ((a - 0.5d0) <= (-0.49995d0)))) then
        tmp = t_1 + (a * log(t))
    else
        tmp = t_1 + log((y * (t ** (-0.5d0))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(z) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (((a - 0.5) <= -5e+20) || !((a - 0.5) <= -0.49995)) {
		tmp = t_1 + (a * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 + Math.log((y * Math.pow(t, -0.5)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(z) - t
	tmp = 0
	if ((a - 0.5) <= -5e+20) or not ((a - 0.5) <= -0.49995):
		tmp = t_1 + (a * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = t_1 + math.log((y * math.pow(t, -0.5)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(z) - t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((Float64(a - 0.5) <= -5e+20) || !(Float64(a - 0.5) <= -0.49995))
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + Float64(a * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + log(Float64(y * (t ^ -0.5))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(z) - t;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (((a - 0.5) <= -5e+20) || ~(((a - 0.5) <= -0.49995)))
		tmp = t_1 + (a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = t_1 + log((y * (t ^ -0.5)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -5e+20], N[Not[LessEqual[N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision], -0.49995]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(t$95$1 + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 + N[Log[N[(y * N[Power[t, -0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log z - t\\
\mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+20} \lor \neg \left(a - 0.5 \leq -0.49995\right):\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + \log \left(y \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (-.f64 a 1/2) < -5e20 or -0.49995000000000001 < (-.f64 a 1/2)

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 72.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -5e20 < (-.f64 a 1/2) < -0.49995000000000001

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around 0 62.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative62.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right) \]
    8. Simplified62.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp62.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)}\right) \]
      2. sum-log55.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot e^{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right)} \]
      3. pow-to-exp55.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(y \cdot \color{blue}{{t}^{-0.5}}\right) \]
    10. Applied egg-rr55.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification77.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a - 0.5 \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+20} \lor \neg \left(a - 0.5 \leq -0.49995\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(y \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 81.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 3.2e-8)
   (+ (log y) (+ (log z) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 3.2e-8) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 3.2d-8) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 3.2e-8) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 3.2e-8:
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 3.2e-8)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 3.2e-8)
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 3.2e-8], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 3.2000000000000002e-8

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around 0 62.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]

    if 3.2000000000000002e-8 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 72.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification82.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 3.2 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (+ (- (log z) t) (log (+ x y))) (* (+ a -0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log(z) - t) + log((x + y))) + ((a + -0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log(z) - t) + log((x + y))) + ((a + (-0.5d0)) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log(z) - t) + Math.log((x + y))) + ((a + -0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log(z) - t) + math.log((x + y))) + ((a + -0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + log(Float64(x + y))) + Float64(Float64(a + -0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log(z) - t) + log((x + y))) + ((a + -0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. remove-double-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(-\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right) \]
    3. remove-double-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    5. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 69.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\log z + \left(\log y - t\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (* (+ a -0.5) (log t)) (+ (log z) (- (log y) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((a + -0.5) * log(t)) + (log(z) + (log(y) - t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((a + (-0.5d0)) * log(t)) + (log(z) + (log(y) - t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((a + -0.5) * Math.log(t)) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(y) - t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((a + -0.5) * math.log(t)) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(y) - t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(a + -0.5) * log(t)) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(y) - t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((a + -0.5) * log(t)) + (log(z) + (log(y) - t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\log z + \left(\log y - t\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. remove-double-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(-\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right) \]
    3. remove-double-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    5. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative30.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right)} - t \]
    2. remove-double-neg30.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\log y\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
    3. log-rec30.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \left(-\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
    4. mul-1-neg30.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) - t \]
    5. associate--l+30.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) - t\right)} \]
    6. mul-1-neg30.7%

      \[\leadsto \log z + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)} - t\right) \]
    7. log-rec30.7%

      \[\leadsto \log z + \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\log y\right)}\right) - t\right) \]
    8. remove-double-neg30.7%

      \[\leadsto \log z + \left(\color{blue}{\log y} - t\right) \]
  7. Simplified67.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \left(\log y - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  8. Final simplification67.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\log z + \left(\log y - t\right)\right) \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 69.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (log z) t) (+ (log y) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (Math.log(y) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (math.log(y) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (log(y) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-+r+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Final simplification67.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) \]
  7. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 86.8% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -116000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-9}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -116000.0) (not (<= a 1.35e-9)))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t)))
   (- (+ (log (* z (+ x y))) (* -0.5 (log t))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -116000.0) || !(a <= 1.35e-9)) {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) + (-0.5 * log(t))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-116000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.35d-9))) then
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
    else
        tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) + ((-0.5d0) * log(t))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -116000.0) || !(a <= 1.35e-9)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log((z * (x + y))) + (-0.5 * Math.log(t))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -116000.0) or not (a <= 1.35e-9):
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log((z * (x + y))) + (-0.5 * math.log(t))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -116000.0) || !(a <= 1.35e-9))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(z * Float64(x + y))) + Float64(-0.5 * log(t))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -116000.0) || ~((a <= 1.35e-9)))
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = (log((z * (x + y))) + (-0.5 * log(t))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -116000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.35e-9]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(z * N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.5 * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -116000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-9}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -116000 or 1.3500000000000001e-9 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 72.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -116000 < a < 1.3500000000000001e-9

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. sum-log79.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Applied egg-rr79.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity79.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative79.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified79.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 79.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -116000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-9}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 71.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-19} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.9 \cdot 10^{-9}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(z \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{t}}\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -8.2e-19) (not (<= a 1.9e-9)))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t)))
   (- (log (* (* z y) (sqrt (/ 1.0 t)))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -8.2e-19) || !(a <= 1.9e-9)) {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = log(((z * y) * sqrt((1.0 / t)))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-8.2d-19)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.9d-9))) then
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
    else
        tmp = log(((z * y) * sqrt((1.0d0 / t)))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -8.2e-19) || !(a <= 1.9e-9)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(((z * y) * Math.sqrt((1.0 / t)))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -8.2e-19) or not (a <= 1.9e-9):
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = math.log(((z * y) * math.sqrt((1.0 / t)))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -8.2e-19) || !(a <= 1.9e-9))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(Float64(z * y) * sqrt(Float64(1.0 / t)))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -8.2e-19) || ~((a <= 1.9e-9)))
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = log(((z * y) * sqrt((1.0 / t)))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -8.2e-19], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.9e-9]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 / t), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-19} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.9 \cdot 10^{-9}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(z \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{t}}\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -8.1999999999999997e-19 or 1.90000000000000006e-9 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 73.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -8.1999999999999997e-19 < a < 1.90000000000000006e-9

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. remove-double-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(-\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right) \]
      3. remove-double-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
      4. sub-neg99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      5. metadata-eval99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 61.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right) - t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity61.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\right)} - t \]
      2. add-log-exp48.3%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)}\right)} - t \]
      3. associate-+r+48.2%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}}\right) - t \]
      4. exp-sum45.4%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\log y + \log z} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
      5. sum-log45.7%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) - t \]
      6. add-exp-log45.8%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\color{blue}{\left(y \cdot z\right)} \cdot e^{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) - t \]
      7. exp-to-pow45.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{t}^{\left(a - 0.5\right)}}\right) - t \]
      8. sub-neg45.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}}\right) - t \]
      9. metadata-eval45.9%

        \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right)}\right) - t \]
    7. Applied egg-rr45.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity45.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
    9. Simplified45.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{\left(a + -0.5\right)}\right)} - t \]
    10. Taylor expanded in a around 0 45.9%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{t}}}\right) - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification74.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{-19} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.9 \cdot 10^{-9}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(z \cdot y\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{t}}\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 73.5% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -116000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -116000.0) (not (<= a 1.4e-8)))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t)))
   (- (+ (log (* z y)) (* -0.5 (log t))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -116000.0) || !(a <= 1.4e-8)) {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (log((z * y)) + (-0.5 * log(t))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-116000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.4d-8))) then
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
    else
        tmp = (log((z * y)) + ((-0.5d0) * log(t))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -116000.0) || !(a <= 1.4e-8)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log((z * y)) + (-0.5 * Math.log(t))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -116000.0) or not (a <= 1.4e-8):
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log((z * y)) + (-0.5 * math.log(t))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -116000.0) || !(a <= 1.4e-8))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(z * y)) + Float64(-0.5 * log(t))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -116000.0) || ~((a <= 1.4e-8)))
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = (log((z * y)) + (-0.5 * log(t))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -116000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.4e-8]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(z * y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(-0.5 * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -116000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -116000 or 1.4e-8 < a

    1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 72.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if -116000 < a < 1.4e-8

    1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. sum-log79.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Applied egg-rr79.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity79.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative79.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified79.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 79.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in x around 0 50.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)} - t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative50.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \color{blue}{\left(z \cdot y\right)} + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t \]
      2. *-commutative50.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5}\right) - t \]
    10. Simplified50.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + \log t \cdot -0.5\right)} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification75.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -116000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{-8}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(z \cdot y\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 88.1% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1750000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 1750000000000.0)
   (+ (* (log t) (- a 0.5)) (- (log (* z (+ x y))) t))
   (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1750000000000.0) {
		tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + (log((z * (x + y))) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 1750000000000.0d0) then
        tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)) + (log((z * (x + y))) - t)
    else
        tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1750000000000.0) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + (Math.log((z * (x + y))) - t);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1750000000000.0:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + (math.log((z * (x + y))) - t)
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1750000000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)) + Float64(log(Float64(z * Float64(x + y))) - t));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1750000000000.0)
		tmp = (log(t) * (a - 0.5)) + (log((z * (x + y))) - t);
	else
		tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1750000000000.0], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(z * N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1750000000000:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.75e12

    1. Initial program 99.2%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      3. sum-log77.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    4. Applied egg-rr77.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{1 \cdot \log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity77.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. +-commutative77.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Simplified77.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right)} - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]

    if 1.75e12 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 72.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    8. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1750000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - t\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 65.4% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+48}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 1.85e+48) (+ (log (+ x y)) (* a (log t))) (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.85e+48) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (a * log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 1.85d+48) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (a * log(t))
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 1.85e+48) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (a * Math.log(t));
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 1.85e+48:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (a * math.log(t))
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 1.85e+48)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(a * log(t)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 1.85e+48)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (a * log(t));
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 1.85e+48], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+48}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + a \cdot \log t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.85e48

    1. Initial program 99.3%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-undefine99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 55.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative55.3%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
    7. Simplified55.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]

    if 1.85e48 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-+r+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      5. fma-define99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
      6. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
      7. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 72.1%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 79.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg79.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    8. Simplified79.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification66.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.85 \cdot 10^{+48}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + a \cdot \log t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 77.0% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ (- (log z) t) (* a (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(z) - t) + (a * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(z) - t) + (a * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(a * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(z) - t) + (a * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-+r+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in a around inf 78.0%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative78.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  8. Simplified78.0%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\log t \cdot a} \]
  9. Final simplification78.0%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + a \cdot \log t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 31.8% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log z + \left(\log y - t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (+ (log z) (- (log y) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log(z) + (log(y) - t);
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log(z) + (log(y) - t)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log(z) + (Math.log(y) - t);
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log(z) + (math.log(y) - t)
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(y) - t))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log(z) + (log(y) - t);
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log z + \left(\log y - t\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 44.0%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{t}\right) \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 30.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative30.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right)} - t \]
    2. remove-double-neg30.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\log y\right)\right)}\right) - t \]
    3. log-rec30.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \left(-\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)}\right)\right) - t \]
    4. mul-1-neg30.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) - t \]
    5. associate--l+30.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(-1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) - t\right)} \]
    6. mul-1-neg30.7%

      \[\leadsto \log z + \left(\color{blue}{\left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{y}\right)\right)} - t\right) \]
    7. log-rec30.7%

      \[\leadsto \log z + \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\left(-\log y\right)}\right) - t\right) \]
    8. remove-double-neg30.7%

      \[\leadsto \log z + \left(\color{blue}{\log y} - t\right) \]
  8. Simplified30.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log z + \left(\log y - t\right)} \]
  9. Final simplification30.7%

    \[\leadsto \log z + \left(\log y - t\right) \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 41.8% accurate, 3.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (log (+ x y)) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-undefine99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.5%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 43.3%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-143.3%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  7. Simplified43.3%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification43.3%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) - t \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 38.5% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-+r+99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    5. fma-define99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
    6. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z - t\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 67.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log z - t\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in t around inf 40.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg40.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  8. Simplified40.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  9. Final simplification40.2%

    \[\leadsto -t \]
  10. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024055 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))