
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t\_0\right) + t\_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (fma -4.0 (* (/ PI s) -0.25) 1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(fmaf(-4.0f, ((((float) M_PI) / s) * -0.25f), 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(fma(Float32(-4.0), Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) / s) * Float32(-0.25)), Float32(1.0))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-4, \frac{\pi}{s} \cdot -0.25, 1\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.9%
+-commutative24.9%
fma-def24.9%
Simplified24.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.0%
*-commutative25.0%
Simplified25.0%
Final simplification25.0%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
1.0
(*
4.0
(/ (- (* -0.25 (* u PI)) (+ (* (* u PI) 0.25) (* PI -0.25))) s)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((1.0f + (4.0f * (((-0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) - (((u * ((float) M_PI)) * 0.25f) + (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f))) / s))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.25)) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)))) / s)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(1.0) + (single(4.0) * (((single(-0.25) * (u * single(pi))) - (((u * single(pi)) * single(0.25)) + (single(pi) * single(-0.25)))) / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 + 4 \cdot \frac{-0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.25 + \pi \cdot -0.25\right)}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.9%
Final simplification24.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (* PI (- (* u -0.25) (fma u 0.25 -0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * ((u * -0.25f) - fmaf(u, 0.25f, -0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)) - fma(u, Float32(0.25), Float32(-0.25))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25 - \mathsf{fma}\left(u, 0.25, -0.25\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*l*11.3%
+-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
Simplified11.3%
sub-neg11.3%
fma-def11.3%
Applied egg-rr11.3%
sub-neg11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out--11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
Simplified11.3%
Final simplification11.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (- (* u (* PI -0.25)) (* PI (+ -0.25 (* u 0.25))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * ((u * (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f)) - (((float) M_PI) * (-0.25f + (u * 0.25f))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25))) - Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(0.25)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * ((u * (single(pi) * single(-0.25))) - (single(pi) * (single(-0.25) + (u * single(0.25))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.25\right) - \pi \cdot \left(-0.25 + u \cdot 0.25\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*l*11.3%
+-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
Simplified11.3%
Final simplification11.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (+ (* PI -0.25) (* (* u PI) 0.5))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * -0.25f) + ((u * ((float) M_PI)) * 0.5f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(0.5)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(4.0) * ((single(pi) * single(-0.25)) + ((u * single(pi)) * single(0.5))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.25 + \left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 0.5\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.3%
associate--r+11.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.3%
distribute-rgt-out--11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
metadata-eval11.3%
metadata-eval11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
Simplified11.3%
Final simplification11.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (* PI (+ 0.25 (* u -0.5)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (0.25f + (u * -0.5f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(-0.5))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * (single(pi) * (single(0.25) + (u * single(-0.5)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(0.25 + u \cdot -0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*l*11.3%
+-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
Simplified11.3%
sub-neg11.3%
fma-def11.3%
Applied egg-rr11.3%
sub-neg11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out--11.3%
*-commutative11.3%
Simplified11.3%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.3%
+-commutative11.3%
associate-*r*11.3%
distribute-rgt-out11.3%
Simplified11.3%
Final simplification11.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.0%
neg-mul-111.0%
Simplified11.0%
Final simplification11.0%
herbie shell --seed 2024027
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))