
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (t_1 (exp t_0)) (t_2 (exp (- t_0)))) (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ t_1 t_2) (- t_1 t_2)))))))
double code(double f) {
double t_0 = (((double) M_PI) / 4.0) * f;
double t_1 = exp(t_0);
double t_2 = exp(-t_0);
return -((1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
public static double code(double f) {
double t_0 = (Math.PI / 4.0) * f;
double t_1 = Math.exp(t_0);
double t_2 = Math.exp(-t_0);
return -((1.0 / (Math.PI / 4.0)) * Math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
def code(f): t_0 = (math.pi / 4.0) * f t_1 = math.exp(t_0) t_2 = math.exp(-t_0) return -((1.0 / (math.pi / 4.0)) * math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))))
function code(f) t_0 = Float64(Float64(pi / 4.0) * f) t_1 = exp(t_0) t_2 = exp(Float64(-t_0)) return Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)) * log(Float64(Float64(t_1 + t_2) / Float64(t_1 - t_2))))) end
function tmp = code(f) t_0 = (pi / 4.0) * f; t_1 = exp(t_0); t_2 = exp(-t_0); tmp = -((1.0 / (pi / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2)))); end
code[f_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Exp[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Exp[(-t$95$0)], $MachinePrecision]}, (-N[(N[(1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[N[(N[(t$95$1 + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$1 - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision])]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\
t_1 := e^{t\_0}\\
t_2 := e^{-t\_0}\\
-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_1 + t\_2}{t\_1 - t\_2}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (t_1 (exp t_0)) (t_2 (exp (- t_0)))) (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ t_1 t_2) (- t_1 t_2)))))))
double code(double f) {
double t_0 = (((double) M_PI) / 4.0) * f;
double t_1 = exp(t_0);
double t_2 = exp(-t_0);
return -((1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
public static double code(double f) {
double t_0 = (Math.PI / 4.0) * f;
double t_1 = Math.exp(t_0);
double t_2 = Math.exp(-t_0);
return -((1.0 / (Math.PI / 4.0)) * Math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
def code(f): t_0 = (math.pi / 4.0) * f t_1 = math.exp(t_0) t_2 = math.exp(-t_0) return -((1.0 / (math.pi / 4.0)) * math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))))
function code(f) t_0 = Float64(Float64(pi / 4.0) * f) t_1 = exp(t_0) t_2 = exp(Float64(-t_0)) return Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)) * log(Float64(Float64(t_1 + t_2) / Float64(t_1 - t_2))))) end
function tmp = code(f) t_0 = (pi / 4.0) * f; t_1 = exp(t_0); t_2 = exp(-t_0); tmp = -((1.0 / (pi / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2)))); end
code[f_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Exp[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Exp[(-t$95$0)], $MachinePrecision]}, (-N[(N[(1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[N[(N[(t$95$1 + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$1 - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision])]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\
t_1 := e^{t\_0}\\
t_2 := e^{-t\_0}\\
-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t\_1 + t\_2}{t\_1 - t\_2}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (f)
:precision binary64
(*
(/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0))
(-
(log
(fma
f
(* PI 0.5)
(fma
(pow f 3.0)
(* (pow PI 3.0) 0.005208333333333333)
(fma
(pow f 5.0)
(* (pow PI 5.0) 1.6276041666666666e-5)
(* (pow (* PI f) 7.0) 2.422030009920635e-8)))))
(log (* 2.0 (cosh (* (* PI 0.25) f)))))))
double code(double f) {
return (1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0)) * (log(fma(f, (((double) M_PI) * 0.5), fma(pow(f, 3.0), (pow(((double) M_PI), 3.0) * 0.005208333333333333), fma(pow(f, 5.0), (pow(((double) M_PI), 5.0) * 1.6276041666666666e-5), (pow((((double) M_PI) * f), 7.0) * 2.422030009920635e-8))))) - log((2.0 * cosh(((((double) M_PI) * 0.25) * f)))));
}
function code(f) return Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)) * Float64(log(fma(f, Float64(pi * 0.5), fma((f ^ 3.0), Float64((pi ^ 3.0) * 0.005208333333333333), fma((f ^ 5.0), Float64((pi ^ 5.0) * 1.6276041666666666e-5), Float64((Float64(pi * f) ^ 7.0) * 2.422030009920635e-8))))) - log(Float64(2.0 * cosh(Float64(Float64(pi * 0.25) * f)))))) end
code[f_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Log[N[(f * N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[f, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[Pi, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.005208333333333333), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[f, 5.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[Pi, 5.0], $MachinePrecision] * 1.6276041666666666e-5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision], 7.0], $MachinePrecision] * 2.422030009920635e-8), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Log[N[(2.0 * N[Cosh[N[(N[(Pi * 0.25), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \left(\log \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(f, \pi \cdot 0.5, \mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{3}, {\pi}^{3} \cdot 0.005208333333333333, \mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, {\left(\pi \cdot f\right)}^{7} \cdot 2.422030009920635 \cdot 10^{-8}\right)\right)\right)\right) - \log \left(2 \cdot \cosh \left(\left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot f\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 6.2%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.3%
fma-define96.3%
distribute-rgt-out--96.3%
metadata-eval96.3%
fma-define96.3%
distribute-rgt-out--96.3%
metadata-eval96.3%
Simplified96.3%
log-div96.3%
cosh-undef96.3%
div-inv96.3%
metadata-eval96.3%
Applied egg-rr96.3%
Final simplification96.3%
(FPCore (f)
:precision binary64
(*
(log
(/
(* 2.0 (cosh (* PI (* 0.25 f))))
(fma
f
(* PI 0.5)
(fma
(pow f 3.0)
(* (pow PI 3.0) 0.005208333333333333)
(fma
(pow f 5.0)
(* (pow PI 5.0) 1.6276041666666666e-5)
(* (pow (* PI f) 7.0) 2.422030009920635e-8))))))
(/ -1.0 (/ PI 4.0))))
double code(double f) {
return log(((2.0 * cosh((((double) M_PI) * (0.25 * f)))) / fma(f, (((double) M_PI) * 0.5), fma(pow(f, 3.0), (pow(((double) M_PI), 3.0) * 0.005208333333333333), fma(pow(f, 5.0), (pow(((double) M_PI), 5.0) * 1.6276041666666666e-5), (pow((((double) M_PI) * f), 7.0) * 2.422030009920635e-8)))))) * (-1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0));
}
function code(f) return Float64(log(Float64(Float64(2.0 * cosh(Float64(pi * Float64(0.25 * f)))) / fma(f, Float64(pi * 0.5), fma((f ^ 3.0), Float64((pi ^ 3.0) * 0.005208333333333333), fma((f ^ 5.0), Float64((pi ^ 5.0) * 1.6276041666666666e-5), Float64((Float64(pi * f) ^ 7.0) * 2.422030009920635e-8)))))) * Float64(-1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0))) end
code[f_] := N[(N[Log[N[(N[(2.0 * N[Cosh[N[(Pi * N[(0.25 * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(f * N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[f, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[Pi, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.005208333333333333), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[f, 5.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[Pi, 5.0], $MachinePrecision] * 1.6276041666666666e-5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision], 7.0], $MachinePrecision] * 2.422030009920635e-8), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(\pi \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot f\right)\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left(f, \pi \cdot 0.5, \mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{3}, {\pi}^{3} \cdot 0.005208333333333333, \mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, {\left(\pi \cdot f\right)}^{7} \cdot 2.422030009920635 \cdot 10^{-8}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{\pi}{4}}
\end{array}
Initial program 6.2%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.3%
fma-define96.3%
distribute-rgt-out--96.3%
metadata-eval96.3%
fma-define96.3%
distribute-rgt-out--96.3%
metadata-eval96.3%
Simplified96.3%
div-inv96.3%
log-prod96.3%
Applied egg-rr96.3%
log-rec96.3%
sub-neg96.3%
log-div96.3%
associate-*l*96.3%
Simplified96.3%
Final simplification96.3%
(FPCore (f)
:precision binary64
(*
(log
(/
(+ (exp (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (exp (* (/ PI 4.0) (- f))))
(fma
(pow f 5.0)
(* (pow PI 5.0) 1.6276041666666666e-5)
(fma
(pow f 3.0)
(* (pow PI 3.0) 0.005208333333333333)
(* f (* PI 0.5))))))
(/ -1.0 (/ PI 4.0))))
double code(double f) {
return log(((exp(((((double) M_PI) / 4.0) * f)) + exp(((((double) M_PI) / 4.0) * -f))) / fma(pow(f, 5.0), (pow(((double) M_PI), 5.0) * 1.6276041666666666e-5), fma(pow(f, 3.0), (pow(((double) M_PI), 3.0) * 0.005208333333333333), (f * (((double) M_PI) * 0.5)))))) * (-1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0));
}
function code(f) return Float64(log(Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(Float64(pi / 4.0) * f)) + exp(Float64(Float64(pi / 4.0) * Float64(-f)))) / fma((f ^ 5.0), Float64((pi ^ 5.0) * 1.6276041666666666e-5), fma((f ^ 3.0), Float64((pi ^ 3.0) * 0.005208333333333333), Float64(f * Float64(pi * 0.5)))))) * Float64(-1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0))) end
code[f_] := N[(N[Log[N[(N[(N[Exp[N[(N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Exp[N[(N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * (-f)), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Power[f, 5.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[Pi, 5.0], $MachinePrecision] * 1.6276041666666666e-5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[f, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[Pi, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.005208333333333333), $MachinePrecision] + N[(f * N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot \left(-f\right)}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{3}, {\pi}^{3} \cdot 0.005208333333333333, f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{\pi}{4}}
\end{array}
Initial program 6.2%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.1%
associate-+r+96.1%
+-commutative96.1%
fma-define96.1%
distribute-rgt-out--96.1%
metadata-eval96.1%
+-commutative96.1%
fma-define96.1%
Simplified96.1%
Final simplification96.1%
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (* (/ (log (fma f (* PI 0.08333333333333333) (/ (/ 4.0 PI) f))) PI) (- 4.0)))
double code(double f) {
return (log(fma(f, (((double) M_PI) * 0.08333333333333333), ((4.0 / ((double) M_PI)) / f))) / ((double) M_PI)) * -4.0;
}
function code(f) return Float64(Float64(log(fma(f, Float64(pi * 0.08333333333333333), Float64(Float64(4.0 / pi) / f))) / pi) * Float64(-4.0)) end
code[f_] := N[(N[(N[Log[N[(f * N[(Pi * 0.08333333333333333), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(4.0 / Pi), $MachinePrecision] / f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision] * (-4.0)), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\log \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(f, \pi \cdot 0.08333333333333333, \frac{\frac{4}{\pi}}{f}\right)\right)}{\pi} \cdot \left(-4\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 6.2%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 95.9%
Simplified95.9%
fma-undefine95.9%
associate-*r*95.9%
metadata-eval95.9%
*-commutative95.9%
Applied egg-rr95.9%
fma-define95.9%
associate-/r/96.0%
div-inv96.0%
metadata-eval96.0%
associate-/l*95.8%
Applied egg-rr95.8%
*-commutative95.8%
associate-/r/96.0%
associate-/r/96.1%
metadata-eval96.1%
Simplified96.1%
Final simplification96.1%
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (* 4.0 (- (log f) (log (/ 2.0 (* PI 0.5))))) PI))
double code(double f) {
return (4.0 * (log(f) - log((2.0 / (((double) M_PI) * 0.5))))) / ((double) M_PI);
}
public static double code(double f) {
return (4.0 * (Math.log(f) - Math.log((2.0 / (Math.PI * 0.5))))) / Math.PI;
}
def code(f): return (4.0 * (math.log(f) - math.log((2.0 / (math.pi * 0.5))))) / math.pi
function code(f) return Float64(Float64(4.0 * Float64(log(f) - log(Float64(2.0 / Float64(pi * 0.5))))) / pi) end
function tmp = code(f) tmp = (4.0 * (log(f) - log((2.0 / (pi * 0.5))))) / pi; end
code[f_] := N[(N[(4.0 * N[(N[Log[f], $MachinePrecision] - N[Log[N[(2.0 / N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{4 \cdot \left(\log f - \log \left(\frac{2}{\pi \cdot 0.5}\right)\right)}{\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 6.2%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 95.6%
associate-*r/95.6%
mul-1-neg95.6%
unsub-neg95.6%
distribute-rgt-out--95.6%
metadata-eval95.6%
Simplified95.6%
Final simplification95.6%
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (* (/ 4.0 PI) (- (log (/ (/ 4.0 PI) f)))))
double code(double f) {
return (4.0 / ((double) M_PI)) * -log(((4.0 / ((double) M_PI)) / f));
}
public static double code(double f) {
return (4.0 / Math.PI) * -Math.log(((4.0 / Math.PI) / f));
}
def code(f): return (4.0 / math.pi) * -math.log(((4.0 / math.pi) / f))
function code(f) return Float64(Float64(4.0 / pi) * Float64(-log(Float64(Float64(4.0 / pi) / f)))) end
function tmp = code(f) tmp = (4.0 / pi) * -log(((4.0 / pi) / f)); end
code[f_] := N[(N[(4.0 / Pi), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Log[N[(N[(4.0 / Pi), $MachinePrecision] / f), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\pi}}{f}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 6.2%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 95.6%
*-commutative95.6%
associate-*l/95.6%
associate-/l*95.4%
mul-1-neg95.4%
unsub-neg95.4%
distribute-rgt-out--95.4%
*-commutative95.4%
associate-/r*95.4%
metadata-eval95.4%
metadata-eval95.4%
Simplified95.4%
diff-log95.4%
Applied egg-rr95.4%
Final simplification95.4%
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (* 4.0 (log (/ (/ 4.0 PI) f))) (- PI)))
double code(double f) {
return (4.0 * log(((4.0 / ((double) M_PI)) / f))) / -((double) M_PI);
}
public static double code(double f) {
return (4.0 * Math.log(((4.0 / Math.PI) / f))) / -Math.PI;
}
def code(f): return (4.0 * math.log(((4.0 / math.pi) / f))) / -math.pi
function code(f) return Float64(Float64(4.0 * log(Float64(Float64(4.0 / pi) / f))) / Float64(-pi)) end
function tmp = code(f) tmp = (4.0 * log(((4.0 / pi) / f))) / -pi; end
code[f_] := N[(N[(4.0 * N[Log[N[(N[(4.0 / Pi), $MachinePrecision] / f), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / (-Pi)), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\pi}}{f}\right)}{-\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 6.2%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 95.4%
associate-/l/95.4%
distribute-rgt-out--95.4%
*-commutative95.4%
associate-/r*95.4%
metadata-eval95.4%
metadata-eval95.4%
Simplified95.4%
diff-log95.4%
*-commutative95.4%
clear-num95.4%
associate-*r/95.6%
diff-log95.5%
Applied egg-rr95.5%
Final simplification95.5%
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (* 4.0 (log 0.125)) (- PI)))
double code(double f) {
return (4.0 * log(0.125)) / -((double) M_PI);
}
public static double code(double f) {
return (4.0 * Math.log(0.125)) / -Math.PI;
}
def code(f): return (4.0 * math.log(0.125)) / -math.pi
function code(f) return Float64(Float64(4.0 * log(0.125)) / Float64(-pi)) end
function tmp = code(f) tmp = (4.0 * log(0.125)) / -pi; end
code[f_] := N[(N[(4.0 * N[Log[0.125], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / (-Pi)), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{4 \cdot \log 0.125}{-\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 6.2%
Applied egg-rr1.6%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 1.6%
associate-*r/1.6%
Simplified1.6%
Final simplification1.6%
herbie shell --seed 2024050
(FPCore (f)
:name "VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)"
:precision binary64
(- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ (exp (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ PI 4.0) f)))) (- (exp (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ PI 4.0) f)))))))))