
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ r (- s)))) (* r (* s (* 2.0 PI)))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0))))) (* (* PI (* r s)) 6.0))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((r / -s))) / (r * (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI))))) + ((0.75f * expf((r / (s * -3.0f)))) / ((((float) M_PI) * (r * s)) * 6.0f));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s)))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0)))))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * s)) * Float32(6.0)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((r / -s))) / (r * (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi))))) + ((single(0.75) * exp((r / (s * -single(3.0))))) / ((single(pi) * (r * s)) * single(6.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)\right) \cdot 6}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
associate-*r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.75 (* s (* PI 6.0))) (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) r)) (* 0.25 (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) (* r (* s (* 2.0 PI)))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.75f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f))) * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / r)) + (0.25f * (expf((r / -s)) / (r * (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / r)) + Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.75) / (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / r)) + (single(0.25) * (exp((r / -s)) / (r * (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.75}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r} + 0.25 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* 0.25 (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) (* PI (* 2.0 (* r s))))) (* (/ 0.75 (* s (* PI 6.0))) (/ (exp (/ r (* s (- 3.0)))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f * (expf((r / -s)) / (((float) M_PI) * (2.0f * (r * s))))) + ((0.75f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f))) * (expf((r / (s * -3.0f))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(r * s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(s * Float32(-Float32(3.0))))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) * (exp((r / -s)) / (single(pi) * (single(2.0) * (r * s))))) + ((single(0.75) / (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))) * (exp((r / (s * -single(3.0)))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.25 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s \cdot \left(-3\right)}}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* 0.25 (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) (* PI (* 2.0 (* r s))))) (* 0.125 (/ (exp (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) (* r (* s PI))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f * (expf((r / -s)) / (((float) M_PI) * (2.0f * (r * s))))) + (0.125f * (expf(((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(r * s))))) + Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) * (exp((r / -s)) / (single(pi) * (single(2.0) * (r * s))))) + (single(0.125) * (exp(((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / (r * (s * single(pi))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.25 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)\right)} + 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ (* 0.75 (/ 0.16666666666666666 s)) PI) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.75f * (0.16666666666666666f / s)) / ((float) M_PI)) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / s)) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.75) * (single(0.16666666666666666) / s)) / single(pi)) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.75 \cdot \frac{0.16666666666666666}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
associate-/r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
div-inv99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-/r*99.7%
metadata-eval99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
associate-*l/99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (* r (/ -0.3333333333333333 s))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf((r * (-0.3333333333333333f / s))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(r * Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / s))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp((r * (single(-0.3333333333333333) / s))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{r \cdot \frac{-0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l/99.7%
associate-*r/99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Final simplification99.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (fma (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (/ 0.125 r) (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return fmaf((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))), (expf((r / -s)) / r), ((0.125f / r) / (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r) return fma(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))), Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r), Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / r) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}, \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r}, \frac{\frac{0.125}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.8%
fma-define99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg299.8%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
add09.2%
*-commutative9.2%
associate-/r*9.2%
associate-/r*9.2%
Applied egg-rr9.2%
associate-/l/9.2%
add09.2%
Simplified9.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 9.2%
associate-/r*9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* 0.25 (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) (* PI (* 2.0 (* r s))))) (/ 0.125 (* r (* s PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f * (expf((r / -s)) / (((float) M_PI) * (2.0f * (r * s))))) + (0.125f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(r * s))))) + Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) * (exp((r / -s)) / (single(pi) * (single(2.0) * (r * s))))) + (single(0.125) / (r * (s * single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.25 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(r \cdot s\right)\right)} + \frac{0.125}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* 0.25 (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) (* r (* s (* 2.0 PI))))) (/ 0.125 (* r (* s PI)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f * (expf((r / -s)) / (r * (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))))) + (0.125f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))))) + Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) * (exp((r / -s)) / (r * (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))))) + (single(0.125) / (r * (s * single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.25 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} + \frac{0.125}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
associate-/l*99.7%
distribute-frac-neg99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
times-frac99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.7%
associate-/r*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
associate-*r*99.7%
*-commutative99.7%
associate-*l*99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
associate-*r*9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
associate-*r*9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
associate-*r*9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (exp (/ r s)) r)) (/ (/ 0.125 s) (* r PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (expf((r / s)) / r)) + ((0.125f / s) / (r * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(exp(Float32(r / s)) / r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) / Float32(r * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (exp((r / s)) / r)) + ((single(0.125) / s) / (r * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{r \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.8%
fma-define99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg299.8%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
frac-2neg9.2%
distribute-frac-neg29.2%
add-sqr-sqrt9.2%
sqrt-unprod9.2%
sqr-neg9.2%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt4.4%
distribute-lft-neg-in4.4%
frac-2neg4.4%
*-commutative4.4%
associate-/r*4.4%
associate-/r*4.4%
Applied egg-rr4.4%
fma-undefine4.4%
*-commutative4.4%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod4.6%
sqr-neg4.6%
sqrt-unprod4.6%
add-sqr-sqrt4.6%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod7.1%
sqr-neg7.1%
sqrt-unprod7.1%
add-sqr-sqrt7.1%
associate-/l/7.1%
Applied egg-rr7.1%
Final simplification7.1%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (* 0.125 (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) (* r PI)) (/ -1.0 (* r PI)))) s))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f * ((expf((r / -s)) / (r * ((float) M_PI))) + (-1.0f / (r * ((float) M_PI))))) / s;
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(r * Float32(pi))))) / s) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) * ((exp((r / -s)) / (r * single(pi))) + (single(-1.0) / (r * single(pi))))) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125 \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r \cdot \pi} + \frac{-1}{r \cdot \pi}\right)}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.8%
fma-define99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg299.8%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
frac-2neg9.2%
distribute-frac-neg29.2%
add-sqr-sqrt9.2%
sqrt-unprod9.2%
sqr-neg9.2%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt4.4%
distribute-lft-neg-in4.4%
frac-2neg4.4%
*-commutative4.4%
associate-/r*4.4%
associate-/r*4.4%
Applied egg-rr4.4%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 4.4%
distribute-lft-out--4.4%
mul-1-neg4.4%
Simplified4.4%
Final simplification4.4%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ -0.125 (* PI (* s s))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return -0.125f / (((float) M_PI) * (s * s));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(-0.125) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * s))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(-0.125) / (single(pi) * (s * s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{-0.125}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot s\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.7%
times-frac99.8%
fma-define99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
*-commutative99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg299.8%
times-frac99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.2%
frac-2neg9.2%
distribute-frac-neg29.2%
add-sqr-sqrt9.2%
sqrt-unprod9.2%
sqr-neg9.2%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt4.4%
distribute-lft-neg-in4.4%
frac-2neg4.4%
*-commutative4.4%
associate-/r*4.4%
associate-/r*4.4%
Applied egg-rr4.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 3.7%
unpow23.7%
Applied egg-rr3.7%
Final simplification3.7%
herbie shell --seed 2024046
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))