
(FPCore (x s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0))) (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
real(4) :: t_1
t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s)) t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1)) end
function tmp = code(x, s) t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s)); t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0; tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x s) :precision binary32 (let* ((t_0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))) (t_1 (+ 1.0 t_0))) (/ t_0 (* (* s t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float s) {
float t_0 = expf((-fabsf(x) / s));
float t_1 = 1.0f + t_0;
return t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1);
}
real(4) function code(x, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: t_0
real(4) :: t_1
t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s))
t_1 = 1.0e0 + t_0
code = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1)
end function
function code(x, s) t_0 = exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x)) / s)) t_1 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + t_0) return Float32(t_0 / Float32(Float32(s * t_1) * t_1)) end
function tmp = code(x, s) t_0 = exp((-abs(x) / s)); t_1 = single(1.0) + t_0; tmp = t_0 / ((s * t_1) * t_1); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\frac{-\left|x\right|}{s}}\\
t_1 := 1 + t\_0\\
\frac{t\_0}{\left(s \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot t\_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 1.0 (* (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x_m)) s))) (expm1 (log1p (* s (+ 1.0 (pow (exp 2.0) (/ x_m (* s 2.0))))))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 1.0f / ((1.0f + expf((-fabsf(x_m) / s))) * expm1f(log1pf((s * (1.0f + powf(expf(2.0f), (x_m / (s * 2.0f))))))));
}
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x_m)) / s))) * expm1(log1p(Float32(s * Float32(Float32(1.0) + (exp(Float32(2.0)) ^ Float32(x_m / Float32(s * Float32(2.0)))))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{1}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\_m\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(s \cdot \left(1 + {\left(e^{2}\right)}^{\left(\frac{x\_m}{s \cdot 2}\right)}\right)\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.2%
fma-udef99.2%
*-commutative99.2%
add-sqr-sqrt99.1%
sqrt-unprod94.8%
sqr-neg94.8%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt21.1%
frac-2neg21.1%
frac-2neg21.1%
+-commutative21.1%
distribute-rgt1-in21.1%
+-commutative21.1%
add-exp-log20.1%
log-prod20.1%
Applied egg-rr57.3%
expm1-log1p-u57.3%
exp-sum57.5%
add-exp-log58.6%
*-commutative58.6%
log1p-udef58.7%
rem-exp-log58.7%
Applied egg-rr58.7%
*-un-lft-identity58.7%
pow-exp58.6%
e-exp-158.6%
sqr-pow58.6%
pow-prod-down58.6%
e-exp-158.6%
e-exp-158.6%
prod-exp58.7%
metadata-eval58.7%
add-sqr-sqrt47.9%
fabs-sqr47.9%
add-sqr-sqrt99.2%
associate-/l/99.2%
add-sqr-sqrt47.9%
fabs-sqr47.9%
add-sqr-sqrt58.7%
Applied egg-rr58.7%
*-commutative58.7%
Simplified58.7%
Final simplification58.7%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (exp (/ (- x_m) s)) s) (pow (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x_m)) s))) 2.0)))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return (expf((-x_m / s)) / s) / powf((1.0f + expf((-fabsf(x_m) / s))), 2.0f);
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = (exp((-x_m / s)) / s) / ((1.0e0 + exp((-abs(x_m) / s))) ** 2.0e0)
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-x_m) / s)) / s) / (Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x_m)) / s))) ^ Float32(2.0))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = (exp((-x_m / s)) / s) / ((single(1.0) + exp((-abs(x_m) / s))) ^ single(2.0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{\frac{e^{\frac{-x\_m}{s}}}{s}}{{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\_m\right|}{s}}\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
associate-/r*99.2%
associate-*r/99.2%
mul-1-neg99.2%
associate-*r/99.2%
mul-1-neg99.2%
Simplified99.2%
clear-num99.1%
inv-pow99.1%
Applied egg-rr57.8%
unpow-157.8%
*-commutative57.8%
associate-/r*57.8%
rec-exp57.9%
distribute-neg-frac57.9%
Simplified57.9%
Final simplification57.9%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 1.0 (* (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x_m)) s))) (* s (+ 1.0 (exp (/ x_m s)))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 1.0f / ((1.0f + expf((-fabsf(x_m) / s))) * (s * (1.0f + expf((x_m / s)))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 1.0e0 / ((1.0e0 + exp((-abs(x_m) / s))) * (s * (1.0e0 + exp((x_m / s)))))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-abs(x_m)) / s))) * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(x_m / s)))))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(1.0) / ((single(1.0) + exp((-abs(x_m) / s))) * (s * (single(1.0) + exp((x_m / s))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{1}{\left(1 + e^{\frac{-\left|x\_m\right|}{s}}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.2%
fma-udef93.6%
+-commutative93.6%
*-commutative93.6%
add-sqr-sqrt93.6%
sqrt-unprod92.2%
sqr-neg92.2%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt21.3%
frac-2neg21.3%
frac-2neg21.3%
distribute-rgt1-in21.3%
Applied egg-rr58.6%
Final simplification58.6%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (if (<= (fabs x_m) 9.999999717180685e-10) (/ 0.25 s) (/ s (pow x_m 2.0))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float tmp;
if (fabsf(x_m) <= 9.999999717180685e-10f) {
tmp = 0.25f / s;
} else {
tmp = s / powf(x_m, 2.0f);
}
return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: tmp
if (abs(x_m) <= 9.999999717180685e-10) then
tmp = 0.25e0 / s
else
tmp = s / (x_m ** 2.0e0)
end if
code = tmp
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (abs(x_m) <= Float32(9.999999717180685e-10)) tmp = Float32(Float32(0.25) / s); else tmp = Float32(s / (x_m ^ Float32(2.0))); end return tmp end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp_2 = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(0.0); if (abs(x_m) <= single(9.999999717180685e-10)) tmp = single(0.25) / s; else tmp = s / (x_m ^ single(2.0)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\left|x\_m\right| \leq 9.999999717180685 \cdot 10^{-10}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{s}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{s}{{x\_m}^{2}}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if (fabs.f32 x) < 9.99999972e-10Initial program 98.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 52.2%
if 9.99999972e-10 < (fabs.f32 x) Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 98.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 66.2%
metadata-eval66.2%
distribute-lft1-in4.2%
+-commutative4.2%
*-commutative4.2%
fma-def4.2%
distribute-lft1-in66.2%
metadata-eval66.2%
associate-*r/66.2%
unpow266.2%
sqr-abs66.2%
Simplified66.2%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 64.6%
Final simplification59.8%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (if (<= (fabs x_m) 9.999999717180685e-10) (/ 0.25 s) (/ 0.5 (fabs x_m))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
float tmp;
if (fabsf(x_m) <= 9.999999717180685e-10f) {
tmp = 0.25f / s;
} else {
tmp = 0.5f / fabsf(x_m);
}
return tmp;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
real(4) :: tmp
if (abs(x_m) <= 9.999999717180685e-10) then
tmp = 0.25e0 / s
else
tmp = 0.5e0 / abs(x_m)
end if
code = tmp
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (abs(x_m) <= Float32(9.999999717180685e-10)) tmp = Float32(Float32(0.25) / s); else tmp = Float32(Float32(0.5) / abs(x_m)); end return tmp end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp_2 = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(0.0); if (abs(x_m) <= single(9.999999717180685e-10)) tmp = single(0.25) / s; else tmp = single(0.5) / abs(x_m); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\left|x\_m\right| \leq 9.999999717180685 \cdot 10^{-10}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.25}{s}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{\left|x\_m\right|}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if (fabs.f32 x) < 9.99999972e-10Initial program 98.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 52.2%
if 9.99999972e-10 < (fabs.f32 x) Initial program 99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 98.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.3%
*-commutative10.3%
Simplified10.3%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 10.2%
Final simplification26.3%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 1.0 (* 2.0 (* s (+ 1.0 (exp (/ x_m s)))))))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 1.0f / (2.0f * (s * (1.0f + expf((x_m / s)))));
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 1.0e0 / (2.0e0 * (s * (1.0e0 + exp((x_m / s)))))
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(x_m / s)))))) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(1.0) / (single(2.0) * (s * (single(1.0) + exp((x_m / s))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{1}{2 \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(1 + e^{\frac{x\_m}{s}}\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 93.6%
fma-udef93.6%
+-commutative93.6%
*-commutative93.6%
add-sqr-sqrt93.6%
sqrt-unprod92.2%
sqr-neg92.2%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt21.3%
frac-2neg21.3%
frac-2neg21.3%
distribute-rgt1-in21.3%
Applied egg-rr56.4%
Final simplification56.4%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ (/ (exp (/ (- x_m) s)) s) 4.0))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return (expf((-x_m / s)) / s) / 4.0f;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = (exp((-x_m / s)) / s) / 4.0e0
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-x_m) / s)) / s) / Float32(4.0)) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = (exp((-x_m / s)) / s) / single(4.0); end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{\frac{e^{\frac{-x\_m}{s}}}{s}}{4}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.1%
associate-/r*99.2%
associate-*r/99.2%
mul-1-neg99.2%
associate-*r/99.2%
mul-1-neg99.2%
Simplified99.2%
clear-num99.1%
inv-pow99.1%
Applied egg-rr57.8%
unpow-157.8%
*-commutative57.8%
associate-/r*57.8%
rec-exp57.9%
distribute-neg-frac57.9%
Simplified57.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 55.5%
Final simplification55.5%
x_m = (fabs.f32 x) (FPCore (x_m s) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 s))
x_m = fabs(x);
float code(float x_m, float s) {
return 0.25f / s;
}
x_m = abs(x)
real(4) function code(x_m, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: x_m
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 0.25e0 / s
end function
x_m = abs(x) function code(x_m, s) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / s) end
x_m = abs(x); function tmp = code(x_m, s) tmp = single(0.25) / s; end
\begin{array}{l}
x_m = \left|x\right|
\\
\frac{0.25}{s}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 23.0%
Final simplification23.0%
herbie shell --seed 2024040
(FPCore (x s)
:name "Logistic distribution"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631))
(/ (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)) (* (* s (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s)))) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- (fabs x)) s))))))