
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))
(* s (log (/ (+ 1.0 (/ 1.0 t_0)) (+ -1.0 (pow t_0 -2.0)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = (u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))));
return s * logf(((1.0f + (1.0f / t_0)) / (-1.0f + powf(t_0, -2.0f))));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) return Float32(s * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / t_0)) / Float32(Float32(-1.0) + (t_0 ^ Float32(-2.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = (u / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))); tmp = s * log(((single(1.0) + (single(1.0) / t_0)) / (single(-1.0) + (t_0 ^ single(-2.0))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
s \cdot \log \left(\frac{1 + \frac{1}{t\_0}}{-1 + {t\_0}^{-2}}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
flip-+99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
clear-num99.1%
inv-pow99.1%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
unpow-199.1%
Simplified99.1%
add-log-exp25.8%
*-commutative25.8%
Applied egg-rr25.8%
log-pow99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (pow E (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + powf(((float) M_E), (((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + (Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ (single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + {e}^{\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 85.5%
+-commutative85.5%
Simplified85.5%
Final simplification85.5%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (+ (* (* u PI) -0.25) (* PI 0.25))) (t_1 (* 0.25 (* u PI))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(+ 1.0 (* -5.333333333333333 (/ (- t_1 t_0) s)))
(* -1.3333333333333333 (/ (- t_0 t_1) s)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = ((u * ((float) M_PI)) * -0.25f) + (((float) M_PI) * 0.25f);
float t_1 = 0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI));
return -s * logf(((1.0f + (-5.333333333333333f * ((t_1 - t_0) / s))) + (-1.3333333333333333f * ((t_0 - t_1) / s))));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(0.25))) t_1 = Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(-5.333333333333333) * Float32(Float32(t_1 - t_0) / s))) + Float32(Float32(-1.3333333333333333) * Float32(Float32(t_0 - t_1) / s))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = ((u * single(pi)) * single(-0.25)) + (single(pi) * single(0.25)); t_1 = single(0.25) * (u * single(pi)); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) + (single(-5.333333333333333) * ((t_1 - t_0) / s))) + (single(-1.3333333333333333) * ((t_0 - t_1) / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 + \pi \cdot 0.25\\
t_1 := 0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right)\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\left(1 + -5.333333333333333 \cdot \frac{t\_1 - t\_0}{s}\right) + -1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{t\_0 - t\_1}{s}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
flip-+99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.8%
Final simplification24.8%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
1.0
(* 4.0 (/ (- (+ (* 0.25 (* u PI)) (* PI -0.25)) (* (* u PI) -0.25)) s))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((1.0f - (4.0f * ((((0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) + (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f)) - ((u * ((float) M_PI)) * -0.25f)) / s))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25))) - Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.25))) / s))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(1.0) - (single(4.0) * ((((single(0.25) * (u * single(pi))) + (single(pi) * single(-0.25))) - ((u * single(pi)) * single(-0.25))) / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - 4 \cdot \frac{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) + \pi \cdot -0.25\right) - \left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
Final simplification24.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (* PI (+ (fma u -0.25 0.25) (* u -0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (fmaf(u, -0.25f, 0.25f) + (u * -0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(fma(u, Float32(-0.25), Float32(0.25)) + Float32(u * Float32(-0.25))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u, -0.25, 0.25\right) + u \cdot -0.25\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
associate-*r*12.0%
distribute-rgt-out--12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
associate-*l*12.0%
Simplified12.0%
expm1-log1p-u12.0%
expm1-udef12.0%
distribute-lft-out12.0%
fma-neg12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
Applied egg-rr12.0%
expm1-def12.0%
expm1-log1p12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (+ (* PI (- (* u -0.25) -0.25)) (* PI (* u -0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * ((u * -0.25f) - -0.25f)) + (((float) M_PI) * (u * -0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)) - Float32(-0.25))) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(u * Float32(-0.25))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * ((single(pi) * ((u * single(-0.25)) - single(-0.25))) + (single(pi) * (u * single(-0.25)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25 - -0.25\right) + \pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
associate-*r*12.0%
distribute-rgt-out--12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
associate-*l*12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (+ (* PI -0.25) (* (* u PI) 0.5))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * -0.25f) + ((u * ((float) M_PI)) * 0.5f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.5)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(4.0) * ((single(pi) * single(-0.25)) + ((u * single(pi)) * single(0.5))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.25 + \left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
distribute-rgt-out--12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (* PI (+ -0.25 (* u 0.5)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (-0.25f + (u * 0.5f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(0.5))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(4.0) * (single(pi) * (single(-0.25) + (u * single(0.5)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(-0.25 + u \cdot 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
*-un-lft-identity99.0%
exp-prod99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 12.0%
associate--r+12.0%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.0%
distribute-rgt-out--12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
metadata-eval12.0%
+-commutative12.0%
associate-*r*12.0%
*-commutative12.0%
distribute-rgt-out12.0%
Simplified12.0%
Final simplification12.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.7%
neg-mul-111.7%
Simplified11.7%
Final simplification11.7%
herbie shell --seed 2024040
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))