Logistic regression 2

Percentage Accurate: 99.3% → 99.3%

Time: 12.1s

Alternatives: 8

Speedup: 1.0×

• could not determine a ground truth

  1. x = 2.0530459819957033e+210
  2. y = -1.282102775203508e+97

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = log((1.0d0 + exp(x))) - (x * y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.log((1.0 + Math.exp(x))) - (x * y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.log((1.0 + math.exp(x))) - (x * y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + exp(x))) - Float64(x * y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 99.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = log((1.0d0 + exp(x))) - (x * y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.log((1.0 + Math.exp(x))) - (x * y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.log((1.0 + math.exp(x))) - (x * y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + exp(x))) - Float64(x * y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.3% accurate, 1.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.4:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -1.4) (* x (- y)) (+ (log 2.0) (* x (- 0.5 y)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.4) {
		tmp = x * -y;
	} else {
		tmp = log(2.0) + (x * (0.5 - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-1.4d0)) then
        tmp = x * -y
    else
        tmp = log(2.0d0) + (x * (0.5d0 - y))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -1.4) {
		tmp = x * -y;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(2.0) + (x * (0.5 - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -1.4:
		tmp = x * -y
	else:
		tmp = math.log(2.0) + (x * (0.5 - y))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -1.4)
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(-y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(2.0) + Float64(x * Float64(0.5 - y)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -1.4)
		tmp = x * -y;
	else
		tmp = log(2.0) + (x * (0.5 - y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -1.4], N[(x * (-y)), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * N[(0.5 - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -1.3999999999999999

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-define 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot y} \]

      2. neg-mul-1 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot y \]

      3. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

   7. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

   if -1.3999999999999999 < x

   1. Initial program 96.0%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-define 96.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

   3. Simplified 96.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 97.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 98.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.4:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.4% accurate, 0.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(x, -y, \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (fma x (- y) (log1p (exp x))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return fma(x, -y, log1p(exp(x)));
}

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return fma(x, Float64(-y), log1p(exp(x)))
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(x * (-y) + N[Log[1 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.3%

   \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. cancel-sign-sub-inv 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) + \left(-x\right) \cdot y} \]

   2. +-commutative 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-x\right) \cdot y + \log \left(1 + e^{x}\right)} \]

   3. distribute-lft-neg-out 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-x \cdot y\right)} + \log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) \]

   4. distribute-rgt-neg-out 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(-y\right)} + \log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) \]

   5. fma-define 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, -y, \log \left(1 + e^{x}\right)\right)} \]

   6. log1p-define 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, -y, \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)}\right) \]

3. Simplified 97.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, -y, \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Final simplification 97.3%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, -y, \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)\right) \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- (log1p (exp x)) (* x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return log1p(exp(x)) - (x * y);
}

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return Math.log1p(Math.exp(x)) - (x * y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return math.log1p(math.exp(x)) - (x * y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(log1p(exp(x)) - Float64(x * y))
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[Log[1 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.3%

   \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log1p-define 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

3. Simplified 97.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Final simplification 97.3%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 81.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log 2 + x \cdot 0.5\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -3e-15) (* x (- y)) (+ (log 2.0) (* x 0.5))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -3e-15) {
		tmp = x * -y;
	} else {
		tmp = log(2.0) + (x * 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-3d-15)) then
        tmp = x * -y
    else
        tmp = log(2.0d0) + (x * 0.5d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -3e-15) {
		tmp = x * -y;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(2.0) + (x * 0.5);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -3e-15:
		tmp = x * -y
	else:
		tmp = math.log(2.0) + (x * 0.5)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -3e-15)
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(-y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(2.0) + Float64(x * 0.5));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -3e-15)
		tmp = x * -y;
	else
		tmp = log(2.0) + (x * 0.5);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -3e-15], N[(x * (-y)), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -3e-15

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-define 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot y} \]

      2. neg-mul-1 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot y \]

      3. *-commutative 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

   7. Simplified 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

   if -3e-15 < x

   1. Initial program 95.9%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-define 95.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

   3. Simplified 95.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 97.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in y around 0 78.0%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot x} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 85.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log 2 + x \cdot 0.5\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 98.9% accurate, 1.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -21:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log 2 - x \cdot y\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x -21.0) (* x (- y)) (- (log 2.0) (* x y))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -21.0) {
		tmp = x * -y;
	} else {
		tmp = log(2.0) - (x * y);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-21.0d0)) then
        tmp = x * -y
    else
        tmp = log(2.0d0) - (x * y)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -21.0) {
		tmp = x * -y;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(2.0) - (x * y);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -21.0:
		tmp = x * -y
	else:
		tmp = math.log(2.0) - (x * y)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -21.0)
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(-y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(2.0) - Float64(x * y));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -21.0)
		tmp = x * -y;
	else
		tmp = log(2.0) - (x * y);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -21.0], N[(x * (-y)), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -21

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-define 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot y} \]

      2. neg-mul-1 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot y \]

      3. *-commutative 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

   7. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

   if -21 < x

   1. Initial program 96.0%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-define 96.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

   3. Simplified 96.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 96.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2} - x \cdot y \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 97.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -21:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log 2 - x \cdot y\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 81.7% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.1 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log 2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= x -3.1e-15) (* x (- y)) (log 2.0)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -3.1e-15) {
		tmp = x * -y;
	} else {
		tmp = log(2.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= (-3.1d-15)) then
        tmp = x * -y
    else
        tmp = log(2.0d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= -3.1e-15) {
		tmp = x * -y;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(2.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= -3.1e-15:
		tmp = x * -y
	else:
		tmp = math.log(2.0)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= -3.1e-15)
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(-y));
	else
		tmp = log(2.0);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= -3.1e-15)
		tmp = x * -y;
	else
		tmp = log(2.0);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, -3.1e-15], N[(x * (-y)), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[2.0], $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -3.0999999999999999e-15

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-define 100.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*r* 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot y} \]

      2. neg-mul-1 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot y \]

      3. *-commutative 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

   7. Simplified 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

   if -3.0999999999999999e-15 < x

   1. Initial program 95.9%

      \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. log1p-define 95.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

   3. Simplified 95.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 96.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2} - x \cdot y \]

   6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 77.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 84.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -3.1 \cdot 10^{-15}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-y\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log 2\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 52.2% accurate, 51.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \cdot \left(-y\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (* x (- y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return x * -y;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = x * -y
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return x * -y;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return x * -y

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(x * Float64(-y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = x * -y;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(x * (-y)), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.3%

   \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log1p-define 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

3. Simplified 97.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in x around inf 46.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(x \cdot y\right)} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* 46.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot x\right) \cdot y} \]

   2. neg-mul-1 46.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)} \cdot y \]

   3. *-commutative 46.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

7. Simplified 46.8%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \left(-x\right)} \]

8. Final simplification 46.8%

   \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(-y\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 3.5% accurate, 69.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ x \cdot 0.5 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (* x 0.5))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return x * 0.5;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = x * 0.5d0
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return x * 0.5;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return x * 0.5

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(x * 0.5)
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = x * 0.5;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(x * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 97.3%

   \[\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log1p-define 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right)} - x \cdot y \]

3. Simplified 97.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 82.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log 2 + x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. expm1-log1p-u 68.6%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)\right)\right)} \]

   2. *-un-lft-identity 68.6%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \left(0.5 - y\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   3. *-un-lft-identity 68.6%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 - y\right)}\right)\right) \]

   4. sub-neg 68.6%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 + \left(-y\right)\right)}\right)\right) \]

   5. add-sqr-sqrt 24.2%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{-y} \cdot \sqrt{-y}}\right)\right)\right) \]

   6. sqrt-unprod 50.9%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-y\right) \cdot \left(-y\right)}}\right)\right)\right) \]

   7. sqr-neg 50.9%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{y \cdot y}}\right)\right)\right) \]

   8. sqrt-unprod 31.7%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{y} \cdot \sqrt{y}}\right)\right)\right) \]

   9. add-sqr-sqrt 51.7%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \left(0.5 + \color{blue}{y}\right)\right)\right) \]

   10. +-commutative 51.7%

       \[\leadsto \log 2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + 0.5\right)}\right)\right) \]

7. Applied egg-rr 51.7%

   \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(x \cdot \left(y + 0.5\right)\right)\right)} \]

8. Taylor expanded in y around 0 53.2%

   \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot x} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 53.2%

      \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x \cdot 0.5} \]

10. Simplified 53.2%

    \[\leadsto \log 2 + \color{blue}{x \cdot 0.5} \]

11. Taylor expanded in x around inf 3.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot x} \]
12. Step-by-step derivation

    1. *-commutative 3.7%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot 0.5} \]

13. Simplified 3.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot 0.5} \]

14. Final simplification 3.7%

    \[\leadsto x \cdot 0.5 \]
15. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(1 + e^{x}\right) - x \cdot y\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(1 + e^{-x}\right) - \left(-x\right) \cdot \left(1 - y\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= x 0.0)
   (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y))
   (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp (- x)))) (* (- x) (- 1.0 y)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 0.0) {
		tmp = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
	} else {
		tmp = log((1.0 + exp(-x))) - (-x * (1.0 - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (x <= 0.0d0) then
        tmp = log((1.0d0 + exp(x))) - (x * y)
    else
        tmp = log((1.0d0 + exp(-x))) - (-x * (1.0d0 - y))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (x <= 0.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((1.0 + Math.exp(x))) - (x * y);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((1.0 + Math.exp(-x))) - (-x * (1.0 - y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if x <= 0.0:
		tmp = math.log((1.0 + math.exp(x))) - (x * y)
	else:
		tmp = math.log((1.0 + math.exp(-x))) - (-x * (1.0 - y))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (x <= 0.0)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + exp(x))) - Float64(x * y));
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(1.0 + exp(Float64(-x)))) - Float64(Float64(-x) * Float64(1.0 - y)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (x <= 0.0)
		tmp = log((1.0 + exp(x))) - (x * y);
	else
		tmp = log((1.0 + exp(-x))) - (-x * (1.0 - y));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[x, 0.0], N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[Exp[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(1.0 + N[Exp[(-x)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[((-x) * N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024039 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Logistic regression 2"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (if (<= x 0.0) (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y)) (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp (- x)))) (* (- x) (- 1.0 y))))

  (- (log (+ 1.0 (exp x))) (* x y)))