Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)

Percentage Accurate: 76.8% → 96.6%
Time: 17.3s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: 2.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 76.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (* (cos M) (exp (- (- (fabs (- n m)) l) (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) * exp(((fabs((n - m)) - l) - pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0)));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) * exp(((abs((n - m)) - l) - ((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0)))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((Math.abs((n - m)) - l) - Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0)));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) * math.exp(((math.fabs((n - m)) - l) - math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0)))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - l) - (Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) * exp(((abs((n - m)) - l) - ((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - l), $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.0%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. +-commutative77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    3. fabs-sub77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  3. Simplified77.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg96.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  7. Simplified96.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification96.2%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 95.4% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -1400000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{+16}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= M -1400000.0) (not (<= M 2.1e+16)))
   (* (cos M) (exp (- (pow M 2.0))))
   (exp (- (fabs (- n m)) (+ l (* 0.25 (pow (+ m n) 2.0)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -1400000.0) || !(M <= 2.1e+16)) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = exp((fabs((n - m)) - (l + (0.25 * pow((m + n), 2.0)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((m_1 <= (-1400000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (m_1 <= 2.1d+16))) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-(m_1 ** 2.0d0))
    else
        tmp = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + (0.25d0 * ((m + n) ** 2.0d0)))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -1400000.0) || !(M <= 2.1e+16)) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-Math.pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp((Math.abs((n - m)) - (l + (0.25 * Math.pow((m + n), 2.0)))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if (M <= -1400000.0) or not (M <= 2.1e+16):
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-math.pow(M, 2.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.exp((math.fabs((n - m)) - (l + (0.25 * math.pow((m + n), 2.0)))))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((M <= -1400000.0) || !(M <= 2.1e+16))
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-(M ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - Float64(l + Float64(0.25 * (Float64(m + n) ^ 2.0)))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((M <= -1400000.0) || ~((M <= 2.1e+16)))
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-(M ^ 2.0));
	else
		tmp = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + (0.25 * ((m + n) ^ 2.0)))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[Or[LessEqual[M, -1400000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[M, 2.1e+16]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[Power[M, 2.0], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(l + N[(0.25 * N[Power[N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;M \leq -1400000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{+16}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if M < -1.4e6 or 2.1e16 < M

    1. Initial program 76.6%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*76.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative76.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub76.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative76.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified76.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg99.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified99.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around inf 96.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg96.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]
    10. Simplified96.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]

    if -1.4e6 < M < 2.1e16

    1. Initial program 79.5%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 88.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg88.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*88.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg88.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified88.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 94.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification95.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -1400000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{+16}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 86.6% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -1000000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 27\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + {\left(m + n\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= M -1000000.0) (not (<= M 27.0)))
   (* (cos M) (exp (- (pow M 2.0))))
   (exp (+ (- n (- m l)) (* (pow (+ m n) 2.0) -0.25)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -1000000.0) || !(M <= 27.0)) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = exp(((n - (m - l)) + (pow((m + n), 2.0) * -0.25)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((m_1 <= (-1000000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (m_1 <= 27.0d0))) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-(m_1 ** 2.0d0))
    else
        tmp = exp(((n - (m - l)) + (((m + n) ** 2.0d0) * (-0.25d0))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -1000000.0) || !(M <= 27.0)) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-Math.pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp(((n - (m - l)) + (Math.pow((m + n), 2.0) * -0.25)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if (M <= -1000000.0) or not (M <= 27.0):
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-math.pow(M, 2.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.exp(((n - (m - l)) + (math.pow((m + n), 2.0) * -0.25)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((M <= -1000000.0) || !(M <= 27.0))
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-(M ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(n - Float64(m - l)) + Float64((Float64(m + n) ^ 2.0) * -0.25)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((M <= -1000000.0) || ~((M <= 27.0)))
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-(M ^ 2.0));
	else
		tmp = exp(((n - (m - l)) + (((m + n) ^ 2.0) * -0.25)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[Or[LessEqual[M, -1000000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[M, 27.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[Power[M, 2.0], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[(n - N[(m - l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.25), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;M \leq -1000000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 27\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + {\left(m + n\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if M < -1e6 or 27 < M

    1. Initial program 76.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*76.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative76.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub76.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative76.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified76.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg98.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around inf 96.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg96.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]
    10. Simplified96.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]

    if -1e6 < M < 27

    1. Initial program 79.5%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative79.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 88.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg88.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*88.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg88.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified88.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 93.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--r+93.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}}} \]
      2. sub-neg93.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
      3. sub-neg93.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt48.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}}\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. fabs-sqr48.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      6. add-sqr-sqrt93.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(n - m\right)} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt48.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{-\ell} \cdot \sqrt{-\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      8. sqrt-unprod70.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-\ell\right) \cdot \left(-\ell\right)}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      9. sqr-neg70.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod36.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt82.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\ell}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      12. +-commutative82.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)}}^{2}\right)} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr82.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-82.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in82.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-0.25\right) \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
      3. metadata-eval82.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{-0.25} \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}} \]
    12. Simplified82.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + -0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -1000000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 27\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + {\left(m + n\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 85.3% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 740:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + {\left(m + n\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l 740.0)
   (exp (+ (- n (- m l)) (* (pow (+ m n) 2.0) -0.25)))
   (exp (- l))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 740.0) {
		tmp = exp(((n - (m - l)) + (pow((m + n), 2.0) * -0.25)));
	} else {
		tmp = exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= 740.0d0) then
        tmp = exp(((n - (m - l)) + (((m + n) ** 2.0d0) * (-0.25d0))))
    else
        tmp = exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 740.0) {
		tmp = Math.exp(((n - (m - l)) + (Math.pow((m + n), 2.0) * -0.25)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= 740.0:
		tmp = math.exp(((n - (m - l)) + (math.pow((m + n), 2.0) * -0.25)))
	else:
		tmp = math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= 740.0)
		tmp = exp(Float64(Float64(n - Float64(m - l)) + Float64((Float64(m + n) ^ 2.0) * -0.25)));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(-l));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= 740.0)
		tmp = exp(((n - (m - l)) + (((m + n) ^ 2.0) * -0.25)));
	else
		tmp = exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, 740.0], N[Exp[N[(N[(n - N[(m - l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Power[N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.25), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 740:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + {\left(m + n\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if l < 740

    1. Initial program 77.1%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*76.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative76.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub76.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative76.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified76.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 82.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg82.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*82.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg82.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified82.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--r+81.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}}} \]
      2. sub-neg81.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
      3. sub-neg81.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt37.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}}\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. fabs-sqr37.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      6. add-sqr-sqrt81.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(n - m\right)} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt55.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{-\ell} \cdot \sqrt{-\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      8. sqrt-unprod71.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-\ell\right) \cdot \left(-\ell\right)}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      9. sqr-neg71.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod26.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt83.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\ell}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      12. +-commutative83.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)}}^{2}\right)} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr83.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-83.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in83.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-0.25\right) \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
      3. metadata-eval83.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{-0.25} \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}} \]
    12. Simplified83.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + -0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]

    if 740 < l

    1. Initial program 81.0%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*81.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative81.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub81.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative81.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified81.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg84.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*84.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg84.1%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in l around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-1100.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    11. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification87.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 740:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + {\left(m + n\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 72.9% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -3.5 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\ell}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 0.0072:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l -3.5e-9)
   (exp l)
   (if (<= l 0.0072) (exp (* -0.25 (pow n 2.0))) (exp (- l)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= -3.5e-9) {
		tmp = exp(l);
	} else if (l <= 0.0072) {
		tmp = exp((-0.25 * pow(n, 2.0)));
	} else {
		tmp = exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= (-3.5d-9)) then
        tmp = exp(l)
    else if (l <= 0.0072d0) then
        tmp = exp(((-0.25d0) * (n ** 2.0d0)))
    else
        tmp = exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= -3.5e-9) {
		tmp = Math.exp(l);
	} else if (l <= 0.0072) {
		tmp = Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(n, 2.0)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= -3.5e-9:
		tmp = math.exp(l)
	elif l <= 0.0072:
		tmp = math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(n, 2.0)))
	else:
		tmp = math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= -3.5e-9)
		tmp = exp(l);
	elseif (l <= 0.0072)
		tmp = exp(Float64(-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0)));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(-l));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= -3.5e-9)
		tmp = exp(l);
	elseif (l <= 0.0072)
		tmp = exp((-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0)));
	else
		tmp = exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, -3.5e-9], N[Exp[l], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[l, 0.0072], N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[n, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -3.5 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\ell}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 0.0072:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if l < -3.4999999999999999e-9

    1. Initial program 63.5%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*63.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative63.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub63.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative63.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified63.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 71.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg71.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*71.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg71.4%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified71.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 73.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--r+73.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}}} \]
      2. sub-neg73.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
      3. sub-neg73.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt33.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}}\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. fabs-sqr33.4%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      6. add-sqr-sqrt73.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(n - m\right)} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt73.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{-\ell} \cdot \sqrt{-\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      8. sqrt-unprod41.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-\ell\right) \cdot \left(-\ell\right)}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      9. sqr-neg41.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod0.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt78.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\ell}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      12. +-commutative78.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)}}^{2}\right)} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr78.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-78.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in78.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-0.25\right) \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
      3. metadata-eval78.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{-0.25} \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}} \]
    12. Simplified78.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + -0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
    13. Taylor expanded in l around inf 72.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\ell}} \]

    if -3.4999999999999999e-9 < l < 0.0071999999999999998

    1. Initial program 84.0%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*83.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative83.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub83.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative83.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified83.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 88.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg88.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*88.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg88.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified88.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 86.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in n around inf 61.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}} \]

    if 0.0071999999999999998 < l

    1. Initial program 80.3%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*80.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative80.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub80.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative80.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 83.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg83.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*83.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg83.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified83.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 98.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in l around inf 97.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-197.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    11. Simplified97.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification73.0%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -3.5 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\ell}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\ell \leq 0.0072:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 65.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq 55:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= n 55.0) (exp (* -0.25 (pow m 2.0))) (exp (* -0.25 (pow n 2.0)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 55.0) {
		tmp = exp((-0.25 * pow(m, 2.0)));
	} else {
		tmp = exp((-0.25 * pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (n <= 55.0d0) then
        tmp = exp(((-0.25d0) * (m ** 2.0d0)))
    else
        tmp = exp(((-0.25d0) * (n ** 2.0d0)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 55.0) {
		tmp = Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(m, 2.0)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if n <= 55.0:
		tmp = math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(m, 2.0)))
	else:
		tmp = math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(n, 2.0)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (n <= 55.0)
		tmp = exp(Float64(-0.25 * (m ^ 2.0)));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (n <= 55.0)
		tmp = exp((-0.25 * (m ^ 2.0)));
	else
		tmp = exp((-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, 55.0], N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[n, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;n \leq 55:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if n < 55

    1. Initial program 79.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*79.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative79.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub79.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative79.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified79.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 84.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg84.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*84.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg84.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified84.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 83.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in m around inf 55.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative55.8%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
    11. Simplified55.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]

    if 55 < n

    1. Initial program 72.4%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*72.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative72.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub72.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative72.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified72.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 77.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg77.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*77.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg77.6%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified77.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 94.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in n around inf 94.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification64.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq 55:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 49.4% accurate, 4.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -1.16 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\ell}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l -1.16e-9) (exp l) (exp (- l))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= -1.16e-9) {
		tmp = exp(l);
	} else {
		tmp = exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= (-1.16d-9)) then
        tmp = exp(l)
    else
        tmp = exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= -1.16e-9) {
		tmp = Math.exp(l);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= -1.16e-9:
		tmp = math.exp(l)
	else:
		tmp = math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= -1.16e-9)
		tmp = exp(l);
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(-l));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= -1.16e-9)
		tmp = exp(l);
	else
		tmp = exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, -1.16e-9], N[Exp[l], $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -1.16 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\ell}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if l < -1.15999999999999992e-9

    1. Initial program 64.1%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*64.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative64.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub64.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative64.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified64.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 71.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg71.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*71.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg71.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified71.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 73.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--r+73.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}}} \]
      2. sub-neg73.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
      3. sub-neg73.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt32.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}}\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      5. fabs-sqr32.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      6. add-sqr-sqrt73.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(n - m\right)} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt73.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{-\ell} \cdot \sqrt{-\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      8. sqrt-unprod42.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-\ell\right) \cdot \left(-\ell\right)}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      9. sqr-neg42.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod0.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt78.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\ell}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      12. +-commutative78.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)}}^{2}\right)} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr78.5%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+l-78.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
      2. distribute-lft-neg-in78.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-0.25\right) \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
      3. metadata-eval78.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{-0.25} \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}} \]
    12. Simplified78.5%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + -0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
    13. Taylor expanded in l around inf 70.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\ell}} \]

    if -1.15999999999999992e-9 < l

    1. Initial program 82.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*82.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative82.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub82.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative82.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified82.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 86.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg86.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. associate-*r*86.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. sin-neg86.7%

        \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified86.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 90.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in l around inf 39.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. neg-mul-139.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    11. Simplified39.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification47.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq -1.16 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\ell}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 7.2% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (cos M))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M);
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1)
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M);
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M)
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return cos(M)
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M);
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.0%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. +-commutative77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    3. fabs-sub77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  3. Simplified77.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg96.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  7. Simplified96.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in m around inf 54.1%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative54.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
  10. Simplified54.1%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in m around 0 5.9%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}\right)} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative5.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2} + 1\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative5.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25} + 1\right) \]
  13. Simplified5.9%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot \color{blue}{\left({m}^{2} \cdot -0.25 + 1\right)} \]
  14. Taylor expanded in m around 0 6.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \]
  15. Final simplification6.4%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \]
  16. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 24.7% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{\ell} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (exp l))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return exp(l);
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = exp(l)
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.exp(l);
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.exp(l)
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return exp(l)
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = exp(l);
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[Exp[l], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
e^{\ell}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.0%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. +-commutative77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    3. fabs-sub77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative77.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  3. Simplified77.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 83.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(-M\right) + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg83.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\cos M} + -0.5 \cdot \left(K \cdot \left(\sin \left(-M\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r*83.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(K \cdot \sin \left(-M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)}\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. sin-neg83.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\sin M\right)}\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  7. Simplified83.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos M + -0.5 \cdot \left(\left(K \cdot \left(-\sin M\right)\right) \cdot \left(m + n\right)\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in M around 0 86.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate--r+86.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - 0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. sub-neg86.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
    3. sub-neg86.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left|n - m\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt39.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}}\right| + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    5. fabs-sqr39.6%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{n - m} \cdot \sqrt{n - m}} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    6. add-sqr-sqrt86.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\color{blue}{\left(n - m\right)} + \left(-\ell\right)\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    7. add-sqr-sqrt42.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{-\ell} \cdot \sqrt{-\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    8. sqrt-unprod60.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-\ell\right) \cdot \left(-\ell\right)}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    9. sqr-neg60.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    10. sqrt-unprod35.8%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\ell}}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    11. add-sqr-sqrt78.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \color{blue}{\ell}\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(m + n\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    12. +-commutative78.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(n + m\right)}}^{2}\right)} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr78.9%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(\left(n - m\right) + \ell\right) + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-+l-78.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right)} + \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-lft-neg-in78.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-0.25\right) \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
    3. metadata-eval78.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + \color{blue}{-0.25} \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}} \]
  12. Simplified78.9%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\left(n - \left(m - \ell\right)\right) + -0.25 \cdot {\left(n + m\right)}^{2}}} \]
  13. Taylor expanded in l around inf 23.0%

    \[\leadsto e^{\color{blue}{\ell}} \]
  14. Final simplification23.0%

    \[\leadsto e^{\ell} \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024024 
(FPCore (K m n M l)
  :name "Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M)) (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))