Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%
Time: 20.8s
Alternatives: 14
Speedup: 0.8×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 14 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return ((Math.log((x + y)) + Math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return ((math.log((x + y)) + math.log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = ((log((x + y)) + log(z)) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) (fma (log t) (- 0.5 a) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + (log(z) - fma(log(t), (0.5 - a), t));
}
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - fma(log(t), Float64(0.5 - a), t)))
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision] + t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
    2. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
    6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
    7. fma-udef99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
    8. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    9. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    10. distribute-neg-in99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
    11. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
    13. unsub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 80.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 240:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 240.0)
   (+ (log y) (+ (log z) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))))
   (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 240.0) {
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 240.0d0) then
        tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0)))
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 240.0) {
		tmp = Math.log(y) + (Math.log(z) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 240.0:
		tmp = math.log(y) + (math.log(z) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 240.0)
		tmp = Float64(log(y) + Float64(log(z) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 240.0)
		tmp = log(y) + (log(z) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 240.0], N[(N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 240:\\
\;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 240

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+62.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified62.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around 0 62.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]

    if 240 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+71.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified71.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 97.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg97.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    10. Simplified97.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification79.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 240:\\ \;\;\;\;\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) t)) (* (log t) (+ a -0.5))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)) + (log(t) * (a + -0.5));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)) + (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - t)) + (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - t)) + (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - t)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)) + (log(t) * (a + -0.5));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    3. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 68.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log y\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) (+ (- (log z) t) (log y))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) + ((log(z) - t) + log(y));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) + ((log(z) - t) + log(y))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + Math.log(y));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + math.log(y))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + log(y)))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) + ((log(z) - t) + log(y));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[Log[y], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log y\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    3. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 66.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+66.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  7. Simplified66.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  8. Final simplification66.8%

    \[\leadsto \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \log y\right) \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 75.2% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right) - t\\ t_2 := \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.017:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -7.6 \cdot 10^{-238}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 6.8 \cdot 10^{-85}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-47}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (- (log (* (* y z) (pow t -0.5))) t))
        (t_2 (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t)))
   (if (<= a -0.017)
     t_2
     (if (<= a -7.6e-238)
       t_1
       (if (<= a 6.8e-85)
         (+ (log (+ x y)) (- (log z) t))
         (if (<= a 1.3e-47) t_1 t_2))))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(((y * z) * pow(t, -0.5))) - t;
	double t_2 = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -0.017) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (a <= -7.6e-238) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= 6.8e-85) {
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	} else if (a <= 1.3e-47) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(((y * z) * (t ** (-0.5d0)))) - t
    t_2 = (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t
    if (a <= (-0.017d0)) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (a <= (-7.6d-238)) then
        tmp = t_1
    else if (a <= 6.8d-85) then
        tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t)
    else if (a <= 1.3d-47) then
        tmp = t_1
    else
        tmp = t_2
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(((y * z) * Math.pow(t, -0.5))) - t;
	double t_2 = (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -0.017) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (a <= -7.6e-238) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else if (a <= 6.8e-85) {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) + (Math.log(z) - t);
	} else if (a <= 1.3e-47) {
		tmp = t_1;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(((y * z) * math.pow(t, -0.5))) - t
	t_2 = (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -0.017:
		tmp = t_2
	elif a <= -7.6e-238:
		tmp = t_1
	elif a <= 6.8e-85:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) + (math.log(z) - t)
	elif a <= 1.3e-47:
		tmp = t_1
	else:
		tmp = t_2
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(Float64(Float64(y * z) * (t ^ -0.5))) - t)
	t_2 = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -0.017)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (a <= -7.6e-238)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= 6.8e-85)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(log(z) - t));
	elseif (a <= 1.3e-47)
		tmp = t_1;
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(((y * z) * (t ^ -0.5))) - t;
	t_2 = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -0.017)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (a <= -7.6e-238)
		tmp = t_1;
	elseif (a <= 6.8e-85)
		tmp = log((x + y)) + (log(z) - t);
	elseif (a <= 1.3e-47)
		tmp = t_1;
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[N[(N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[t, -0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, -0.017], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[a, -7.6e-238], t$95$1, If[LessEqual[a, 6.8e-85], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[a, 1.3e-47], t$95$1, t$95$2]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right) - t\\
t_2 := \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.017:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -7.6 \cdot 10^{-238}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 6.8 \cdot 10^{-85}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-47}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_2\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if a < -0.017000000000000001 or 1.3e-47 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 74.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+74.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified74.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 96.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg96.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    10. Simplified96.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]

    if -0.017000000000000001 < a < -7.5999999999999994e-238 or 6.8e-85 < a < 1.3e-47

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. fma-def99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
      5. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)}\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 57.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t}\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative57.8%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right)} - t\right) \]
    7. Simplified57.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right) - t}\right) \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around 0 57.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right) - t} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative57.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) + \log y\right)} - t \]
      2. +-commutative57.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \log z\right)} + \log y\right) - t \]
      3. associate-+r+57.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \left(\log z + \log y\right)\right)} - t \]
      4. +-commutative57.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right)}\right) - t \]
      5. log-prod49.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
    10. Simplified49.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative49.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)} - t \]
      2. add-log-exp49.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{-0.5 \cdot \log t}\right)}\right) - t \]
      3. sum-log47.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot e^{-0.5 \cdot \log t}\right)} - t \]
      4. *-commutative47.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\log t \cdot -0.5}}\right) - t \]
      5. exp-to-pow47.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{t}^{-0.5}}\right) - t \]
    12. Applied egg-rr47.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right)} - t \]

    if -7.5999999999999994e-238 < a < 6.8e-85

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-udef99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 62.7%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{t}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification78.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.017:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq -7.6 \cdot 10^{-238}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right) - t\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 6.8 \cdot 10^{-85}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;a \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{-47}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(y \cdot z\right) \cdot {t}^{-0.5}\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 71.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.2 \cdot 10^{-38} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.8 \cdot 10^{-27}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{y}{\frac{{t}^{\left(0.5 - a\right)}}{z}}\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -3.2e-38) (not (<= a 4.8e-27)))
   (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t)
   (- (log (/ y (/ (pow t (- 0.5 a)) z))) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -3.2e-38) || !(a <= 4.8e-27)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = log((y / (pow(t, (0.5 - a)) / z))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-3.2d-38)) .or. (.not. (a <= 4.8d-27))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t
    else
        tmp = log((y / ((t ** (0.5d0 - a)) / z))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -3.2e-38) || !(a <= 4.8e-27)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((y / (Math.pow(t, (0.5 - a)) / z))) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -3.2e-38) or not (a <= 4.8e-27):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t
	else:
		tmp = math.log((y / (math.pow(t, (0.5 - a)) / z))) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -3.2e-38) || !(a <= 4.8e-27))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(y / Float64((t ^ Float64(0.5 - a)) / z))) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -3.2e-38) || ~((a <= 4.8e-27)))
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	else
		tmp = log((y / ((t ^ (0.5 - a)) / z))) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -3.2e-38], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 4.8e-27]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(y / N[(N[Power[t, N[(0.5 - a), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / z), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.2 \cdot 10^{-38} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.8 \cdot 10^{-27}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{y}{\frac{{t}^{\left(0.5 - a\right)}}{z}}\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -3.19999999999999977e-38 or 4.80000000000000004e-27 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 73.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+73.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified73.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg96.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    10. Simplified96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]

    if -3.19999999999999977e-38 < a < 4.80000000000000004e-27

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-udef99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-udef99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log66.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr66.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-log-exp66.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}\right)}\right) - t \]
      2. diff-log64.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{z \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{e^{\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}}\right)} - t \]
      3. +-commutative64.7%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}}{e^{\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}}\right) - t \]
      4. exp-to-pow64.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{z \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{\color{blue}{{t}^{\left(0.5 - a\right)}}}\right) - t \]
    8. Applied egg-rr64.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{z \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{{t}^{\left(0.5 - a\right)}}\right)} - t \]
    9. Taylor expanded in y around inf 35.8%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{y \cdot z}{e^{\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)}}\right)} - t \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. exp-to-pow35.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{y \cdot z}{\color{blue}{{t}^{\left(0.5 - a\right)}}}\right) - t \]
      2. associate-/l*37.0%

        \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{y}{\frac{{t}^{\left(0.5 - a\right)}}{z}}\right)} - t \]
    11. Simplified37.0%

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{y}{\frac{{t}^{\left(0.5 - a\right)}}{z}}\right)} - t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification71.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -3.2 \cdot 10^{-38} \lor \neg \left(a \leq 4.8 \cdot 10^{-27}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{y}{\frac{{t}^{\left(0.5 - a\right)}}{z}}\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 73.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.00037 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-47}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot -0.5 + \left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - t\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -0.00037) (not (<= a 1.35e-47)))
   (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t)
   (+ (* (log t) -0.5) (- (log (* y z)) t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.00037) || !(a <= 1.35e-47)) {
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * -0.5) + (log((y * z)) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-0.00037d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 1.35d-47))) then
        tmp = (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * (-0.5d0)) + (log((y * z)) - t)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -0.00037) || !(a <= 1.35e-47)) {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * -0.5) + (Math.log((y * z)) - t);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -0.00037) or not (a <= 1.35e-47):
		tmp = (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * -0.5) + (math.log((y * z)) - t)
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -0.00037) || !(a <= 1.35e-47))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * -0.5) + Float64(log(Float64(y * z)) - t));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -0.00037) || ~((a <= 1.35e-47)))
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * -0.5) + (log((y * z)) - t);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -0.00037], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 1.35e-47]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * -0.5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.00037 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-47}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot -0.5 + \left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - t\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -3.6999999999999999e-4 or 1.3499999999999999e-47 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 74.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+74.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified74.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 96.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg96.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    10. Simplified96.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]

    if -3.6999999999999999e-4 < a < 1.3499999999999999e-47

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. fma-def99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
      5. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)}\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 57.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t}\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative57.6%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right)} - t\right) \]
    7. Simplified57.6%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right) - t}\right) \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around 0 57.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right)\right) - t} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative57.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log z + -0.5 \cdot \log t\right) + \log y\right)} - t \]
      2. +-commutative57.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \log z\right)} + \log y\right) - t \]
      3. associate-+r+57.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \left(\log z + \log y\right)\right)} - t \]
      4. +-commutative57.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right)}\right) - t \]
      5. log-prod40.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)}\right) - t \]
    10. Simplified40.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \log t + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\right) - t} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+40.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \log t + \left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - t\right)} \]
    12. Applied egg-rr40.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \log t + \left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - t\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification72.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -0.00037 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 1.35 \cdot 10^{-47}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot -0.5 + \left(\log \left(y \cdot z\right) - t\right)\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 87.8% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 425000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 425000000.0)
   (- (+ (log (* (+ x y) z)) (* (log t) (- a 0.5))) t)
   (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 425000000.0) {
		tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 425000000.0d0) then
        tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))) - t
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 425000000.0) {
		tmp = (Math.log(((x + y) * z)) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 425000000.0:
		tmp = (math.log(((x + y) * z)) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 425000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5))) - t);
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 425000000.0)
		tmp = (log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5))) - t;
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 425000000.0], N[(N[(N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 425000000:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 4.25e8

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-udef99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)} \]
      2. fma-udef99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \color{blue}{\left(\log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) + t\right)} \]
      3. associate--r+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
      5. sum-log70.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t \]
    6. Applied egg-rr70.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)\right) - t} \]

    if 4.25e8 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+71.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified71.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    10. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification83.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 425000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right) - t\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 86.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{-19}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 7.5e-19)
   (+ (log (* (+ x y) z)) (* (log t) (- a 0.5)))
   (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 7.5e-19) {
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	} else {
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 7.5d-19) then
        tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5d0))
    else
        tmp = (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 7.5e-19) {
		tmp = Math.log(((x + y) * z)) + (Math.log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 7.5e-19:
		tmp = math.log(((x + y) * z)) + (math.log(t) * (a - 0.5))
	else:
		tmp = (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 7.5e-19)
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(Float64(x + y) * z)) + Float64(log(t) * Float64(a - 0.5)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 7.5e-19)
		tmp = log(((x + y) * z)) + (log(t) * (a - 0.5));
	else
		tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[LessEqual[t, 7.5e-19], N[(N[Log[N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{-19}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 7.49999999999999957e-19

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-udef99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around 0 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log \left(x + y\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. log-prod70.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(x + y\right)\right)} - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
      2. +-commutative70.8%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(z \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y + x\right)}\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right) \]
    7. Simplified70.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(z \cdot \left(y + x\right)\right) - \log t \cdot \left(0.5 - a\right)} \]

    if 7.49999999999999957e-19 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+71.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified71.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 97.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg97.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    10. Simplified97.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification83.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{-19}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\left(x + y\right) \cdot z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 73.5% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{-19}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (log t) (+ a -0.5))))
   (if (<= t 7.5e-19) (+ t_1 (log (* y z))) (- t_1 t))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = log(t) * (a + -0.5);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 7.5e-19) {
		tmp = t_1 + log((y * z));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))
    if (t <= 7.5d-19) then
        tmp = t_1 + log((y * z))
    else
        tmp = t_1 - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double t_1 = Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5);
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 7.5e-19) {
		tmp = t_1 + Math.log((y * z));
	} else {
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	t_1 = math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 7.5e-19:
		tmp = t_1 + math.log((y * z))
	else:
		tmp = t_1 - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 7.5e-19)
		tmp = Float64(t_1 + log(Float64(y * z)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(t_1 - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	t_1 = log(t) * (a + -0.5);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 7.5e-19)
		tmp = t_1 + log((y * z));
	else
		tmp = t_1 - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[t, 7.5e-19], N[(t$95$1 + N[Log[N[(y * z), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(t$95$1 - t), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{-19}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t\_1 - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 7.49999999999999957e-19

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 62.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+62.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified62.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around 0 62.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log y + \left(\log z + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+62.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)} \]
      2. log-prod47.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(y \cdot z\right)} + \log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) \]
      3. +-commutative47.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)} \]
      4. sub-neg47.3%

        \[\leadsto \log t \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} + \log \left(y \cdot z\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval47.3%

        \[\leadsto \log t \cdot \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right) \]
    10. Simplified47.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)} \]

    if 7.49999999999999957e-19 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 71.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+71.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified71.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 97.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg97.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    10. Simplified97.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification71.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{-19}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) + \log \left(y \cdot z\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 62.3% accurate, 2.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{+17} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{+55}\right) \land t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{+83}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= t 1.2e+17) (and (not (<= t 1.4e+55)) (<= t 7.5e+83)))
   (* (log t) a)
   (- t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= 1.2e+17) || (!(t <= 1.4e+55) && (t <= 7.5e+83))) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((t <= 1.2d+17) .or. (.not. (t <= 1.4d+55)) .and. (t <= 7.5d+83)) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = -t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((t <= 1.2e+17) || (!(t <= 1.4e+55) && (t <= 7.5e+83))) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = -t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (t <= 1.2e+17) or (not (t <= 1.4e+55) and (t <= 7.5e+83)):
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = -t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((t <= 1.2e+17) || (!(t <= 1.4e+55) && (t <= 7.5e+83)))
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(-t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t <= 1.2e+17) || (~((t <= 1.4e+55)) && (t <= 7.5e+83)))
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = -t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[t, 1.2e+17], And[N[Not[LessEqual[t, 1.4e+55]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[t, 7.5e+83]]], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], (-t)]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{+17} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{+55}\right) \land t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{+83}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 1.2e17 or 1.4e55 < t < 7.49999999999999989e83

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 65.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+65.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified65.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 56.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]

    if 1.2e17 < t < 1.4e55 or 7.49999999999999989e83 < t

    1. Initial program 99.9%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      2. fma-def99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
      5. associate--l+99.9%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)}\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 69.3%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t}\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative69.3%

        \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right)} - t\right) \]
    7. Simplified69.3%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right) - t}\right) \]
    8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 81.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg81.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
    10. Simplified81.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification66.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{+17} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 1.4 \cdot 10^{+55}\right) \land t \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{+83}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 65.5% accurate, 2.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2700000000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+71}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -2700000000.0) (not (<= a 2.5e+71)))
   (* (log t) a)
   (- (log (+ x y)) t)))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -2700000000.0) || !(a <= 2.5e+71)) {
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((a <= (-2700000000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (a <= 2.5d+71))) then
        tmp = log(t) * a
    else
        tmp = log((x + y)) - t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -2700000000.0) || !(a <= 2.5e+71)) {
		tmp = Math.log(t) * a;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log((x + y)) - t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -2700000000.0) or not (a <= 2.5e+71):
		tmp = math.log(t) * a
	else:
		tmp = math.log((x + y)) - t
	return tmp
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -2700000000.0) || !(a <= 2.5e+71))
		tmp = Float64(log(t) * a);
	else
		tmp = Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) - t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -2700000000.0) || ~((a <= 2.5e+71)))
		tmp = log(t) * a;
	else
		tmp = log((x + y)) - t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -2700000000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[a, 2.5e+71]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * a), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2700000000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+71}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -2.7e9 or 2.49999999999999986e71 < a

    1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
      2. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
      3. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 75.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+75.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    7. Simplified75.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    8. Taylor expanded in a around inf 81.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{a \cdot \log t} \]

    if -2.7e9 < a < 2.49999999999999986e71

    1. Initial program 99.6%

      \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)} \]
      2. associate--l+99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(t - \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)} \]
      3. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(t + \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)\right)}\right) \]
      4. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) + t\right)}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\left(-\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(a - 0.5\right)}\right) + t\right)\right) \]
      6. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \left(\color{blue}{\log t \cdot \left(-\left(a - 0.5\right)\right)} + t\right)\right) \]
      7. fma-udef99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\left(a - 0.5\right), t\right)}\right) \]
      8. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      9. +-commutative99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, -\color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.5\right) + a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      10. distribute-neg-in99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-0.5\right)\right) + \left(-a\right)}, t\right)\right) \]
      11. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \left(-\color{blue}{-0.5}\right) + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5} + \left(-a\right), t\right)\right) \]
      13. unsub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, \color{blue}{0.5 - a}, t\right)\right) \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - \mathsf{fma}\left(\log t, 0.5 - a, t\right)\right)} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in t around inf 54.9%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-154.9%

        \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
    7. Simplified54.9%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(x + y\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification66.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -2700000000 \lor \neg \left(a \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+71}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log t \cdot a\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(x + y\right) - t\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 77.6% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- (* (log t) (+ a -0.5)) t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = (log(t) * (a + (-0.5d0))) - t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return (Math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return (math.log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(Float64(log(t) * Float64(a + -0.5)) - t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = (log(t) * (a + -0.5)) - t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[(N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a + -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
    2. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(a + \left(-0.5\right)\right)} \cdot \log t \]
    3. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}\right) \cdot \log t \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right) + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 66.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--l+66.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  7. Simplified66.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 77.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg77.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  10. Simplified77.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-t\right)} + \left(a + -0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  11. Final simplification77.9%

    \[\leadsto \log t \cdot \left(a + -0.5\right) - t \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 38.3% accurate, 156.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -t \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a) :precision binary64 (- t))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = -t
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return -t;
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return -t
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(-t)
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = -t;
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := (-t)
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-t
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.7%

    \[\left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t + \left(\left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
    2. fma-def99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a - 0.5, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{a + \left(-0.5\right)}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + \color{blue}{-0.5}, \log t, \left(\log \left(x + y\right) + \log z\right) - t\right) \]
    5. associate--l+99.7%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)}\right) \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\log z - t\right)\right)} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in x around 0 66.8%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log y + \log z\right) - t}\right) \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative66.8%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right)} - t\right) \]
  7. Simplified66.8%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(a + -0.5, \log t, \color{blue}{\left(\log z + \log y\right) - t}\right) \]
  8. Taylor expanded in t around inf 35.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot t} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg35.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  10. Simplified35.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-t} \]
  11. Final simplification35.2%

    \[\leadsto -t \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Developer target: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y z t a)
 :precision binary64
 (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t)))))
double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
}
real(8) function code(x, y, z, t, a)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8), intent (in) :: y
    real(8), intent (in) :: z
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    code = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5d0) * log(t)))
end function
public static double code(double x, double y, double z, double t, double a) {
	return Math.log((x + y)) + ((Math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * Math.log(t)));
}
def code(x, y, z, t, a):
	return math.log((x + y)) + ((math.log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * math.log(t)))
function code(x, y, z, t, a)
	return Float64(log(Float64(x + y)) + Float64(Float64(log(z) - t) + Float64(Float64(a - 0.5) * log(t))))
end
function tmp = code(x, y, z, t, a)
	tmp = log((x + y)) + ((log(z) - t) + ((a - 0.5) * log(t)));
end
code[x_, y_, z_, t_, a_] := N[(N[Log[N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Log[z], $MachinePrecision] - t), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a - 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(x + y\right) + \left(\left(\log z - t\right) + \left(a - 0.5\right) \cdot \log t\right)
\end{array}

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024027 
(FPCore (x y z t a)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:logGammaL from math-functions-0.1.5.2"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (+ (log (+ x y)) (+ (- (log z) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))

  (+ (- (+ (log (+ x y)) (log z)) t) (* (- a 0.5) (log t))))