
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))
(* (- s) (log (/ (+ (pow t_0 -2.0) -1.0) (- (/ 1.0 t_0) -1.0))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = (u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))));
return -s * logf(((powf(t_0, -2.0f) + -1.0f) / ((1.0f / t_0) - -1.0f)));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32((t_0 ^ Float32(-2.0)) + Float32(-1.0)) / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / t_0) - Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = (u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))); tmp = -s * log((((t_0 ^ single(-2.0)) + single(-1.0)) / ((single(1.0) / t_0) - single(-1.0)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{{t\_0}^{-2} + -1}{\frac{1}{t\_0} - -1}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
flip-+99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (pow E (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + powf(((float) M_E), (((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + (Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ (single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + {e}^{\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (- (/ PI s))))) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf(-(((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp(-(single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{-\frac{\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/ 1.0 (+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s))))) (/ (* s (- 1.0 u)) PI)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((s * (1.0f - u)) / ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(s * Float32(Float32(1.0) - u)) / Float32(pi))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((s * (single(1.0) - u)) / single(pi)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{s \cdot \left(1 - u\right)}{\pi}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 85.5%
+-commutative85.5%
Simplified85.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 85.5%
Final simplification85.5%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/ 1.0 (- (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s))))) (/ u (+ (/ PI s) 2.0))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) - (u / ((((float) M_PI) / s) + 2.0f))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) - Float32(u / Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) + Float32(2.0)))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) - (u / ((single(pi) / s) + single(2.0))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} - \frac{u}{\frac{\pi}{s} + 2}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 85.5%
+-commutative85.5%
Simplified85.5%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 93.9%
metadata-eval93.9%
associate-+r+93.9%
associate-*r/93.9%
neg-mul-193.9%
associate-+r+93.9%
metadata-eval93.9%
Simplified93.9%
Final simplification93.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(+ 1.0 (* (/ PI s) 1.3333333333333333))
(*
-1.3333333333333333
(/ (- (+ (* (* u PI) -0.25) (* PI 0.25)) (* 0.25 (* u PI))) s)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f + ((((float) M_PI) / s) * 1.3333333333333333f)) + (-1.3333333333333333f * (((((u * ((float) M_PI)) * -0.25f) + (((float) M_PI) * 0.25f)) - (0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI)))) / s))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) * Float32(1.3333333333333333))) + Float32(Float32(-1.3333333333333333) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(0.25))) - Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi)))) / s)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) + ((single(pi) / s) * single(1.3333333333333333))) + (single(-1.3333333333333333) * (((((u * single(pi)) * single(-0.25)) + (single(pi) * single(0.25))) - (single(0.25) * (u * single(pi)))) / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s} \cdot 1.3333333333333333\right) + -1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{\left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 + \pi \cdot 0.25\right) - 0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right)}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
flip-+99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
*-commutative25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Final simplification25.1%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
1.0
(* 4.0 (/ (- (* (* u PI) -0.25) (+ (* 0.25 (* u PI)) (* PI -0.25))) s))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((1.0f + (4.0f * ((((u * ((float) M_PI)) * -0.25f) - ((0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) + (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f))) / s))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.25)) - Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)))) / s))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(1.0) + (single(4.0) * ((((u * single(pi)) * single(-0.25)) - ((single(0.25) * (u * single(pi))) + (single(pi) * single(-0.25)))) / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 + 4 \cdot \frac{\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 - \left(0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) + \pi \cdot -0.25\right)}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
Final simplification24.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (+ (* PI (+ 0.25 (* u -0.25))) (* u (* PI -0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * (0.25f + (u * -0.25f))) + (u * (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)))) + Float32(u * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * ((single(pi) * (single(0.25) + (u * single(-0.25)))) + (u * (single(pi) * single(-0.25)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(0.25 + u \cdot -0.25\right) + u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.25\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
associate-*r*12.0%
distribute-rgt-out12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
associate-*l*12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (+ (* PI -0.25) (* (* u PI) 0.5))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * -0.25f) + ((u * ((float) M_PI)) * 0.5f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.5)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(4.0) * ((single(pi) * single(-0.25)) + ((u * single(pi)) * single(0.5))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.25 + \left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
distribute-rgt-out--12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (* PI (+ -0.25 (* u 0.5)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (-0.25f + (u * 0.5f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(0.5))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(4.0) * (single(pi) * (single(-0.25) + (u * single(0.5)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(-0.25 + u \cdot 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
distribute-rgt-out--12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
associate-*r*12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
distribute-rgt-out12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.7%
neg-mul-111.7%
Simplified11.7%
Final simplification11.7%
herbie shell --seed 2024040
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))