
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor h) dX.v))
(t_1 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_2 (* (floor w) dX.u))
(t_3 (+ (* t_2 t_2) (* t_0 t_0)))
(t_4 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_5 (+ (* t_1 t_1) (* t_4 t_4)))
(t_6 (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax t_3 t_5)))))
(if (>= t_3 t_5) (* t_6 t_2) (* t_6 t_1))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(h) * dX_46_v;
float t_1 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_2 = floorf(w) * dX_46_u;
float t_3 = (t_2 * t_2) + (t_0 * t_0);
float t_4 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_5 = (t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4);
float t_6 = 1.0f / sqrtf(fmaxf(t_3, t_5));
float tmp;
if (t_3 >= t_5) {
tmp = t_6 * t_2;
} else {
tmp = t_6 * t_1;
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(h) * dX_46_v) t_1 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_2 = Float32(floor(w) * dX_46_u) t_3 = Float32(Float32(t_2 * t_2) + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) t_4 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_5 = Float32(Float32(t_1 * t_1) + Float32(t_4 * t_4)) t_6 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sqrt(((t_3 != t_3) ? t_5 : ((t_5 != t_5) ? t_3 : max(t_3, t_5))))) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (t_3 >= t_5) tmp = Float32(t_6 * t_2); else tmp = Float32(t_6 * t_1); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = floor(h) * dX_46_v; t_1 = floor(w) * dY_46_u; t_2 = floor(w) * dX_46_u; t_3 = (t_2 * t_2) + (t_0 * t_0); t_4 = floor(h) * dY_46_v; t_5 = (t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4); t_6 = single(1.0) / sqrt(max(t_3, t_5)); tmp = single(0.0); if (t_3 >= t_5) tmp = t_6 * t_2; else tmp = t_6 * t_1; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dX.v\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_2 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dX.u\\
t_3 := t\_2 \cdot t\_2 + t\_0 \cdot t\_0\\
t_4 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_5 := t\_1 \cdot t\_1 + t\_4 \cdot t\_4\\
t_6 := \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(t\_3, t\_5\right)}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_3 \geq t\_5:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_6 \cdot t\_2\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_6 \cdot t\_1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 3 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor h) dX.v))
(t_1 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_2 (* (floor w) dX.u))
(t_3 (+ (* t_2 t_2) (* t_0 t_0)))
(t_4 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_5 (+ (* t_1 t_1) (* t_4 t_4)))
(t_6 (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax t_3 t_5)))))
(if (>= t_3 t_5) (* t_6 t_2) (* t_6 t_1))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(h) * dX_46_v;
float t_1 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_2 = floorf(w) * dX_46_u;
float t_3 = (t_2 * t_2) + (t_0 * t_0);
float t_4 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_5 = (t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4);
float t_6 = 1.0f / sqrtf(fmaxf(t_3, t_5));
float tmp;
if (t_3 >= t_5) {
tmp = t_6 * t_2;
} else {
tmp = t_6 * t_1;
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(h) * dX_46_v) t_1 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_2 = Float32(floor(w) * dX_46_u) t_3 = Float32(Float32(t_2 * t_2) + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) t_4 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_5 = Float32(Float32(t_1 * t_1) + Float32(t_4 * t_4)) t_6 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sqrt(((t_3 != t_3) ? t_5 : ((t_5 != t_5) ? t_3 : max(t_3, t_5))))) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (t_3 >= t_5) tmp = Float32(t_6 * t_2); else tmp = Float32(t_6 * t_1); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = floor(h) * dX_46_v; t_1 = floor(w) * dY_46_u; t_2 = floor(w) * dX_46_u; t_3 = (t_2 * t_2) + (t_0 * t_0); t_4 = floor(h) * dY_46_v; t_5 = (t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4); t_6 = single(1.0) / sqrt(max(t_3, t_5)); tmp = single(0.0); if (t_3 >= t_5) tmp = t_6 * t_2; else tmp = t_6 * t_1; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dX.v\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_2 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dX.u\\
t_3 := t\_2 \cdot t\_2 + t\_0 \cdot t\_0\\
t_4 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_5 := t\_1 \cdot t\_1 + t\_4 \cdot t\_4\\
t_6 := \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(t\_3, t\_5\right)}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_3 \geq t\_5:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_6 \cdot t\_2\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_6 \cdot t\_1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor h) dX.v))
(t_1 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_2 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_3 (pow (hypot t_2 t_1) 2.0))
(t_4 (* (floor w) dX.u)))
(if (>=
(fma
(floor w)
(* (floor w) (* dX.u dX.u))
(* (floor h) (* (floor h) (* dX.v dX.v))))
(fma (floor h) (* dY.v t_1) (* dY.u (* dY.u (* (floor w) (floor w))))))
(/
t_4
(sqrt
(fmax (fma (floor w) (* (floor w) (pow dX.u 2.0)) (pow t_0 2.0)) t_3)))
(/ t_2 (sqrt (fmax (pow (hypot t_0 t_4) 2.0) t_3))))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(h) * dX_46_v;
float t_1 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_2 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_3 = powf(hypotf(t_2, t_1), 2.0f);
float t_4 = floorf(w) * dX_46_u;
float tmp;
if (fmaf(floorf(w), (floorf(w) * (dX_46_u * dX_46_u)), (floorf(h) * (floorf(h) * (dX_46_v * dX_46_v)))) >= fmaf(floorf(h), (dY_46_v * t_1), (dY_46_u * (dY_46_u * (floorf(w) * floorf(w)))))) {
tmp = t_4 / sqrtf(fmaxf(fmaf(floorf(w), (floorf(w) * powf(dX_46_u, 2.0f)), powf(t_0, 2.0f)), t_3));
} else {
tmp = t_2 / sqrtf(fmaxf(powf(hypotf(t_0, t_4), 2.0f), t_3));
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(h) * dX_46_v) t_1 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_2 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_3 = hypot(t_2, t_1) ^ Float32(2.0) t_4 = Float32(floor(w) * dX_46_u) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (fma(floor(w), Float32(floor(w) * Float32(dX_46_u * dX_46_u)), Float32(floor(h) * Float32(floor(h) * Float32(dX_46_v * dX_46_v)))) >= fma(floor(h), Float32(dY_46_v * t_1), Float32(dY_46_u * Float32(dY_46_u * Float32(floor(w) * floor(w)))))) tmp = Float32(t_4 / sqrt(((fma(floor(w), Float32(floor(w) * (dX_46_u ^ Float32(2.0))), (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0))) != fma(floor(w), Float32(floor(w) * (dX_46_u ^ Float32(2.0))), (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0)))) ? t_3 : ((t_3 != t_3) ? fma(floor(w), Float32(floor(w) * (dX_46_u ^ Float32(2.0))), (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0))) : max(fma(floor(w), Float32(floor(w) * (dX_46_u ^ Float32(2.0))), (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0))), t_3))))); else tmp = Float32(t_2 / sqrt((((hypot(t_0, t_4) ^ Float32(2.0)) != (hypot(t_0, t_4) ^ Float32(2.0))) ? t_3 : ((t_3 != t_3) ? (hypot(t_0, t_4) ^ Float32(2.0)) : max((hypot(t_0, t_4) ^ Float32(2.0)), t_3))))); end return tmp end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dX.v\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_2 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_3 := {\left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(t\_2, t\_1\right)\right)}^{2}\\
t_4 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dX.u\\
\mathbf{if}\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\left\lfloorw\right\rfloor, \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot \left(dX.u \cdot dX.u\right), \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot \left(\left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot \left(dX.v \cdot dX.v\right)\right)\right) \geq \mathsf{fma}\left(\left\lfloorh\right\rfloor, dY.v \cdot t\_1, dY.u \cdot \left(dY.u \cdot \left(\left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor\right)\right)\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{t\_4}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left\lfloorw\right\rfloor, \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot {dX.u}^{2}, {t\_0}^{2}\right), t\_3\right)}}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{t\_2}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left({\left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(t\_0, t\_4\right)\right)}^{2}, t\_3\right)}}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 78.5%
Simplified78.4%
Applied egg-rr78.2%
pow1/278.2%
Applied egg-rr78.3%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
unpow1/278.5%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
Final simplification78.5%
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor w) dX.u))
(t_1 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_2 (* (floor h) dX.v))
(t_3 (pow t_2 2.0))
(t_4 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_5 (pow (hypot t_1 t_4) 2.0)))
(if (>= (+ t_3 (* t_0 t_0)) (+ (* t_1 t_1) (* t_4 t_4)))
(* t_0 (/ 1.0 (pow (fmax (+ t_3 (pow t_0 2.0)) t_5) 0.5)))
(* t_1 (/ 1.0 (pow (fmax (pow (hypot t_0 t_2) 2.0) t_5) 0.5))))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(w) * dX_46_u;
float t_1 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_2 = floorf(h) * dX_46_v;
float t_3 = powf(t_2, 2.0f);
float t_4 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_5 = powf(hypotf(t_1, t_4), 2.0f);
float tmp;
if ((t_3 + (t_0 * t_0)) >= ((t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4))) {
tmp = t_0 * (1.0f / powf(fmaxf((t_3 + powf(t_0, 2.0f)), t_5), 0.5f));
} else {
tmp = t_1 * (1.0f / powf(fmaxf(powf(hypotf(t_0, t_2), 2.0f), t_5), 0.5f));
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(w) * dX_46_u) t_1 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_2 = Float32(floor(h) * dX_46_v) t_3 = t_2 ^ Float32(2.0) t_4 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_5 = hypot(t_1, t_4) ^ Float32(2.0) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (Float32(t_3 + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) >= Float32(Float32(t_1 * t_1) + Float32(t_4 * t_4))) tmp = Float32(t_0 * Float32(Float32(1.0) / (((Float32(t_3 + (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0))) != Float32(t_3 + (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0)))) ? t_5 : ((t_5 != t_5) ? Float32(t_3 + (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0))) : max(Float32(t_3 + (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0))), t_5))) ^ Float32(0.5)))); else tmp = Float32(t_1 * Float32(Float32(1.0) / ((((hypot(t_0, t_2) ^ Float32(2.0)) != (hypot(t_0, t_2) ^ Float32(2.0))) ? t_5 : ((t_5 != t_5) ? (hypot(t_0, t_2) ^ Float32(2.0)) : max((hypot(t_0, t_2) ^ Float32(2.0)), t_5))) ^ Float32(0.5)))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = floor(w) * dX_46_u; t_1 = floor(w) * dY_46_u; t_2 = floor(h) * dX_46_v; t_3 = t_2 ^ single(2.0); t_4 = floor(h) * dY_46_v; t_5 = hypot(t_1, t_4) ^ single(2.0); tmp = single(0.0); if ((t_3 + (t_0 * t_0)) >= ((t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4))) tmp = t_0 * (single(1.0) / (max((t_3 + (t_0 ^ single(2.0))), t_5) ^ single(0.5))); else tmp = t_1 * (single(1.0) / (max((hypot(t_0, t_2) ^ single(2.0)), t_5) ^ single(0.5))); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dX.u\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_2 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dX.v\\
t_3 := {t\_2}^{2}\\
t_4 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_5 := {\left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(t\_1, t\_4\right)\right)}^{2}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t\_3 + t\_0 \cdot t\_0 \geq t\_1 \cdot t\_1 + t\_4 \cdot t\_4:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot \frac{1}{{\left(\mathsf{max}\left(t\_3 + {t\_0}^{2}, t\_5\right)\right)}^{0.5}}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 \cdot \frac{1}{{\left(\mathsf{max}\left({\left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(t\_0, t\_2\right)\right)}^{2}, t\_5\right)\right)}^{0.5}}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 78.5%
pow1/278.5%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
pow1/278.5%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
pow278.5%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
add-sqr-sqrt78.1%
sqrt-prod78.5%
pow278.5%
add-sqr-sqrt62.5%
sqrt-prod78.5%
pow278.5%
sqrt-prod78.4%
*-commutative78.4%
hypot-define78.4%
add-sqr-sqrt78.4%
pow278.4%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
Final simplification78.5%
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor w) dX.u))
(t_1 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_2 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_3 (* (floor h) dX.v))
(t_4
(/
1.0
(pow
(fmax (pow (hypot t_0 t_3) 2.0) (pow (hypot t_1 t_2) 2.0))
0.5))))
(if (>= (+ (pow t_3 2.0) (* t_0 t_0)) (+ (* t_1 t_1) (pow t_2 2.0)))
(* t_0 t_4)
(* t_1 t_4))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(w) * dX_46_u;
float t_1 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_2 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_3 = floorf(h) * dX_46_v;
float t_4 = 1.0f / powf(fmaxf(powf(hypotf(t_0, t_3), 2.0f), powf(hypotf(t_1, t_2), 2.0f)), 0.5f);
float tmp;
if ((powf(t_3, 2.0f) + (t_0 * t_0)) >= ((t_1 * t_1) + powf(t_2, 2.0f))) {
tmp = t_0 * t_4;
} else {
tmp = t_1 * t_4;
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(w) * dX_46_u) t_1 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_2 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_3 = Float32(floor(h) * dX_46_v) t_4 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / ((((hypot(t_0, t_3) ^ Float32(2.0)) != (hypot(t_0, t_3) ^ Float32(2.0))) ? (hypot(t_1, t_2) ^ Float32(2.0)) : (((hypot(t_1, t_2) ^ Float32(2.0)) != (hypot(t_1, t_2) ^ Float32(2.0))) ? (hypot(t_0, t_3) ^ Float32(2.0)) : max((hypot(t_0, t_3) ^ Float32(2.0)), (hypot(t_1, t_2) ^ Float32(2.0))))) ^ Float32(0.5))) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (Float32((t_3 ^ Float32(2.0)) + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) >= Float32(Float32(t_1 * t_1) + (t_2 ^ Float32(2.0)))) tmp = Float32(t_0 * t_4); else tmp = Float32(t_1 * t_4); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = floor(w) * dX_46_u; t_1 = floor(w) * dY_46_u; t_2 = floor(h) * dY_46_v; t_3 = floor(h) * dX_46_v; t_4 = single(1.0) / (max((hypot(t_0, t_3) ^ single(2.0)), (hypot(t_1, t_2) ^ single(2.0))) ^ single(0.5)); tmp = single(0.0); if (((t_3 ^ single(2.0)) + (t_0 * t_0)) >= ((t_1 * t_1) + (t_2 ^ single(2.0)))) tmp = t_0 * t_4; else tmp = t_1 * t_4; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dX.u\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_2 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_3 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dX.v\\
t_4 := \frac{1}{{\left(\mathsf{max}\left({\left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(t\_0, t\_3\right)\right)}^{2}, {\left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(t\_1, t\_2\right)\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}^{0.5}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;{t\_3}^{2} + t\_0 \cdot t\_0 \geq t\_1 \cdot t\_1 + {t\_2}^{2}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_0 \cdot t\_4\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 \cdot t\_4\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 78.5%
pow1/278.5%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
pow1/278.5%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
pow278.5%
Applied egg-rr78.5%
Taylor expanded in h around 0 78.5%
*-commutative78.5%
unpow278.5%
unpow278.5%
swap-sqr78.5%
unpow278.5%
Simplified78.5%
Final simplification78.5%
herbie shell --seed 2024040
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:name "Anisotropic x16 LOD (line direction, u)"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= 1.0 w) (<= w 16384.0)) (and (<= 1.0 h) (<= h 16384.0))) (and (<= 1e-20 (fabs dX.u)) (<= (fabs dX.u) 1e+20))) (and (<= 1e-20 (fabs dX.v)) (<= (fabs dX.v) 1e+20))) (and (<= 1e-20 (fabs dY.u)) (<= (fabs dY.u) 1e+20))) (and (<= 1e-20 (fabs dY.v)) (<= (fabs dY.v) 1e+20))) (== maxAniso 16.0))
(if (>= (+ (* (* (floor w) dX.u) (* (floor w) dX.u)) (* (* (floor h) dX.v) (* (floor h) dX.v))) (+ (* (* (floor w) dY.u) (* (floor w) dY.u)) (* (* (floor h) dY.v) (* (floor h) dY.v)))) (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax (+ (* (* (floor w) dX.u) (* (floor w) dX.u)) (* (* (floor h) dX.v) (* (floor h) dX.v))) (+ (* (* (floor w) dY.u) (* (floor w) dY.u)) (* (* (floor h) dY.v) (* (floor h) dY.v)))))) (* (floor w) dX.u)) (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax (+ (* (* (floor w) dX.u) (* (floor w) dX.u)) (* (* (floor h) dX.v) (* (floor h) dX.v))) (+ (* (* (floor w) dY.u) (* (floor w) dY.u)) (* (* (floor h) dY.v) (* (floor h) dY.v)))))) (* (floor w) dY.u))))