Linear.Projection:perspective from linear-1.19.1.3, A

Percentage Accurate: 100.0% → 100.0%

Time: 5.5s

Alternatives: 6

Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{x + y}{x - y} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return (x + y) / (x - y);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (x + y) / (x - y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return (x + y) / (x - y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return (x + y) / (x - y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(x - y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (x + y) / (x - y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{x + y}{x - y} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return (x + y) / (x - y);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (x + y) / (x - y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return (x + y) / (x - y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return (x + y) / (x - y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(x - y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (x + y) / (x - y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 100.0% accurate, 0.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{y}{x - y} + \frac{x}{x - y} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (+ (/ y (- x y)) (/ x (- x y))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return (y / (x - y)) + (x / (x - y));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (y / (x - y)) + (x / (x - y))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return (y / (x - y)) + (x / (x - y));
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return (y / (x - y)) + (x / (x - y))

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(y / Float64(x - y)) + Float64(x / Float64(x - y)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (y / (x - y)) + (x / (x - y));
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(y / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.9%

   \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
2. Add Preprocessing
3. Step-by-step derivation

   1. add-cbrt-cube 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{x + y}{x - y} \cdot \frac{x + y}{x - y}\right) \cdot \frac{x + y}{x - y}}} \]

   2. pow3 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{x + y}{x - y}\right)}^{3}}} \]

4. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{x + y}{x - y}\right)}^{3}}} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. rem-cbrt-cube 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x + y}{x - y}} \]

   2. clear-num 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x - y}{x + y}}} \]

   3. associate-/r/ 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - y} \cdot \left(x + y\right)} \]

   4. +-commutative 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - y} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)} \]

   5. distribute-rgt-in 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{y \cdot \frac{1}{x - y} + x \cdot \frac{1}{x - y}} \]

   6. un-div-inv 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{x - y}} + x \cdot \frac{1}{x - y} \]

   7. un-div-inv 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{y}{x - y} + \color{blue}{\frac{x}{x - y}} \]

6. Applied egg-rr 100.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{y}{x - y} + \frac{x}{x - y}} \]

7. Final simplification 100.0%

   \[\leadsto \frac{y}{x - y} + \frac{x}{x - y} \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 74.7% accurate, 0.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.05 \cdot 10^{-55} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1.46 \cdot 10^{-50}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;-2 \cdot \frac{x}{y} + -1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= y -1.05e-55) (not (<= y 1.46e-50)))
   (+ (* -2.0 (/ x y)) -1.0)
   (+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (/ y x)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -1.05e-55) || !(y <= 1.46e-50)) {
		tmp = (-2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((y <= (-1.05d-55)) .or. (.not. (y <= 1.46d-50))) then
        tmp = ((-2.0d0) * (x / y)) + (-1.0d0)
    else
        tmp = 1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * (y / x))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if ((y <= -1.05e-55) || !(y <= 1.46e-50)) {
		tmp = (-2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
	} else {
		tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if (y <= -1.05e-55) or not (y <= 1.46e-50):
		tmp = (-2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0
	else:
		tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((y <= -1.05e-55) || !(y <= 1.46e-50))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * Float64(x / y)) + -1.0);
	else
		tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * Float64(y / x)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((y <= -1.05e-55) || ~((y <= 1.46e-50)))
		tmp = (-2.0 * (x / y)) + -1.0;
	else
		tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -1.05e-55], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 1.46e-50]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(-2.0 * N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y < -1.0500000000000001e-55 or 1.4600000000000001e-50 < y

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-2 \cdot \frac{x}{y} - 1} \]

   if -1.0500000000000001e-55 < y < 1.4600000000000001e-50

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y around 0 82.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 80.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.05 \cdot 10^{-55} \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1.46 \cdot 10^{-50}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;-2 \cdot \frac{x}{y} + -1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 74.0% accurate, 0.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8 \cdot 10^{-57}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 4.1 \cdot 10^{-49}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y -8e-57) -1.0 (if (<= y 4.1e-49) (+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (/ y x))) -1.0)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -8e-57) {
		tmp = -1.0;
	} else if (y <= 4.1e-49) {
		tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
	} else {
		tmp = -1.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (y <= (-8d-57)) then
        tmp = -1.0d0
    else if (y <= 4.1d-49) then
        tmp = 1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * (y / x))
    else
        tmp = -1.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -8e-57) {
		tmp = -1.0;
	} else if (y <= 4.1e-49) {
		tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
	} else {
		tmp = -1.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -8e-57:
		tmp = -1.0
	elif y <= 4.1e-49:
		tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x))
	else:
		tmp = -1.0
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -8e-57)
		tmp = -1.0;
	elseif (y <= 4.1e-49)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * Float64(y / x)));
	else
		tmp = -1.0;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y <= -8e-57)
		tmp = -1.0;
	elseif (y <= 4.1e-49)
		tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (y / x));
	else
		tmp = -1.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -8e-57], -1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 4.1e-49], N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[(y / x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y < -7.99999999999999964e-57 or 4.1000000000000001e-49 < y

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 77.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1} \]

   if -7.99999999999999964e-57 < y < 4.1000000000000001e-49

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in y around 0 82.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 79.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8 \cdot 10^{-57}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 4.1 \cdot 10^{-49}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{y}{x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 73.5% accurate, 0.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-57}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{-48}:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y -2e-57) -1.0 (if (<= y 1.2e-48) 1.0 -1.0)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -2e-57) {
		tmp = -1.0;
	} else if (y <= 1.2e-48) {
		tmp = 1.0;
	} else {
		tmp = -1.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (y <= (-2d-57)) then
        tmp = -1.0d0
    else if (y <= 1.2d-48) then
        tmp = 1.0d0
    else
        tmp = -1.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -2e-57) {
		tmp = -1.0;
	} else if (y <= 1.2e-48) {
		tmp = 1.0;
	} else {
		tmp = -1.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -2e-57:
		tmp = -1.0
	elif y <= 1.2e-48:
		tmp = 1.0
	else:
		tmp = -1.0
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -2e-57)
		tmp = -1.0;
	elseif (y <= 1.2e-48)
		tmp = 1.0;
	else
		tmp = -1.0;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x, y)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (y <= -2e-57)
		tmp = -1.0;
	elseif (y <= 1.2e-48)
		tmp = 1.0;
	else
		tmp = -1.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -2e-57], -1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 1.2e-48], 1.0, -1.0]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if y < -1.99999999999999991e-57 or 1.2e-48 < y

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 77.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1} \]

   if -1.99999999999999991e-57 < y < 1.2e-48

   1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in x around inf 80.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 79.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-57}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{-48}:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{y + x}{x - y} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ y x) (- x y)))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return (y + x) / (x - y);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = (y + x) / (x - y)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return (y + x) / (x - y);
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return (y + x) / (x - y)

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(Float64(y + x) / Float64(x - y))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = (y + x) / (x - y);
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(y + x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.9%

   \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \frac{y + x}{x - y} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 49.7% accurate, 7.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -1 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 -1.0)

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return -1.0;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = -1.0d0
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return -1.0;
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return -1.0

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return -1.0
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = -1.0;
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := -1.0

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.9%

   \[\frac{x + y}{x - y} \]
2. Add Preprocessing

3. Taylor expanded in x around 0 52.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1} \]

4. Final simplification 52.7%

   \[\leadsto -1 \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 100.0% accurate, 0.5× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\frac{x}{x + y} - \frac{y}{x + y}} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ 1.0 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y)))))

C

double code(double x, double y) {
	return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x, y)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    code = 1.0d0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)));
}

Python

def code(x, y):
	return 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)))

Julia

function code(x, y)
	return Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(x / Float64(x + y)) - Float64(y / Float64(x + y))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x, y)
	tmp = 1.0 / ((x / (x + y)) - (y / (x + y)));
end

Wolfram

code[x_, y_] := N[(1.0 / N[(N[(x / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(y / N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024031 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Linear.Projection:perspective from linear-1.19.1.3, A"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (/ 1.0 (- (/ x (+ x y)) (/ y (+ x y))))

  (/ (+ x y) (- x y)))