
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
(t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
(t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
(+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux) t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0))) t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi)) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi)) end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux; t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0))); t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi); tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
\left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))
(t_1 (sqrt (- 1.0 (* t_0 t_0))))
(t_2 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)))
(+ (+ (* (* (cos t_2) t_1) xi) (* (* (sin t_2) t_1) yi)) (* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos) * ux;
float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f - (t_0 * t_0)));
float t_2 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
return (((cosf(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sinf(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux) t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(t_0 * t_0))) t_2 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi)) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi)) end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos) * ux; t_1 = sqrt((single(1.0) - (t_0 * t_0))); t_2 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi); tmp = (((cos(t_2) * t_1) * xi) + ((sin(t_2) * t_1) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right) \cdot ux\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 - t\_0 \cdot t\_0}\\
t_2 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
\left(\left(\cos t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(\sin t\_2 \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)))
(t_1 (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0))))))))
(+
(+
(* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) t_1) xi)
(* (* t_1 (log1p (expm1 (sin (* uy (* 2.0 PI)))))) yi))
(* t_0 zi))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))));
return (((cosf(((uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI))) * t_1) * xi) + ((t_1 * log1pf(expm1f(sinf((uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI))))))) * yi)) + (t_0 * zi);
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0))))))) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))) * t_1) * xi) + Float32(Float32(t_1 * log1p(expm1(sin(Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))))))) * yi)) + Float32(t_0 * zi)) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\\
\left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot t\_1\right) \cdot xi + \left(t\_1 \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\sin \left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot yi\right) + t\_0 \cdot zi
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
associate-*r*99.0%
log1p-expm1-u99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)))
(t_1 (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0))))))))
(+
(* t_0 zi)
(+
(* xi (* t_1 (cos (expm1 (log1p (* uy (* 2.0 PI)))))))
(* yi (* t_1 (sin (* (* uy 2.0) PI))))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
float t_1 = sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))));
return (t_0 * zi) + ((xi * (t_1 * cosf(expm1f(log1pf((uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))))))) + (yi * (t_1 * sinf(((uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) t_1 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0))))))) return Float32(Float32(t_0 * zi) + Float32(Float32(xi * Float32(t_1 * cos(expm1(log1p(Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))))))) + Float32(yi * Float32(t_1 * sin(Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\
t_1 := \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\\
t\_0 \cdot zi + \left(xi \cdot \left(t\_1 \cdot \cos \left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)\right)\right) + yi \cdot \left(t\_1 \cdot \sin \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
associate-*r*99.0%
expm1-log1p-u99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (* uy 2.0) PI))
(t_1 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)))
(t_2 (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_1 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0))))))))
(+ (* t_1 zi) (+ (* (* (cos t_0) t_2) xi) (* yi (* t_2 (sin t_0)))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
float t_1 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
float t_2 = sqrtf((1.0f + (t_1 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))));
return (t_1 * zi) + (((cosf(t_0) * t_2) * xi) + (yi * (t_2 * sinf(t_0))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi)) t_1 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) t_2 = sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_1 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0))))))) return Float32(Float32(t_1 * zi) + Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_0) * t_2) * xi) + Float32(yi * Float32(t_2 * sin(t_0))))) end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi); t_1 = ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos); t_2 = sqrt((single(1.0) + (t_1 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0))))))); tmp = (t_1 * zi) + (((cos(t_0) * t_2) * xi) + (yi * (t_2 * sin(t_0)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\
t_2 := \sqrt{1 + t\_1 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\\
t\_1 \cdot zi + \left(\left(\cos t\_0 \cdot t\_2\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \left(t\_2 \cdot \sin t\_0\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* uy (* 2.0 PI))))
(fma
(* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos)
(* ux zi)
(*
(sqrt
(- 1.0 (* maxCos (* (* (* ux ux) (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0))) (+ ux -1.0)))))
(+ (* xi (cos t_0)) (* (sin t_0) yi))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = uy * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI));
return fmaf(((1.0f - ux) * maxCos), (ux * zi), (sqrtf((1.0f - (maxCos * (((ux * ux) * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))) * (ux + -1.0f))))) * ((xi * cosf(t_0)) + (sinf(t_0) * yi))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi))) return fma(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos), Float32(ux * zi), Float32(sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(maxCos * Float32(Float32(Float32(ux * ux) * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))) * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))) * Float32(Float32(xi * cos(t_0)) + Float32(sin(t_0) * yi)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := uy \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos, ux \cdot zi, \sqrt{1 - maxCos \cdot \left(\left(\left(ux \cdot ux\right) \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)} \cdot \left(xi \cdot \cos t\_0 + \sin t\_0 \cdot yi\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (t_1 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos))))
(+
(* t_1 zi)
(+
(* (* (cos t_0) (sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_1 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0))))))) xi)
(* yi (sin t_0))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = (uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI);
float t_1 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
return (t_1 * zi) + (((cosf(t_0) * sqrtf((1.0f + (t_1 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))))) * xi) + (yi * sinf(t_0)));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi)) t_1 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) return Float32(Float32(t_1 * zi) + Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(t_0) * sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_1 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))))) * xi) + Float32(yi * sin(t_0)))) end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = (uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi); t_1 = ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos); tmp = (t_1 * zi) + (((cos(t_0) * sqrt((single(1.0) + (t_1 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0)))))))) * xi) + (yi * sin(t_0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\
t\_1 \cdot zi + \left(\left(\cos t\_0 \cdot \sqrt{1 + t\_1 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + yi \cdot \sin t\_0\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.9%
associate-*r*98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos))))
(+
(* t_0 zi)
(+
(*
(*
(cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI))
(sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0)))))))
xi)
(* 2.0 (* uy (* PI yi)))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
return (t_0 * zi) + (((cosf(((uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI))) * sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))))) * xi) + (2.0f * (uy * (((float) M_PI) * yi))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) return Float32(Float32(t_0 * zi) + Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))) * sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))))) * xi) + Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * Float32(Float32(pi) * yi))))) end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos); tmp = (t_0 * zi) + (((cos(((uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi))) * sqrt((single(1.0) + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0)))))))) * xi) + (single(2.0) * (uy * (single(pi) * yi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\
t\_0 \cdot zi + \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + 2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot \left(\pi \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
associate-*r*99.0%
log1p-expm1-u99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
associate-*r*98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in uy around 0 91.1%
*-commutative91.1%
Simplified91.1%
Final simplification91.1%
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* ux (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos))))
(+
(* t_0 zi)
(+
(*
(*
(cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI))
(sqrt (+ 1.0 (* t_0 (* ux (* maxCos (+ ux -1.0)))))))
xi)
(* PI (* 2.0 (* uy yi)))))))
float code(float xi, float yi, float zi, float ux, float uy, float maxCos) {
float t_0 = ux * ((1.0f - ux) * maxCos);
return (t_0 * zi) + (((cosf(((uy * 2.0f) * ((float) M_PI))) * sqrtf((1.0f + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + -1.0f))))))) * xi) + (((float) M_PI) * (2.0f * (uy * yi))));
}
function code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = Float32(ux * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - ux) * maxCos)) return Float32(Float32(t_0 * zi) + Float32(Float32(Float32(cos(Float32(Float32(uy * Float32(2.0)) * Float32(pi))) * sqrt(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(t_0 * Float32(ux * Float32(maxCos * Float32(ux + Float32(-1.0)))))))) * xi) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(uy * yi))))) end
function tmp = code(xi, yi, zi, ux, uy, maxCos) t_0 = ux * ((single(1.0) - ux) * maxCos); tmp = (t_0 * zi) + (((cos(((uy * single(2.0)) * single(pi))) * sqrt((single(1.0) + (t_0 * (ux * (maxCos * (ux + single(-1.0)))))))) * xi) + (single(pi) * (single(2.0) * (uy * yi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := ux \cdot \left(\left(1 - ux\right) \cdot maxCos\right)\\
t\_0 \cdot zi + \left(\left(\cos \left(\left(uy \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sqrt{1 + t\_0 \cdot \left(ux \cdot \left(maxCos \cdot \left(ux + -1\right)\right)\right)}\right) \cdot xi + \pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(uy \cdot yi\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
associate-*r*99.0%
log1p-expm1-u99.0%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in ux around 0 98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
associate-*r*98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in uy around 0 91.1%
associate-*r*91.2%
*-commutative91.2%
associate-*r*91.2%
*-commutative91.2%
associate-*l*91.2%
Simplified91.2%
Final simplification91.2%
herbie shell --seed 2024031
(FPCore (xi yi zi ux uy maxCos)
:name "UniformSampleCone 2"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -10000.0 xi) (<= xi 10000.0)) (and (<= -10000.0 yi) (<= yi 10000.0))) (and (<= -10000.0 zi) (<= zi 10000.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 ux) (<= ux 1.0))) (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 uy) (<= uy 1.0))) (and (<= 0.0 maxCos) (<= maxCos 1.0)))
(+ (+ (* (* (cos (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) xi) (* (* (sin (* (* uy 2.0) PI)) (sqrt (- 1.0 (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux))))) yi)) (* (* (* (- 1.0 ux) maxCos) ux) zi)))