
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (- (+ (pow (+ (* a a) (* b b)) 2.0) (* 4.0 (+ (* (* a a) (- 1.0 a)) (* (* b b) (+ 3.0 a))))) 1.0))
double code(double a, double b) {
return (pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0 + a))))) - 1.0;
}
real(8) function code(a, b)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
code = ((((a * a) + (b * b)) ** 2.0d0) + (4.0d0 * (((a * a) * (1.0d0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0d0 + a))))) - 1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double a, double b) {
return (Math.pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0 + a))))) - 1.0;
}
def code(a, b): return (math.pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0 + a))))) - 1.0
function code(a, b) return Float64(Float64((Float64(Float64(a * a) + Float64(b * b)) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(a * a) * Float64(1.0 - a)) + Float64(Float64(b * b) * Float64(3.0 + a))))) - 1.0) end
function tmp = code(a, b) tmp = ((((a * a) + (b * b)) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0 + a))))) - 1.0; end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[Power[N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(3.0 + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left({\left(a \cdot a + b \cdot b\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(1 - a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(3 + a\right)\right)\right) - 1
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 3 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (- (+ (pow (+ (* a a) (* b b)) 2.0) (* 4.0 (+ (* (* a a) (- 1.0 a)) (* (* b b) (+ 3.0 a))))) 1.0))
double code(double a, double b) {
return (pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0 + a))))) - 1.0;
}
real(8) function code(a, b)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
code = ((((a * a) + (b * b)) ** 2.0d0) + (4.0d0 * (((a * a) * (1.0d0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0d0 + a))))) - 1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double a, double b) {
return (Math.pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0 + a))))) - 1.0;
}
def code(a, b): return (math.pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0 + a))))) - 1.0
function code(a, b) return Float64(Float64((Float64(Float64(a * a) + Float64(b * b)) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(a * a) * Float64(1.0 - a)) + Float64(Float64(b * b) * Float64(3.0 + a))))) - 1.0) end
function tmp = code(a, b) tmp = ((((a * a) + (b * b)) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (3.0 + a))))) - 1.0; end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[Power[N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(3.0 + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left({\left(a \cdot a + b \cdot b\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(1 - a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(3 + a\right)\right)\right) - 1
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0
(+
(pow (+ (* a a) (* b b)) 2.0)
(* 4.0 (+ (* (* a a) (- 1.0 a)) (* (* b b) (+ a 3.0)))))))
(if (<= t_0 INFINITY) (+ t_0 -1.0) (pow a 4.0))))
double code(double a, double b) {
double t_0 = pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (a + 3.0))));
double tmp;
if (t_0 <= ((double) INFINITY)) {
tmp = t_0 + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = pow(a, 4.0);
}
return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
double t_0 = Math.pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (a + 3.0))));
double tmp;
if (t_0 <= Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
tmp = t_0 + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = Math.pow(a, 4.0);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b): t_0 = math.pow(((a * a) + (b * b)), 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (a + 3.0)))) tmp = 0 if t_0 <= math.inf: tmp = t_0 + -1.0 else: tmp = math.pow(a, 4.0) return tmp
function code(a, b) t_0 = Float64((Float64(Float64(a * a) + Float64(b * b)) ^ 2.0) + Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(a * a) * Float64(1.0 - a)) + Float64(Float64(b * b) * Float64(a + 3.0))))) tmp = 0.0 if (t_0 <= Inf) tmp = Float64(t_0 + -1.0); else tmp = a ^ 4.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b) t_0 = (((a * a) + (b * b)) ^ 2.0) + (4.0 * (((a * a) * (1.0 - a)) + ((b * b) * (a + 3.0)))); tmp = 0.0; if (t_0 <= Inf) tmp = t_0 + -1.0; else tmp = a ^ 4.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Power[N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t$95$0, Infinity], N[(t$95$0 + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[Power[a, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := {\left(a \cdot a + b \cdot b\right)}^{2} + 4 \cdot \left(\left(a \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(1 - a\right) + \left(b \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a + 3\right)\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_0 \leq \infty:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 + -1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;{a}^{4}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if (+.f64 (pow.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 a a) (*.f64 b b)) 2) (*.f64 4 (+.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 a a) (-.f64 1 a)) (*.f64 (*.f64 b b) (+.f64 3 a))))) < +inf.0Initial program 99.9%
if +inf.0 < (+.f64 (pow.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 a a) (*.f64 b b)) 2) (*.f64 4 (+.f64 (*.f64 (*.f64 a a) (-.f64 1 a)) (*.f64 (*.f64 b b) (+.f64 3 a))))) Initial program 0.0%
associate--l+0.0%
sqr-pow0.0%
sqr-pow0.0%
fma-define0.0%
sqr-neg0.0%
Simplified6.2%
Taylor expanded in a around inf 95.6%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (if (<= b 21000000.0) (pow a 4.0) (pow b 4.0)))
double code(double a, double b) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 21000000.0) {
tmp = pow(a, 4.0);
} else {
tmp = pow(b, 4.0);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8) :: tmp
if (b <= 21000000.0d0) then
tmp = a ** 4.0d0
else
tmp = b ** 4.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b) {
double tmp;
if (b <= 21000000.0) {
tmp = Math.pow(a, 4.0);
} else {
tmp = Math.pow(b, 4.0);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(a, b): tmp = 0 if b <= 21000000.0: tmp = math.pow(a, 4.0) else: tmp = math.pow(b, 4.0) return tmp
function code(a, b) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= 21000000.0) tmp = a ^ 4.0; else tmp = b ^ 4.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b) tmp = 0.0; if (b <= 21000000.0) tmp = a ^ 4.0; else tmp = b ^ 4.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 21000000.0], N[Power[a, 4.0], $MachinePrecision], N[Power[b, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 21000000:\\
\;\;\;\;{a}^{4}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;{b}^{4}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if b < 2.1e7Initial program 76.9%
associate--l+76.9%
sqr-pow76.9%
sqr-pow76.9%
fma-define76.9%
sqr-neg76.9%
Simplified76.9%
Taylor expanded in a around inf 46.7%
if 2.1e7 < b Initial program 68.8%
associate--l+68.8%
sqr-pow68.8%
sqr-pow68.8%
fma-define68.8%
sqr-neg68.8%
Simplified74.2%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 96.1%
Final simplification61.0%
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (pow a 4.0))
double code(double a, double b) {
return pow(a, 4.0);
}
real(8) function code(a, b)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
code = a ** 4.0d0
end function
public static double code(double a, double b) {
return Math.pow(a, 4.0);
}
def code(a, b): return math.pow(a, 4.0)
function code(a, b) return a ^ 4.0 end
function tmp = code(a, b) tmp = a ^ 4.0; end
code[a_, b_] := N[Power[a, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{a}^{4}
\end{array}
Initial program 74.5%
associate--l+74.5%
sqr-pow74.5%
sqr-pow74.5%
fma-define74.5%
sqr-neg74.5%
Simplified76.1%
Taylor expanded in a around inf 43.2%
Final simplification43.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024044
(FPCore (a b)
:name "Bouland and Aaronson, Equation (24)"
:precision binary64
(- (+ (pow (+ (* a a) (* b b)) 2.0) (* 4.0 (+ (* (* a a) (- 1.0 a)) (* (* b b) (+ 3.0 a))))) 1.0))