Diagrams.Tangent:$catParam from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3, D

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.9%

Time: 7.8s

Alternatives: 8

Speedup: 1.0×

• 25.0% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 3.0 (+ (- (* (* x 3.0) x) (* x 4.0)) 1.0)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0 * ((((x * 3.0d0) * x) - (x * 4.0d0)) + 1.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0)

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(3.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * 3.0) * x) - Float64(x * 4.0)) + 1.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(3.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[(x * 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 3.0 (+ (- (* (* x 3.0) x) (* x 4.0)) 1.0)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0 * ((((x * 3.0d0) * x) - (x * 4.0d0)) + 1.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0)

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(3.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * 3.0) * x) - Float64(x * 4.0)) + 1.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(3.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[(x * 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.9% accurate, 0.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right), 3\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (fma (* x 3.0) (fma x 3.0 -4.0) 3.0))

C

double code(double x) {
	return fma((x * 3.0), fma(x, 3.0, -4.0), 3.0);
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return fma(Float64(x * 3.0), fma(x, 3.0, -4.0), 3.0)
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(N[(x * 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x * 3.0 + -4.0), $MachinePrecision] + 3.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative 99.5%

      \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-in 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 \cdot 1 + 3 \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right)} \]

   3. metadata-eval 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3} + 3 \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) \]

   4. associate-*l* 99.5%

      \[\leadsto 3 + 3 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right)} - x \cdot 4\right) \]

   5. distribute-lft-out-- 99.9%

      \[\leadsto 3 + 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x - 4\right)\right)} \]

   6. *-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto 3 + 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot 3} - 4\right)\right) \]

   7. fma-neg 99.9%

      \[\leadsto 3 + 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right)}\right) \]

   8. metadata-eval 99.9%

      \[\leadsto 3 + 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, \color{blue}{-4}\right)\right) \]

4. Applied egg-rr 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right)\right)} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right)\right) + 3} \]

   2. associate-*r* 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot x\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right)} + 3 \]

   3. *-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right) + 3 \]

   4. fma-define 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right), 3\right)} \]

6. Simplified 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right), 3\right)} \]

7. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right), 3\right) \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.9% accurate, 0.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(x, -12 + x \cdot 9, 3\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (fma x (+ -12.0 (* x 9.0)) 3.0))

C

double code(double x) {
	return fma(x, (-12.0 + (x * 9.0)), 3.0);
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return fma(x, Float64(-12.0 + Float64(x * 9.0)), 3.0)
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(x * N[(-12.0 + N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 3.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-rgt-in 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3} \]

   2. metadata-eval 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{3} \]

   3. *-commutative 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 3 \]

   4. distribute-lft-out-- 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)\right)} \cdot 3 + 3 \]

   5. associate-*l* 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right)} + 3 \]

   6. fma-define 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3, 3\right)} \]

   7. *-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)}, 3\right) \]

   8. sub-neg 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3 + \left(-4\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

   9. +-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-4\right) + x \cdot 3\right)}, 3\right) \]

   10. distribute-rgt-in 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\left(-4\right) \cdot 3 + \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3}, 3\right) \]

   11. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{-4} \cdot 3 + \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3, 3\right) \]

   12. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{-12} + \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3, 3\right) \]

   13. associate-*l* 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, -12 + \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot 3\right)}, 3\right) \]

   14. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, -12 + x \cdot \color{blue}{9}, 3\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, -12 + x \cdot 9, 3\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, -12 + x \cdot 9, 3\right) \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 98.2% accurate, 0.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.55 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 \cdot \left(1 + x \cdot -4\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -1.55) (not (<= x 1.0)))
   (* x (* x 9.0))
   (* 3.0 (+ 1.0 (* x -4.0)))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 * (1.0 + (x * -4.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-1.55d0)) .or. (.not. (x <= 1.0d0))) then
        tmp = x * (x * 9.0d0)
    else
        tmp = 3.0d0 * (1.0d0 + (x * (-4.0d0)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 * (1.0 + (x * -4.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -1.55) or not (x <= 1.0):
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0)
	else:
		tmp = 3.0 * (1.0 + (x * -4.0))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0))
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(x * 9.0));
	else
		tmp = Float64(3.0 * Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * -4.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || ~((x <= 1.0)))
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	else
		tmp = 3.0 * (1.0 + (x * -4.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.55], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x * N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(3.0 * N[(1.0 + N[(x * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -1.55000000000000004 or 1 < x

   1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} \]

   5. Simplified 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 \]

      2. metadata-eval 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right)} \]

      3. swap-sqr 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} \]

      4. pow2 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot 3\right)}^{2}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot 3\right)}^{2}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow-prod-down 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot {3}^{2}} \]

      2. metadata-eval 98.0%

         \[\leadsto {x}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{9} \]

      3. unpow2 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 \]

      4. associate-*r* 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)} \]

      5. *-commutative 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \]

   9. Applied egg-rr 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \]

   if -1.55000000000000004 < x < 1

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.7%

      \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-4 \cdot x} + 1\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 98.3%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.55 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 \cdot \left(1 + x \cdot -4\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 98.8% accurate, 0.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 0.58\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-12 + x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 \cdot \left(1 + x \cdot -4\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -0.58) (not (<= x 0.58)))
   (* x (+ -12.0 (* x 9.0)))
   (* 3.0 (+ 1.0 (* x -4.0)))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.58)) {
		tmp = x * (-12.0 + (x * 9.0));
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 * (1.0 + (x * -4.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-0.58d0)) .or. (.not. (x <= 0.58d0))) then
        tmp = x * ((-12.0d0) + (x * 9.0d0))
    else
        tmp = 3.0d0 * (1.0d0 + (x * (-4.0d0)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.58)) {
		tmp = x * (-12.0 + (x * 9.0));
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 * (1.0 + (x * -4.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -0.58) or not (x <= 0.58):
		tmp = x * (-12.0 + (x * 9.0))
	else:
		tmp = 3.0 * (1.0 + (x * -4.0))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.58))
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(-12.0 + Float64(x * 9.0)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(3.0 * Float64(1.0 + Float64(x * -4.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || ~((x <= 0.58)))
		tmp = x * (-12.0 + (x * 9.0));
	else
		tmp = 3.0 * (1.0 + (x * -4.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -0.58], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 0.58]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x * N[(-12.0 + N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(3.0 * N[(1.0 + N[(x * -4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -0.57999999999999996 or 0.57999999999999996 < x

   1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-12 \cdot x + 9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 98.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{9 \cdot {x}^{2} + -12 \cdot x} \]

      2. add-sqr-sqrt 98.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}} + -12 \cdot x \]

      3. fma-define 98.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}, \sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}, -12 \cdot x\right)} \]

      4. sqrt-prod 98.4%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{{x}^{2}}}, \sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      5. metadata-eval 98.4%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{{x}^{2}}, \sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      6. sqrt-pow1 49.8%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(3 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{2}{2}\right)}}, \sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      7. metadata-eval 49.8%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(3 \cdot {x}^{\color{blue}{1}}, \sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      8. pow1 49.8%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(3 \cdot \color{blue}{x}, \sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      9. *-commutative 49.8%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{x \cdot 3}, \sqrt{9 \cdot {x}^{2}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      10. sqrt-prod 49.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, \color{blue}{\sqrt{9} \cdot \sqrt{{x}^{2}}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      11. metadata-eval 49.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, \color{blue}{3} \cdot \sqrt{{x}^{2}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      12. sqrt-pow1 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{\left(\frac{2}{2}\right)}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      13. metadata-eval 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, 3 \cdot {x}^{\color{blue}{1}}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      14. pow1 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{x}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      15. *-commutative 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x \cdot 3, \color{blue}{x \cdot 3}, -12 \cdot x\right) \]

      16. fma-define 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]

      17. metadata-eval 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot -4\right)} \cdot x \]

      18. associate-*r* 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(-4 \cdot x\right)} \]

      19. *-commutative 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot -4\right)} \]

      20. associate-*r* 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot x\right) \cdot -4} \]

      21. *-commutative 98.3%

          \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right)} \cdot -4 \]

      22. distribute-lft-in 99.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + -4\right)} \]

      23. fma-undefine 99.2%

          \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right)} \]

      24. *-commutative 99.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3, -4\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-12 \cdot x + 9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 98.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{9 \cdot {x}^{2} + -12 \cdot x} \]

      2. *-commutative 98.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} + -12 \cdot x \]

      3. unpow2 98.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 + -12 \cdot x \]

      4. associate-*r* 98.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      5. metadata-eval 98.4%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      6. associate-*l* 98.4%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      7. *-commutative 98.4%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{x \cdot -12} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out 99.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3 + -12\right)} \]

      9. associate-*l* 99.2%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + -12\right) \]

      10. metadata-eval 99.2%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(x \cdot \color{blue}{9} + -12\right) \]

   8. Simplified 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9 + -12\right)} \]

   if -0.57999999999999996 < x < 0.57999999999999996

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.7%

      \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{-4 \cdot x} + 1\right) \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 0.58\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-12 + x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 \cdot \left(1 + x \cdot -4\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 97.6% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 0.195\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -0.58) (not (<= x 0.195))) (* x (* x 9.0)) 3.0))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.195)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-0.58d0)) .or. (.not. (x <= 0.195d0))) then
        tmp = x * (x * 9.0d0)
    else
        tmp = 3.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.195)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -0.58) or not (x <= 0.195):
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0)
	else:
		tmp = 3.0
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.195))
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(x * 9.0));
	else
		tmp = 3.0;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || ~((x <= 0.195)))
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	else
		tmp = 3.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -0.58], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 0.195]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x * N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 3.0]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -0.57999999999999996 or 0.19500000000000001 < x

   1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} \]

   5. Simplified 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 \]

      2. metadata-eval 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right)} \]

      3. swap-sqr 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} \]

      4. pow2 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot 3\right)}^{2}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot 3\right)}^{2}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow-prod-down 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot {3}^{2}} \]

      2. metadata-eval 98.0%

         \[\leadsto {x}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{9} \]

      3. unpow2 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 \]

      4. associate-*r* 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)} \]

      5. *-commutative 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \]

   9. Applied egg-rr 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \]

   if -0.57999999999999996 < x < 0.19500000000000001

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 97.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 97.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 0.195\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 98.2% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.55 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 + x \cdot -12\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -1.55) (not (<= x 1.0))) (* x (* x 9.0)) (+ 3.0 (* x -12.0))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-1.55d0)) .or. (.not. (x <= 1.0d0))) then
        tmp = x * (x * 9.0d0)
    else
        tmp = 3.0d0 + (x * (-12.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -1.55) or not (x <= 1.0):
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0)
	else:
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0))
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(x * 9.0));
	else
		tmp = Float64(3.0 + Float64(x * -12.0));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || ~((x <= 1.0)))
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	else
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.55], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x * N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(3.0 + N[(x * -12.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -1.55000000000000004 or 1 < x

   1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} \]

   5. Simplified 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 \]

      2. metadata-eval 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right)} \]

      3. swap-sqr 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} \]

      4. pow2 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot 3\right)}^{2}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot 3\right)}^{2}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow-prod-down 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot {3}^{2}} \]

      2. metadata-eval 98.0%

         \[\leadsto {x}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{9} \]

      3. unpow2 98.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 \]

      4. associate-*r* 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)} \]

      5. *-commutative 97.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \]

   9. Applied egg-rr 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \]

   if -1.55000000000000004 < x < 1

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + -12 \cdot x} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 98.7%

         \[\leadsto 3 + \color{blue}{x \cdot -12} \]

   5. Simplified 98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + x \cdot -12} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 98.3%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.55 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 + x \cdot -12\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 3.0 (+ (- (* x (* x 3.0)) (* x 4.0)) 1.0)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * (((x * (x * 3.0)) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0 * (((x * (x * 3.0d0)) - (x * 4.0d0)) + 1.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * (((x * (x * 3.0)) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0 * (((x * (x * 3.0)) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0)

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(3.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(x * Float64(x * 3.0)) - Float64(x * 4.0)) + 1.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0 * (((x * (x * 3.0)) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(3.0 * N[(N[(N[(x * N[(x * 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Final simplification 99.5%

   \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 50.2% accurate, 13.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 3.0)

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0;
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0

Julia

function code(x)
	return 3.0
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := 3.0

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 51.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3} \]

4. Final simplification 51.1%

   \[\leadsto 3 \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.7% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 + \left(\left(9 \cdot x\right) \cdot x - 12 \cdot x\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (+ 3.0 (- (* (* 9.0 x) x) (* 12.0 x))))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 + (((9.0 * x) * x) - (12.0 * x));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0 + (((9.0d0 * x) * x) - (12.0d0 * x))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 + (((9.0 * x) * x) - (12.0 * x));
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0 + (((9.0 * x) * x) - (12.0 * x))

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(3.0 + Float64(Float64(Float64(9.0 * x) * x) - Float64(12.0 * x)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0 + (((9.0 * x) * x) - (12.0 * x));
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(3.0 + N[(N[(N[(9.0 * x), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] - N[(12.0 * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024047 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "Diagrams.Tangent:$catParam from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3, D"
  :precision binary64

  :alt
  (+ 3.0 (- (* (* 9.0 x) x) (* 12.0 x)))

  (* 3.0 (+ (- (* (* x 3.0) x) (* x 4.0)) 1.0)))