Toniolo and Linder, Equation (3b), real

Percentage Accurate: 93.9% → 99.7%

Time: 26.2s

Alternatives: 25

Speedup: 1.4×

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ (sin ky) (sqrt (+ (pow (sin kx) 2.0) (pow (sin ky) 2.0)))) (sin th)))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return (sin(ky) / sqrt((pow(sin(kx), 2.0) + pow(sin(ky), 2.0)))) * sin(th);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = (sin(ky) / sqrt(((sin(kx) ** 2.0d0) + (sin(ky) ** 2.0d0)))) * sin(th)
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return (Math.sin(ky) / Math.sqrt((Math.pow(Math.sin(kx), 2.0) + Math.pow(Math.sin(ky), 2.0)))) * Math.sin(th);
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	return (math.sin(ky) / math.sqrt((math.pow(math.sin(kx), 2.0) + math.pow(math.sin(ky), 2.0)))) * math.sin(th)

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	return Float64(Float64(sin(ky) / sqrt(Float64((sin(kx) ^ 2.0) + (sin(ky) ^ 2.0)))) * sin(th))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = (sin(ky) / sqrt(((sin(kx) ^ 2.0) + (sin(ky) ^ 2.0)))) * sin(th);
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := N[(N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 93.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ (sin ky) (sqrt (+ (pow (sin kx) 2.0) (pow (sin ky) 2.0)))) (sin th)))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return (sin(ky) / sqrt((pow(sin(kx), 2.0) + pow(sin(ky), 2.0)))) * sin(th);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = (sin(ky) / sqrt(((sin(kx) ** 2.0d0) + (sin(ky) ** 2.0d0)))) * sin(th)
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return (Math.sin(ky) / Math.sqrt((Math.pow(Math.sin(kx), 2.0) + Math.pow(Math.sin(ky), 2.0)))) * Math.sin(th);
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	return (math.sin(ky) / math.sqrt((math.pow(math.sin(kx), 2.0) + math.pow(math.sin(ky), 2.0)))) * math.sin(th)

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	return Float64(Float64(sin(ky) / sqrt(Float64((sin(kx) ^ 2.0) + (sin(ky) ^ 2.0)))) * sin(th))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = (sin(ky) / sqrt(((sin(kx) ^ 2.0) + (sin(ky) ^ 2.0)))) * sin(th);
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := N[(N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (sin th) (/ (hypot (sin kx) (sin ky)) (sin ky))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return sin(th) / (hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky)) / sin(ky));
}

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return Math.sin(th) / (Math.hypot(Math.sin(kx), Math.sin(ky)) / Math.sin(ky));
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	return math.sin(th) / (math.hypot(math.sin(kx), math.sin(ky)) / math.sin(ky))

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	return Float64(sin(th) / Float64(hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky)) / sin(ky)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = sin(th) / (hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky)) / sin(ky));
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sqrt[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 92.6%

   \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. remove-double-neg 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

   2. sin-neg 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

   3. neg-mul-1 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

   5. associate-*l* 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

   6. associate-*l/ 89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

   7. associate-/r/ 89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

   8. associate-*l/ 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

   9. associate-/r/ 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

   10. sin-neg 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

   11. neg-mul-1 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

   12. associate-/r* 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

   13. associate-/r/ 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

3. Simplified 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
4. Add Preprocessing
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

   2. clear-num 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

   3. un-div-inv 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

   4. hypot-udef 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}}{\sin ky}} \]

   5. unpow2 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}} + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}{\sin ky}} \]

   6. unpow2 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin ky}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

   7. +-commutative 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

   8. unpow2 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{\sin ky}} \]

   9. unpow2 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}}{\sin ky}} \]

   10. hypot-def 99.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}}{\sin ky}} \]

6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

7. Final simplification 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}} \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 70.9% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)\\ t_2 := \frac{\sin th \cdot ky}{t_1}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\sin th \leq -0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;t_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{th}{\frac{t_1}{\sin ky}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 0.32 \lor \neg \left(\sin th \leq 0.88\right):\\ \;\;\;\;t_2\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (hypot (sin kx) (sin ky))) (t_2 (/ (* (sin th) ky) t_1)))
   (if (<= (sin th) -0.05)
     t_2
     (if (<= (sin th) 2e-7)
       (/ th (/ t_1 (sin ky)))
       (if (or (<= (sin th) 0.32) (not (<= (sin th) 0.88))) t_2 (sin th))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double t_1 = hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky));
	double t_2 = (sin(th) * ky) / t_1;
	double tmp;
	if (sin(th) <= -0.05) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (sin(th) <= 2e-7) {
		tmp = th / (t_1 / sin(ky));
	} else if ((sin(th) <= 0.32) || !(sin(th) <= 0.88)) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double t_1 = Math.hypot(Math.sin(kx), Math.sin(ky));
	double t_2 = (Math.sin(th) * ky) / t_1;
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(th) <= -0.05) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (Math.sin(th) <= 2e-7) {
		tmp = th / (t_1 / Math.sin(ky));
	} else if ((Math.sin(th) <= 0.32) || !(Math.sin(th) <= 0.88)) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	t_1 = math.hypot(math.sin(kx), math.sin(ky))
	t_2 = (math.sin(th) * ky) / t_1
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(th) <= -0.05:
		tmp = t_2
	elif math.sin(th) <= 2e-7:
		tmp = th / (t_1 / math.sin(ky))
	elif (math.sin(th) <= 0.32) or not (math.sin(th) <= 0.88):
		tmp = t_2
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	t_1 = hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky))
	t_2 = Float64(Float64(sin(th) * ky) / t_1)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(th) <= -0.05)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (sin(th) <= 2e-7)
		tmp = Float64(th / Float64(t_1 / sin(ky)));
	elseif ((sin(th) <= 0.32) || !(sin(th) <= 0.88))
		tmp = t_2;
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	t_1 = hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky));
	t_2 = (sin(th) * ky) / t_1;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(th) <= -0.05)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (sin(th) <= 2e-7)
		tmp = th / (t_1 / sin(ky));
	elseif ((sin(th) <= 0.32) || ~((sin(th) <= 0.88)))
		tmp = t_2;
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sqrt[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * ky), $MachinePrecision] / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], -0.05], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], 2e-7], N[(th / N[(t$95$1 / N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[Or[LessEqual[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], 0.32], N[Not[LessEqual[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], 0.88]], $MachinePrecision]], t$95$2, N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]]]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 th) < -0.050000000000000003 or 1.9999999999999999e-7 < (sin.f64 th) < 0.320000000000000007 or 0.880000000000000004 < (sin.f64 th)

   1. Initial program 91.0%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 91.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 91.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 91.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 91.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

      2. hypot-udef 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}} \]

      3. unpow2 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}} + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}} \]

      4. unpow2 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{{\sin ky}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}}}} \]

      5. +-commutative 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

      6. unpow2 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \]

      7. unpow2 91.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}} \]

      8. hypot-def 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 57.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{ky \cdot \sin th}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)} \]

   if -0.050000000000000003 < (sin.f64 th) < 1.9999999999999999e-7

   1. Initial program 92.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 86.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 86.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 92.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 92.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 92.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 92.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

      2. clear-num 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

      3. un-div-inv 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

      4. hypot-udef 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      5. unpow2 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}} + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}{\sin ky}} \]

      6. unpow2 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin ky}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      7. +-commutative 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      8. unpow2 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      9. unpow2 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      10. hypot-def 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}}{\sin ky}} \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in th around 0 97.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{th}}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}} \]

   if 0.320000000000000007 < (sin.f64 th) < 0.880000000000000004

   1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 33.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 75.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin th \leq -0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sin th \cdot ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 0.32 \lor \neg \left(\sin th \leq 0.88\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sin th \cdot ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 70.9% accurate, 0.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \sin th \cdot ky\\ t_2 := \mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)\\ t_3 := \frac{t_1}{t_2}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\sin th \leq -0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;t_3\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{th}{\frac{t_2}{\sin ky}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 0.32:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{t_1}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 0.88:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_3\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (sin th) ky))
        (t_2 (hypot (sin kx) (sin ky)))
        (t_3 (/ t_1 t_2)))
   (if (<= (sin th) -0.05)
     t_3
     (if (<= (sin th) 2e-7)
       (/ th (/ t_2 (sin ky)))
       (if (<= (sin th) 0.32)
         (/ 1.0 (/ (hypot (sin ky) (sin kx)) t_1))
         (if (<= (sin th) 0.88) (sin th) t_3))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double t_1 = sin(th) * ky;
	double t_2 = hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky));
	double t_3 = t_1 / t_2;
	double tmp;
	if (sin(th) <= -0.05) {
		tmp = t_3;
	} else if (sin(th) <= 2e-7) {
		tmp = th / (t_2 / sin(ky));
	} else if (sin(th) <= 0.32) {
		tmp = 1.0 / (hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)) / t_1);
	} else if (sin(th) <= 0.88) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = t_3;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double t_1 = Math.sin(th) * ky;
	double t_2 = Math.hypot(Math.sin(kx), Math.sin(ky));
	double t_3 = t_1 / t_2;
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(th) <= -0.05) {
		tmp = t_3;
	} else if (Math.sin(th) <= 2e-7) {
		tmp = th / (t_2 / Math.sin(ky));
	} else if (Math.sin(th) <= 0.32) {
		tmp = 1.0 / (Math.hypot(Math.sin(ky), Math.sin(kx)) / t_1);
	} else if (Math.sin(th) <= 0.88) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = t_3;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	t_1 = math.sin(th) * ky
	t_2 = math.hypot(math.sin(kx), math.sin(ky))
	t_3 = t_1 / t_2
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(th) <= -0.05:
		tmp = t_3
	elif math.sin(th) <= 2e-7:
		tmp = th / (t_2 / math.sin(ky))
	elif math.sin(th) <= 0.32:
		tmp = 1.0 / (math.hypot(math.sin(ky), math.sin(kx)) / t_1)
	elif math.sin(th) <= 0.88:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	else:
		tmp = t_3
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	t_1 = Float64(sin(th) * ky)
	t_2 = hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky))
	t_3 = Float64(t_1 / t_2)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(th) <= -0.05)
		tmp = t_3;
	elseif (sin(th) <= 2e-7)
		tmp = Float64(th / Float64(t_2 / sin(ky)));
	elseif (sin(th) <= 0.32)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 / Float64(hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)) / t_1));
	elseif (sin(th) <= 0.88)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = t_3;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	t_1 = sin(th) * ky;
	t_2 = hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky));
	t_3 = t_1 / t_2;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(th) <= -0.05)
		tmp = t_3;
	elseif (sin(th) <= 2e-7)
		tmp = th / (t_2 / sin(ky));
	elseif (sin(th) <= 0.32)
		tmp = 1.0 / (hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)) / t_1);
	elseif (sin(th) <= 0.88)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = t_3;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * ky), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Sqrt[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(t$95$1 / t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], -0.05], t$95$3, If[LessEqual[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], 2e-7], N[(th / N[(t$95$2 / N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], 0.32], N[(1.0 / N[(N[Sqrt[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2], $MachinePrecision] / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], 0.88], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], t$95$3]]]]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 4 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 th) < -0.050000000000000003 or 0.880000000000000004 < (sin.f64 th)

   1. Initial program 91.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 91.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 91.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 91.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 91.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

      2. hypot-udef 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}} \]

      3. unpow2 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}} + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}} \]

      4. unpow2 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{{\sin ky}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}}}} \]

      5. +-commutative 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

      6. unpow2 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \]

      7. unpow2 91.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}} \]

      8. hypot-def 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 54.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{ky \cdot \sin th}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)} \]

   if -0.050000000000000003 < (sin.f64 th) < 1.9999999999999999e-7

   1. Initial program 92.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 86.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 86.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 92.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 92.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 92.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 92.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

      2. clear-num 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

      3. un-div-inv 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

      4. hypot-udef 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      5. unpow2 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}} + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}{\sin ky}} \]

      6. unpow2 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin ky}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      7. +-commutative 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      8. unpow2 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      9. unpow2 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      10. hypot-def 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}}{\sin ky}} \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in th around 0 97.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{th}}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}} \]

   if 1.9999999999999999e-7 < (sin.f64 th) < 0.320000000000000007

   1. Initial program 85.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 85.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 85.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 85.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 85.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 85.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 85.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 85.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 85.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 85.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 85.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

      2. hypot-udef 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}} \]

      3. unpow2 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}} + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}} \]

      4. unpow2 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{{\sin ky}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}}}} \]

      5. +-commutative 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

      6. unpow2 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \]

      7. unpow2 85.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}} \]

      8. hypot-def 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 85.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{ky \cdot \sin th}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. clear-num 85.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{ky \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      2. inv-pow 85.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{ky \cdot \sin th}\right)}^{-1}} \]

      3. hypot-udef 72.0%

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}}{ky \cdot \sin th}\right)}^{-1} \]

      4. +-commutative 72.0%

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}}{ky \cdot \sin th}\right)}^{-1} \]

      5. hypot-udef 85.9%

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}}{ky \cdot \sin th}\right)}^{-1} \]

      6. *-commutative 85.9%

         \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot ky}}\right)}^{-1} \]

   9. Applied egg-rr 85.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin th \cdot ky}\right)}^{-1}} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow-1 85.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin th \cdot ky}}} \]

       2. *-commutative 85.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\color{blue}{ky \cdot \sin th}}} \]

   11. Simplified 85.9%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{ky \cdot \sin th}}} \]

   if 0.320000000000000007 < (sin.f64 th) < 0.880000000000000004

   1. Initial program 99.8%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 33.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 75.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin th \leq -0.05:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sin th \cdot ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 0.32:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin th \cdot ky}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin th \leq 0.88:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sin th \cdot ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 39.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin ky \leq -0.04:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin ky \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-192} \lor \neg \left(\sin ky \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-150}\right) \land \sin ky \leq 10^{-95}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin ky) -0.04)
   (fabs (sin th))
   (if (or (<= (sin ky) 5e-192)
           (and (not (<= (sin ky) 4e-150)) (<= (sin ky) 1e-95)))
     (* (sin th) (/ ky kx))
     (sin th))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.04) {
		tmp = fabs(sin(th));
	} else if ((sin(ky) <= 5e-192) || (!(sin(ky) <= 4e-150) && (sin(ky) <= 1e-95))) {
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(ky) <= (-0.04d0)) then
        tmp = abs(sin(th))
    else if ((sin(ky) <= 5d-192) .or. (.not. (sin(ky) <= 4d-150)) .and. (sin(ky) <= 1d-95)) then
        tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx)
    else
        tmp = sin(th)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(ky) <= -0.04) {
		tmp = Math.abs(Math.sin(th));
	} else if ((Math.sin(ky) <= 5e-192) || (!(Math.sin(ky) <= 4e-150) && (Math.sin(ky) <= 1e-95))) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(ky) <= -0.04:
		tmp = math.fabs(math.sin(th))
	elif (math.sin(ky) <= 5e-192) or (not (math.sin(ky) <= 4e-150) and (math.sin(ky) <= 1e-95)):
		tmp = math.sin(th) * (ky / kx)
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.04)
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	elseif ((sin(ky) <= 5e-192) || (!(sin(ky) <= 4e-150) && (sin(ky) <= 1e-95)))
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * Float64(ky / kx));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.04)
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	elseif ((sin(ky) <= 5e-192) || (~((sin(ky) <= 4e-150)) && (sin(ky) <= 1e-95)))
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], -0.04], N[Abs[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[Or[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], 5e-192], And[N[Not[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], 4e-150]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], 1e-95]]], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(ky / kx), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 ky) < -0.0400000000000000008

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 2.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 1.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th} \cdot \sqrt{\sin th}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 26.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      3. pow2 26.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 26.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 26.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 30.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   9. Simplified 30.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   if -0.0400000000000000008 < (sin.f64 ky) < 5.0000000000000001e-192 or 4.00000000000000003e-150 < (sin.f64 ky) < 9.99999999999999989e-96

   1. Initial program 82.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 51.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 34.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 34.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 5.0000000000000001e-192 < (sin.f64 ky) < 4.00000000000000003e-150 or 9.99999999999999989e-96 < (sin.f64 ky)

   1. Initial program 97.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 95.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 95.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 97.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 97.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 97.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 97.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 42.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin ky \leq -0.04:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin ky \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-192} \lor \neg \left(\sin ky \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-150}\right) \land \sin ky \leq 10^{-95}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 41.3% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin kx) -0.25)
   (fabs (* (sin ky) (/ th (sin kx))))
   (if (<= (sin kx) 2e-62) (sin th) (* (sin th) (/ (sin ky) (sin kx))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25) {
		tmp = fabs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))));
	} else if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th) * (sin(ky) / sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(kx) <= (-0.25d0)) then
        tmp = abs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))))
    else if (sin(kx) <= 2d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else
        tmp = sin(th) * (sin(ky) / sin(kx))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(kx) <= -0.25) {
		tmp = Math.abs((Math.sin(ky) * (th / Math.sin(kx))));
	} else if (Math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * (Math.sin(ky) / Math.sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(kx) <= -0.25:
		tmp = math.fabs((math.sin(ky) * (th / math.sin(kx))))
	elif math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th) * (math.sin(ky) / math.sin(kx))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25)
		tmp = abs(Float64(sin(ky) * Float64(th / sin(kx))));
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * Float64(sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25)
		tmp = abs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))));
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = sin(th) * (sin(ky) / sin(kx));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], -0.25], N[Abs[N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] * N[(th / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 kx) < -0.25

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 67.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 10.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 8.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      3. pow2 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]

      4. *-commutative 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot th\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \left(th \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)\right)}}^{2}} \]

      6. div-inv 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\sin ky \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{th}{\sin kx}}\right)}^{2}} \]

   8. Applied egg-rr 16.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 28.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   10. Simplified 28.6%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   if -0.25 < (sin.f64 kx) < 2.0000000000000001e-62

   1. Initial program 85.8%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 79.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 79.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 38.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 2.0000000000000001e-62 < (sin.f64 kx)

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 51.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 41.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 41.3% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin ky \cdot \frac{\sin th}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin kx) -0.25)
   (fabs (* (sin ky) (/ th (sin kx))))
   (if (<= (sin kx) 2e-62) (sin th) (* (sin ky) (/ (sin th) (sin kx))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25) {
		tmp = fabs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))));
	} else if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(kx) <= (-0.25d0)) then
        tmp = abs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))))
    else if (sin(kx) <= 2d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else
        tmp = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(kx) <= -0.25) {
		tmp = Math.abs((Math.sin(ky) * (th / Math.sin(kx))));
	} else if (Math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(ky) * (Math.sin(th) / Math.sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(kx) <= -0.25:
		tmp = math.fabs((math.sin(ky) * (th / math.sin(kx))))
	elif math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(ky) * (math.sin(th) / math.sin(kx))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25)
		tmp = abs(Float64(sin(ky) * Float64(th / sin(kx))));
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = Float64(sin(ky) * Float64(sin(th) / sin(kx)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25)
		tmp = abs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))));
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], -0.25], N[Abs[N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] * N[(th / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 kx) < -0.25

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 67.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 10.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 8.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      3. pow2 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]

      4. *-commutative 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot th\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \left(th \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)\right)}}^{2}} \]

      6. div-inv 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\sin ky \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{th}{\sin kx}}\right)}^{2}} \]

   8. Applied egg-rr 16.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 28.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   10. Simplified 28.6%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   if -0.25 < (sin.f64 kx) < 2.0000000000000001e-62

   1. Initial program 85.8%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 79.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 79.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 38.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 2.0000000000000001e-62 < (sin.f64 kx)

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 51.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in ky around inf 51.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sin kx}} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 51.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}}{\sin kx} \]

      2. associate-*l/ 51.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky} \]

   6. Simplified 51.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 41.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin ky \cdot \frac{\sin th}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 44.8% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.1:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin ky \cdot \frac{\sin th}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin kx) -0.1)
   (fabs (* (sin th) (/ (sin ky) (sin kx))))
   (if (<= (sin kx) 2e-62) (sin th) (* (sin ky) (/ (sin th) (sin kx))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.1) {
		tmp = fabs((sin(th) * (sin(ky) / sin(kx))));
	} else if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(kx) <= (-0.1d0)) then
        tmp = abs((sin(th) * (sin(ky) / sin(kx))))
    else if (sin(kx) <= 2d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else
        tmp = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(kx) <= -0.1) {
		tmp = Math.abs((Math.sin(th) * (Math.sin(ky) / Math.sin(kx))));
	} else if (Math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(ky) * (Math.sin(th) / Math.sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(kx) <= -0.1:
		tmp = math.fabs((math.sin(th) * (math.sin(ky) / math.sin(kx))))
	elif math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(ky) * (math.sin(th) / math.sin(kx))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.1)
		tmp = abs(Float64(sin(th) * Float64(sin(ky) / sin(kx))));
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = Float64(sin(ky) * Float64(sin(th) / sin(kx)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.1)
		tmp = abs((sin(th) * (sin(ky) / sin(kx))));
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], -0.1], N[Abs[N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 kx) < -0.10000000000000001

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 9.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-*l/ 9.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sin kx}} \]

      2. *-commutative 9.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}}{\sin kx} \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 9.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}{\sin kx}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 7.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \]

      3. pow2 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]

      4. associate-/l* 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin ky}}\right)}}^{2}} \]

      5. associate-/r/ 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky\right)}}^{2}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 23.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky\right)}^{2}}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky\right)}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 39.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky\right|} \]

      3. associate-*l/ 39.8%

         \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\frac{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}{\sin kx}}\right| \]

      4. associate-*r/ 39.9%

         \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}\right| \]

   9. Simplified 39.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   if -0.10000000000000001 < (sin.f64 kx) < 2.0000000000000001e-62

   1. Initial program 85.0%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 78.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 78.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 84.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 84.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 84.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 84.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 85.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 40.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 2.0000000000000001e-62 < (sin.f64 kx)

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 51.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in ky around inf 51.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sin kx}} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 51.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}}{\sin kx} \]

      2. associate-*l/ 51.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky} \]

   6. Simplified 51.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 44.3%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.1:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin ky \cdot \frac{\sin th}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 44.8% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \sin ky \cdot \frac{\sin th}{\sin kx}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.1:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|t_1\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_1\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* (sin ky) (/ (sin th) (sin kx)))))
   (if (<= (sin kx) -0.1) (fabs t_1) (if (<= (sin kx) 2e-62) (sin th) t_1))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double t_1 = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx));
	double tmp;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.1) {
		tmp = fabs(t_1);
	} else if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx))
    if (sin(kx) <= (-0.1d0)) then
        tmp = abs(t_1)
    else if (sin(kx) <= 2d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else
        tmp = t_1
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double t_1 = Math.sin(ky) * (Math.sin(th) / Math.sin(kx));
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(kx) <= -0.1) {
		tmp = Math.abs(t_1);
	} else if (Math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = t_1;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	t_1 = math.sin(ky) * (math.sin(th) / math.sin(kx))
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(kx) <= -0.1:
		tmp = math.fabs(t_1)
	elif math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	else:
		tmp = t_1
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	t_1 = Float64(sin(ky) * Float64(sin(th) / sin(kx)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.1)
		tmp = abs(t_1);
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	t_1 = sin(ky) * (sin(th) / sin(kx));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.1)
		tmp = abs(t_1);
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = t_1;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], -0.1], N[Abs[t$95$1], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], t$95$1]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 kx) < -0.10000000000000001

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 9.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 7.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin th} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin th}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin th\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin th\right)}} \]

      3. pow2 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin th\right)}^{2}}} \]

      4. *-commutative 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}}^{2}} \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 23.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 23.6%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 39.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

      3. associate-*r/ 39.8%

         \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\frac{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}{\sin kx}}\right| \]

      4. associate-*l/ 39.9%

         \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky}\right| \]

   7. Simplified 39.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky\right|} \]

   if -0.10000000000000001 < (sin.f64 kx) < 2.0000000000000001e-62

   1. Initial program 85.0%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 78.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 78.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 85.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 84.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 84.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 84.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 84.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 85.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 40.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 2.0000000000000001e-62 < (sin.f64 kx)

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 51.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in ky around inf 51.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin th}{\sin kx}} \]
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 51.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin ky}}{\sin kx} \]

      2. associate-*l/ 51.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky} \]

   6. Simplified 51.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\sin kx} \cdot \sin ky} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 44.3%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.1:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{\sin th}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin ky \cdot \frac{\sin th}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 99.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (sin th) (/ (sin ky) (hypot (sin ky) (sin kx)))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return sin(th) * (sin(ky) / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)));
}

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return Math.sin(th) * (Math.sin(ky) / Math.hypot(Math.sin(ky), Math.sin(kx)));
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	return math.sin(th) * (math.sin(ky) / math.hypot(math.sin(ky), math.sin(kx)))

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	return Float64(sin(th) * Float64(sin(ky) / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = sin(th) * (sin(ky) / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)));
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 92.6%

   \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. remove-double-neg 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

   2. sin-neg 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

   3. neg-mul-1 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

   5. associate-*l* 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

   6. associate-*l/ 89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

   7. associate-/r/ 89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

   8. associate-*l/ 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

   9. associate-/r/ 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

   10. sin-neg 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

   11. neg-mul-1 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

   12. associate-/r* 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

   13. associate-/r/ 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

3. Simplified 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Final simplification 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \]
6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 56.4% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;th \leq 0.061:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 6 \cdot 10^{+162}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+244} \lor \neg \left(th \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{+264}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= th 0.061)
   (* (sin ky) (/ th (hypot (sin ky) (sin kx))))
   (if (<= th 6e+162)
     (sin th)
     (if (or (<= th 7e+244) (not (<= th 2.1e+264)))
       (* (sin th) (fabs (/ (sin ky) (sin kx))))
       (fabs (sin th))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (th <= 0.061) {
		tmp = sin(ky) * (th / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)));
	} else if (th <= 6e+162) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else if ((th <= 7e+244) || !(th <= 2.1e+264)) {
		tmp = sin(th) * fabs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	} else {
		tmp = fabs(sin(th));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (th <= 0.061) {
		tmp = Math.sin(ky) * (th / Math.hypot(Math.sin(ky), Math.sin(kx)));
	} else if (th <= 6e+162) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else if ((th <= 7e+244) || !(th <= 2.1e+264)) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * Math.abs((Math.sin(ky) / Math.sin(kx)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.abs(Math.sin(th));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if th <= 0.061:
		tmp = math.sin(ky) * (th / math.hypot(math.sin(ky), math.sin(kx)))
	elif th <= 6e+162:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	elif (th <= 7e+244) or not (th <= 2.1e+264):
		tmp = math.sin(th) * math.fabs((math.sin(ky) / math.sin(kx)))
	else:
		tmp = math.fabs(math.sin(th))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (th <= 0.061)
		tmp = Float64(sin(ky) * Float64(th / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx))));
	elseif (th <= 6e+162)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif ((th <= 7e+244) || !(th <= 2.1e+264))
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * abs(Float64(sin(ky) / sin(kx))));
	else
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (th <= 0.061)
		tmp = sin(ky) * (th / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)));
	elseif (th <= 6e+162)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif ((th <= 7e+244) || ~((th <= 2.1e+264)))
		tmp = sin(th) * abs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	else
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[th, 0.061], N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] * N[(th / N[Sqrt[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[th, 6e+162], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], If[Or[LessEqual[th, 7e+244], N[Not[LessEqual[th, 2.1e+264]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Abs[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 4 regimes

2. if th < 0.060999999999999999

   1. Initial program 92.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 88.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 88.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 61.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. expm1-log1p-u 61.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}\right)\right)} \]

      2. expm1-udef 9.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}\right)} - 1} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 10.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}\right)} - 1} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. expm1-def 70.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}\right)\right)} \]

      2. expm1-log1p 70.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

      3. associate-*r/ 64.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{th \cdot \sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

      4. *-commutative 64.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot th}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)} \]

      5. *-lft-identity 64.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky \cdot th}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

      6. times-frac 70.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{1} \cdot \frac{th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}} \]

      7. /-rgt-identity 70.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin ky} \cdot \frac{th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)} \]

      8. hypot-def 65.7%

         \[\leadsto \sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}} \]

      9. unpow2 65.7%

         \[\leadsto \sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}} + \sin ky \cdot \sin ky}} \]

      10. unpow2 65.7%

          \[\leadsto \sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

      11. +-commutative 65.7%

          \[\leadsto \sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2} + {\sin kx}^{2}}}} \]

      12. unpow2 65.7%

          \[\leadsto \sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky} + {\sin kx}^{2}}} \]

      13. unpow2 65.7%

          \[\leadsto \sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}} \]

      14. hypot-def 70.6%

          \[\leadsto \sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

   9. Simplified 70.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

   if 0.060999999999999999 < th < 5.9999999999999996e162

   1. Initial program 95.3%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 95.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 95.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 22.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 5.9999999999999996e162 < th < 6.99999999999999946e244 or 2.1000000000000001e264 < th

   1. Initial program 94.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 35.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 26.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}\right)} \cdot \sin th \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \cdot \sin th \]

      3. pow2 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 29.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \cdot \sin th \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 39.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \cdot \sin th \]

   7. Simplified 39.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 6.99999999999999946e244 < th < 2.1000000000000001e264

   1. Initial program 80.6%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 20.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th} \cdot \sqrt{\sin th}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      3. pow2 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   9. Simplified 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]
3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 59.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;th \leq 0.061:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 6 \cdot 10^{+162}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 7 \cdot 10^{+244} \lor \neg \left(th \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{+264}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 11: 56.4% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;th \leq 0.122:\\ \;\;\;\;th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 5.6 \cdot 10^{+162}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 3.4 \cdot 10^{+244} \lor \neg \left(th \leq 1.65 \cdot 10^{+265}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= th 0.122)
   (* th (/ (sin ky) (hypot (sin ky) (sin kx))))
   (if (<= th 5.6e+162)
     (sin th)
     (if (or (<= th 3.4e+244) (not (<= th 1.65e+265)))
       (* (sin th) (fabs (/ (sin ky) (sin kx))))
       (fabs (sin th))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (th <= 0.122) {
		tmp = th * (sin(ky) / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)));
	} else if (th <= 5.6e+162) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else if ((th <= 3.4e+244) || !(th <= 1.65e+265)) {
		tmp = sin(th) * fabs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	} else {
		tmp = fabs(sin(th));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (th <= 0.122) {
		tmp = th * (Math.sin(ky) / Math.hypot(Math.sin(ky), Math.sin(kx)));
	} else if (th <= 5.6e+162) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else if ((th <= 3.4e+244) || !(th <= 1.65e+265)) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * Math.abs((Math.sin(ky) / Math.sin(kx)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.abs(Math.sin(th));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if th <= 0.122:
		tmp = th * (math.sin(ky) / math.hypot(math.sin(ky), math.sin(kx)))
	elif th <= 5.6e+162:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	elif (th <= 3.4e+244) or not (th <= 1.65e+265):
		tmp = math.sin(th) * math.fabs((math.sin(ky) / math.sin(kx)))
	else:
		tmp = math.fabs(math.sin(th))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (th <= 0.122)
		tmp = Float64(th * Float64(sin(ky) / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx))));
	elseif (th <= 5.6e+162)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif ((th <= 3.4e+244) || !(th <= 1.65e+265))
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * abs(Float64(sin(ky) / sin(kx))));
	else
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (th <= 0.122)
		tmp = th * (sin(ky) / hypot(sin(ky), sin(kx)));
	elseif (th <= 5.6e+162)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif ((th <= 3.4e+244) || ~((th <= 1.65e+265)))
		tmp = sin(th) * abs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	else
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[th, 0.122], N[(th * N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[th, 5.6e+162], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], If[Or[LessEqual[th, 3.4e+244], N[Not[LessEqual[th, 1.65e+265]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Abs[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 4 regimes

2. if th < 0.122

   1. Initial program 92.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 88.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 88.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{th} \]

   if 0.122 < th < 5.59999999999999981e162

   1. Initial program 95.3%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 95.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 95.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 22.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 5.59999999999999981e162 < th < 3.4000000000000001e244 or 1.6499999999999999e265 < th

   1. Initial program 94.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 35.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 26.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}\right)} \cdot \sin th \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \cdot \sin th \]

      3. pow2 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 29.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \cdot \sin th \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 39.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \cdot \sin th \]

   7. Simplified 39.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 3.4000000000000001e244 < th < 1.6499999999999999e265

   1. Initial program 80.6%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 20.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th} \cdot \sqrt{\sin th}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      3. pow2 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   9. Simplified 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]
3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 59.6%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;th \leq 0.122:\\ \;\;\;\;th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 5.6 \cdot 10^{+162}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 3.4 \cdot 10^{+244} \lor \neg \left(th \leq 1.65 \cdot 10^{+265}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 12: 56.5% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;th \leq 0.009:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+162}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 1.7 \cdot 10^{+246} \lor \neg \left(th \leq 8.5 \cdot 10^{+264}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= th 0.009)
   (/ th (/ (hypot (sin kx) (sin ky)) (sin ky)))
   (if (<= th 2e+162)
     (sin th)
     (if (or (<= th 1.7e+246) (not (<= th 8.5e+264)))
       (* (sin th) (fabs (/ (sin ky) (sin kx))))
       (fabs (sin th))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (th <= 0.009) {
		tmp = th / (hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky)) / sin(ky));
	} else if (th <= 2e+162) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else if ((th <= 1.7e+246) || !(th <= 8.5e+264)) {
		tmp = sin(th) * fabs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	} else {
		tmp = fabs(sin(th));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (th <= 0.009) {
		tmp = th / (Math.hypot(Math.sin(kx), Math.sin(ky)) / Math.sin(ky));
	} else if (th <= 2e+162) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else if ((th <= 1.7e+246) || !(th <= 8.5e+264)) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * Math.abs((Math.sin(ky) / Math.sin(kx)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.abs(Math.sin(th));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if th <= 0.009:
		tmp = th / (math.hypot(math.sin(kx), math.sin(ky)) / math.sin(ky))
	elif th <= 2e+162:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	elif (th <= 1.7e+246) or not (th <= 8.5e+264):
		tmp = math.sin(th) * math.fabs((math.sin(ky) / math.sin(kx)))
	else:
		tmp = math.fabs(math.sin(th))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (th <= 0.009)
		tmp = Float64(th / Float64(hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky)) / sin(ky)));
	elseif (th <= 2e+162)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif ((th <= 1.7e+246) || !(th <= 8.5e+264))
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * abs(Float64(sin(ky) / sin(kx))));
	else
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (th <= 0.009)
		tmp = th / (hypot(sin(kx), sin(ky)) / sin(ky));
	elseif (th <= 2e+162)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif ((th <= 1.7e+246) || ~((th <= 8.5e+264)))
		tmp = sin(th) * abs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	else
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[th, 0.009], N[(th / N[(N[Sqrt[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2 + N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] ^ 2], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[th, 2e+162], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], If[Or[LessEqual[th, 1.7e+246], N[Not[LessEqual[th, 8.5e+264]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Abs[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 4 regimes

2. if th < 0.00899999999999999932

   1. Initial program 92.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 88.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 88.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 92.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 92.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

      2. clear-num 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

      3. un-div-inv 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

      4. hypot-udef 92.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      5. unpow2 92.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}} + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}{\sin ky}} \]

      6. unpow2 92.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin ky}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      7. +-commutative 92.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      8. unpow2 92.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      9. unpow2 92.2%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      10. hypot-def 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}}{\sin ky}} \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in th around 0 70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{th}}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}} \]

   if 0.00899999999999999932 < th < 1.9999999999999999e162

   1. Initial program 95.3%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 95.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 95.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 95.2%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 95.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 22.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 1.9999999999999999e162 < th < 1.69999999999999994e246 or 8.49999999999999976e264 < th

   1. Initial program 94.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 35.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 26.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}\right)} \cdot \sin th \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \cdot \sin th \]

      3. pow2 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 29.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 29.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \cdot \sin th \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 39.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \cdot \sin th \]

   7. Simplified 39.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 1.69999999999999994e246 < th < 8.49999999999999976e264

   1. Initial program 80.6%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 80.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 80.6%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 20.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th} \cdot \sqrt{\sin th}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      3. pow2 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 40.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   9. Simplified 40.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]
3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 59.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;th \leq 0.009:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+162}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;th \leq 1.7 \cdot 10^{+246} \lor \neg \left(th \leq 8.5 \cdot 10^{+264}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 13: 46.8% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin ky \leq -0.06:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin ky \leq 10^{-59}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin ky) -0.06)
   (fabs (sin th))
   (if (<= (sin ky) 1e-59) (* (sin th) (/ ky (sin kx))) (sin th))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06) {
		tmp = fabs(sin(th));
	} else if (sin(ky) <= 1e-59) {
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / sin(kx));
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(ky) <= (-0.06d0)) then
        tmp = abs(sin(th))
    else if (sin(ky) <= 1d-59) then
        tmp = sin(th) * (ky / sin(kx))
    else
        tmp = sin(th)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(ky) <= -0.06) {
		tmp = Math.abs(Math.sin(th));
	} else if (Math.sin(ky) <= 1e-59) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * (ky / Math.sin(kx));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(ky) <= -0.06:
		tmp = math.fabs(math.sin(th))
	elif math.sin(ky) <= 1e-59:
		tmp = math.sin(th) * (ky / math.sin(kx))
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06)
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	elseif (sin(ky) <= 1e-59)
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * Float64(ky / sin(kx)));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06)
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	elseif (sin(ky) <= 1e-59)
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / sin(kx));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], -0.06], N[Abs[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], 1e-59], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(ky / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 ky) < -0.059999999999999998

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 2.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 1.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th} \cdot \sqrt{\sin th}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 27.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      3. pow2 27.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 27.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 27.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 30.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   9. Simplified 30.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   if -0.059999999999999998 < (sin.f64 ky) < 1e-59

   1. Initial program 82.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 47.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 1e-59 < (sin.f64 ky)

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 98.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 98.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 59.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 46.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin ky \leq -0.06:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin ky \leq 10^{-59}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 14: 46.8% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin ky \leq -0.06:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin ky \leq 10^{-59}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin th}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin ky) -0.06)
   (fabs (sin th))
   (if (<= (sin ky) 1e-59) (/ ky (/ (sin kx) (sin th))) (sin th))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06) {
		tmp = fabs(sin(th));
	} else if (sin(ky) <= 1e-59) {
		tmp = ky / (sin(kx) / sin(th));
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(ky) <= (-0.06d0)) then
        tmp = abs(sin(th))
    else if (sin(ky) <= 1d-59) then
        tmp = ky / (sin(kx) / sin(th))
    else
        tmp = sin(th)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(ky) <= -0.06) {
		tmp = Math.abs(Math.sin(th));
	} else if (Math.sin(ky) <= 1e-59) {
		tmp = ky / (Math.sin(kx) / Math.sin(th));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(ky) <= -0.06:
		tmp = math.fabs(math.sin(th))
	elif math.sin(ky) <= 1e-59:
		tmp = ky / (math.sin(kx) / math.sin(th))
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06)
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	elseif (sin(ky) <= 1e-59)
		tmp = Float64(ky / Float64(sin(kx) / sin(th)));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06)
		tmp = abs(sin(th));
	elseif (sin(ky) <= 1e-59)
		tmp = ky / (sin(kx) / sin(th));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], -0.06], N[Abs[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], 1e-59], N[(ky / N[(N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 ky) < -0.059999999999999998

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 2.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 1.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th} \cdot \sqrt{\sin th}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 27.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      3. pow2 27.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 27.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]
   8. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 27.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 30.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   9. Simplified 30.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin th\right|} \]

   if -0.059999999999999998 < (sin.f64 ky) < 1e-59

   1. Initial program 82.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 82.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 82.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 82.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 82.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 82.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 44.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot \sin th}{\sin kx}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-/l* 47.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin th}}} \]

   7. Simplified 47.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin th}}} \]

   if 1e-59 < (sin.f64 ky)

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 98.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 98.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 59.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 46.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin ky \leq -0.06:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin th\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin ky \leq 10^{-59}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin th}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 15: 45.7% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin ky \leq -0.06:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin ky \leq 10^{-59}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin th}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin ky) -0.06)
   (sqrt (pow (sin th) 2.0))
   (if (<= (sin ky) 1e-59) (/ ky (/ (sin kx) (sin th))) (sin th))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06) {
		tmp = sqrt(pow(sin(th), 2.0));
	} else if (sin(ky) <= 1e-59) {
		tmp = ky / (sin(kx) / sin(th));
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(ky) <= (-0.06d0)) then
        tmp = sqrt((sin(th) ** 2.0d0))
    else if (sin(ky) <= 1d-59) then
        tmp = ky / (sin(kx) / sin(th))
    else
        tmp = sin(th)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(ky) <= -0.06) {
		tmp = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(Math.sin(th), 2.0));
	} else if (Math.sin(ky) <= 1e-59) {
		tmp = ky / (Math.sin(kx) / Math.sin(th));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(ky) <= -0.06:
		tmp = math.sqrt(math.pow(math.sin(th), 2.0))
	elif math.sin(ky) <= 1e-59:
		tmp = ky / (math.sin(kx) / math.sin(th))
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06)
		tmp = sqrt((sin(th) ^ 2.0));
	elseif (sin(ky) <= 1e-59)
		tmp = Float64(ky / Float64(sin(kx) / sin(th)));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(ky) <= -0.06)
		tmp = sqrt((sin(th) ^ 2.0));
	elseif (sin(ky) <= 1e-59)
		tmp = ky / (sin(kx) / sin(th));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], -0.06], N[Sqrt[N[Power[N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision], 1e-59], N[(ky / N[(N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 ky) < -0.059999999999999998

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 2.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 1.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th} \cdot \sqrt{\sin th}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 27.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin th \cdot \sin th}} \]

      3. pow2 27.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 27.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}} \]

   if -0.059999999999999998 < (sin.f64 ky) < 1e-59

   1. Initial program 82.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 76.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 82.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 82.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 82.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 82.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 82.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 82.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 44.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot \sin th}{\sin kx}} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-/l* 47.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin th}}} \]

   7. Simplified 47.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin th}}} \]

   if 1e-59 < (sin.f64 ky)

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 98.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 98.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 59.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 45.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin ky \leq -0.06:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{{\sin th}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin ky \leq 10^{-59}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{\sin th}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 16: 38.8% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sin kx}{ky}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin kx) -0.25)
   (fabs (* (sin ky) (/ th (sin kx))))
   (if (<= (sin kx) 2e-62) (sin th) (/ (sin th) (/ (sin kx) ky)))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25) {
		tmp = fabs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))));
	} else if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th) / (sin(kx) / ky);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(kx) <= (-0.25d0)) then
        tmp = abs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))))
    else if (sin(kx) <= 2d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else
        tmp = sin(th) / (sin(kx) / ky)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(kx) <= -0.25) {
		tmp = Math.abs((Math.sin(ky) * (th / Math.sin(kx))));
	} else if (Math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) / (Math.sin(kx) / ky);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(kx) <= -0.25:
		tmp = math.fabs((math.sin(ky) * (th / math.sin(kx))))
	elif math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th) / (math.sin(kx) / ky)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25)
		tmp = abs(Float64(sin(ky) * Float64(th / sin(kx))));
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) / Float64(sin(kx) / ky));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(kx) <= -0.25)
		tmp = abs((sin(ky) * (th / sin(kx))));
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = sin(th) / (sin(kx) / ky);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], -0.25], N[Abs[N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] * N[(th / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision] / ky), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 kx) < -0.25

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 67.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 10.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 8.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      3. pow2 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]

      4. *-commutative 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot th\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \left(th \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)\right)}}^{2}} \]

      6. div-inv 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\sin ky \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{th}{\sin kx}}\right)}^{2}} \]

   8. Applied egg-rr 16.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 16.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 28.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   10. Simplified 28.6%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   if -0.25 < (sin.f64 kx) < 2.0000000000000001e-62

   1. Initial program 85.8%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 79.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 79.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 85.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 85.8%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 38.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 2.0000000000000001e-62 < (sin.f64 kx)

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing
   5. Step-by-step derivation

      1. *-commutative 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}} \]

      2. clear-num 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

      3. un-div-inv 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

      4. hypot-udef 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      5. unpow2 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin ky}^{2}} + \sin kx \cdot \sin kx}}{\sin ky}} \]

      6. unpow2 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin ky}^{2} + \color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      7. +-commutative 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      8. unpow2 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      9. unpow2 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\sin kx \cdot \sin kx + \color{blue}{\sin ky \cdot \sin ky}}}{\sin ky}} \]

      10. hypot-def 99.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}}{\sin ky}} \]

   6. Applied egg-rr 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin kx, \sin ky\right)}{\sin ky}}} \]

   7. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 43.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin kx}{ky}}} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 38.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq -0.25:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sin kx}{ky}}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 17: 31.7% accurate, 1.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;kx \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= kx 5.8e-62) (sin th) (* (sin th) (fabs (/ (sin ky) (sin kx))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (kx <= 5.8e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th) * fabs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (kx <= 5.8d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else
        tmp = sin(th) * abs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (kx <= 5.8e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * Math.abs((Math.sin(ky) / Math.sin(kx)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if kx <= 5.8e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th) * math.fabs((math.sin(ky) / math.sin(kx)))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (kx <= 5.8e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * abs(Float64(sin(ky) / sin(kx))));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (kx <= 5.8e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	else
		tmp = sin(th) * abs((sin(ky) / sin(kx)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[kx, 5.8e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[Abs[N[(N[Sin[ky], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if kx < 5.79999999999999971e-62

   1. Initial program 89.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 85.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 85.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 29.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 5.79999999999999971e-62 < kx

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 38.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 17.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}\right)} \cdot \sin th \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 24.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \cdot \sin th \]

      3. pow2 24.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 24.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 24.0%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}}} \cdot \sin th \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 29.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \cdot \sin th \]

   7. Simplified 29.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \cdot \sin th \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 29.8%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;kx \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \left|\frac{\sin ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 18: 29.2% accurate, 2.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 8 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin kx) 2e-62)
   (sin th)
   (if (<= (sin kx) 8e-6) (* (sin th) (/ ky kx)) (* th (/ ky (sin kx))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else if (sin(kx) <= 8e-6) {
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = th * (ky / sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(kx) <= 2d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else if (sin(kx) <= 8d-6) then
        tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx)
    else
        tmp = th * (ky / sin(kx))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else if (Math.sin(kx) <= 8e-6) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = th * (ky / Math.sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	elif math.sin(kx) <= 8e-6:
		tmp = math.sin(th) * (ky / kx)
	else:
		tmp = th * (ky / math.sin(kx))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 8e-6)
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * Float64(ky / kx));
	else
		tmp = Float64(th * Float64(ky / sin(kx)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 8e-6)
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	else
		tmp = th * (ky / sin(kx));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 8e-6], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(ky / kx), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(th * N[(ky / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 kx) < 2.0000000000000001e-62

   1. Initial program 89.0%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 84.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 84.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 89.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 89.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 89.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 89.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 31.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 2.0000000000000001e-62 < (sin.f64 kx) < 7.99999999999999964e-6

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 52.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 50.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 48.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 7.99999999999999964e-6 < (sin.f64 kx)

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 49.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 21.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot th}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-/l* 21.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]

   8. Simplified 21.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-/r/ 21.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\sin kx} \cdot th} \]

   10. Applied egg-rr 21.1%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\sin kx} \cdot th} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 30.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 8 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 19: 29.2% accurate, 2.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 8 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (sin kx) 2e-62)
   (sin th)
   (if (<= (sin kx) 8e-6) (* (sin th) (/ ky kx)) (* ky (/ th (sin kx))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else if (sin(kx) <= 8e-6) {
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = ky * (th / sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (sin(kx) <= 2d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else if (sin(kx) <= 8d-6) then
        tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx)
    else
        tmp = ky * (th / sin(kx))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (Math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else if (Math.sin(kx) <= 8e-6) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = ky * (th / Math.sin(kx));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if math.sin(kx) <= 2e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	elif math.sin(kx) <= 8e-6:
		tmp = math.sin(th) * (ky / kx)
	else:
		tmp = ky * (th / math.sin(kx))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 8e-6)
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * Float64(ky / kx));
	else
		tmp = Float64(ky * Float64(th / sin(kx)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (sin(kx) <= 2e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif (sin(kx) <= 8e-6)
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	else
		tmp = ky * (th / sin(kx));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 2e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision], 8e-6], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(ky / kx), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(ky * N[(th / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (sin.f64 kx) < 2.0000000000000001e-62

   1. Initial program 89.0%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 84.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 84.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 89.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 89.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 89.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 89.0%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 89.0%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 31.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 2.0000000000000001e-62 < (sin.f64 kx) < 7.99999999999999964e-6

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 52.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 50.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 48.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 7.99999999999999964e-6 < (sin.f64 kx)

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 49.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 21.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot th}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-/l* 21.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]

   8. Simplified 21.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. clear-num 21.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}{ky}}} \]

      2. associate-/r/ 21.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}} \cdot ky} \]

      3. clear-num 21.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{th}{\sin kx}} \cdot ky \]

   10. Applied egg-rr 21.2%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{th}{\sin kx} \cdot ky} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 30.1%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\sin kx \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\sin kx \leq 8 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 20: 27.8% accurate, 3.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;kx \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;kx \leq 9.5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= kx 5.8e-62)
   (sin th)
   (if (<= kx 9.5e-6) (* (sin th) (/ ky kx)) (fabs (* th (/ ky (sin kx)))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (kx <= 5.8e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else if (kx <= 9.5e-6) {
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = fabs((th * (ky / sin(kx))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (kx <= 5.8d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else if (kx <= 9.5d-6) then
        tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx)
    else
        tmp = abs((th * (ky / sin(kx))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (kx <= 5.8e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else if (kx <= 9.5e-6) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.abs((th * (ky / Math.sin(kx))));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if kx <= 5.8e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	elif kx <= 9.5e-6:
		tmp = math.sin(th) * (ky / kx)
	else:
		tmp = math.fabs((th * (ky / math.sin(kx))))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (kx <= 5.8e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif (kx <= 9.5e-6)
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * Float64(ky / kx));
	else
		tmp = abs(Float64(th * Float64(ky / sin(kx))));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (kx <= 5.8e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif (kx <= 9.5e-6)
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	else
		tmp = abs((th * (ky / sin(kx))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[kx, 5.8e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[kx, 9.5e-6], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(ky / kx), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Abs[N[(th * N[(ky / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if kx < 5.79999999999999971e-62

   1. Initial program 89.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 85.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 85.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 29.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 5.79999999999999971e-62 < kx < 9.5000000000000005e-6

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 52.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 50.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 48.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 9.5000000000000005e-6 < kx

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 53.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 13.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot th}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-/l* 13.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]

   8. Simplified 13.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 6.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 8.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}} \cdot \frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}}} \]

      3. pow2 8.7%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}\right)}^{2}}} \]

      4. associate-/r/ 8.7%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{ky}{\sin kx} \cdot th\right)}}^{2}} \]

      5. *-commutative 8.7%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\right)}}^{2}} \]

   10. Applied egg-rr 8.7%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]
   11. Step-by-step derivation

       1. unpow2 8.7%

          \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

       2. rem-sqrt-square 11.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   12. Simplified 11.7%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\right|} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 27.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;kx \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;kx \leq 9.5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|th \cdot \frac{ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 21: 27.8% accurate, 3.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;kx \leq 6.8 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;kx \leq 9 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\frac{th \cdot ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= kx 6.8e-62)
   (sin th)
   (if (<= kx 9e-6) (* (sin th) (/ ky kx)) (fabs (/ (* th ky) (sin kx))))))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (kx <= 6.8e-62) {
		tmp = sin(th);
	} else if (kx <= 9e-6) {
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = fabs(((th * ky) / sin(kx)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (kx <= 6.8d-62) then
        tmp = sin(th)
    else if (kx <= 9d-6) then
        tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx)
    else
        tmp = abs(((th * ky) / sin(kx)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (kx <= 6.8e-62) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	} else if (kx <= 9e-6) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.abs(((th * ky) / Math.sin(kx)));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if kx <= 6.8e-62:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	elif kx <= 9e-6:
		tmp = math.sin(th) * (ky / kx)
	else:
		tmp = math.fabs(((th * ky) / math.sin(kx)))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (kx <= 6.8e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif (kx <= 9e-6)
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * Float64(ky / kx));
	else
		tmp = abs(Float64(Float64(th * ky) / sin(kx)));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (kx <= 6.8e-62)
		tmp = sin(th);
	elseif (kx <= 9e-6)
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	else
		tmp = abs(((th * ky) / sin(kx)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[kx, 6.8e-62], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[kx, 9e-6], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(ky / kx), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Abs[N[(N[(th * ky), $MachinePrecision] / N[Sin[kx], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if kx < 6.79999999999999975e-62

   1. Initial program 89.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 85.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 85.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 89.5%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 89.5%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 29.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]

   if 6.79999999999999975e-62 < kx < 9.00000000000000023e-6

   1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 52.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 50.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 48.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 9.00000000000000023e-6 < kx

   1. Initial program 99.4%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 99.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 99.4%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 99.4%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 53.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 15.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 7.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sqrt{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}}} \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 10.2%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      3. pow2 10.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]

      4. *-commutative 10.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot th\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}} \]

      5. associate-*l* 10.3%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \left(th \cdot \frac{1}{\sin kx}\right)\right)}}^{2}} \]

      6. div-inv 10.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(\sin ky \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{th}{\sin kx}}\right)}^{2}} \]

   8. Applied egg-rr 10.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right)}^{2}}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. unpow2 10.2%

         \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right) \cdot \left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right)}} \]

      2. rem-sqrt-square 14.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   10. Simplified 14.0%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\sin ky \cdot \frac{th}{\sin kx}\right|} \]

   11. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 11.7%

       \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot th}{\sin kx}}\right| \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 27.0%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;kx \leq 6.8 \cdot 10^{-62}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \mathbf{elif}\;kx \leq 9 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left|\frac{th \cdot ky}{\sin kx}\right|\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 22: 26.5% accurate, 5.9× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;ky \leq 8 \cdot 10^{-191} \lor \neg \left(ky \leq 4.15 \cdot 10^{-150}\right) \land ky \leq 10^{-95}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= ky 8e-191) (and (not (<= ky 4.15e-150)) (<= ky 1e-95)))
   (* (sin th) (/ ky kx))
   (sin th)))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if ((ky <= 8e-191) || (!(ky <= 4.15e-150) && (ky <= 1e-95))) {
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((ky <= 8d-191) .or. (.not. (ky <= 4.15d-150)) .and. (ky <= 1d-95)) then
        tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx)
    else
        tmp = sin(th)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if ((ky <= 8e-191) || (!(ky <= 4.15e-150) && (ky <= 1e-95))) {
		tmp = Math.sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if (ky <= 8e-191) or (not (ky <= 4.15e-150) and (ky <= 1e-95)):
		tmp = math.sin(th) * (ky / kx)
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((ky <= 8e-191) || (!(ky <= 4.15e-150) && (ky <= 1e-95)))
		tmp = Float64(sin(th) * Float64(ky / kx));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((ky <= 8e-191) || (~((ky <= 4.15e-150)) && (ky <= 1e-95)))
		tmp = sin(th) * (ky / kx);
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[Or[LessEqual[ky, 8e-191], And[N[Not[LessEqual[ky, 4.15e-150]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[ky, 1e-95]]], N[(N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(ky / kx), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if ky < 8.0000000000000002e-191 or 4.15000000000000003e-150 < ky < 9.99999999999999989e-96

   1. Initial program 90.2%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Add Preprocessing

   3. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 32.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sin kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   4. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 20.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   5. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 20.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx}} \cdot \sin th \]

   if 8.0000000000000002e-191 < ky < 4.15000000000000003e-150 or 9.99999999999999989e-96 < ky

   1. Initial program 96.9%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 96.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 96.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 96.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 96.9%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 96.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 94.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 94.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 96.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 96.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 96.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 96.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 96.9%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 96.9%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 37.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 26.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;ky \leq 8 \cdot 10^{-191} \lor \neg \left(ky \leq 4.15 \cdot 10^{-150}\right) \land ky \leq 10^{-95}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 23: 23.5% accurate, 6.7× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;ky \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{-242}:\\ \;\;\;\;th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= ky 7.5e-242) (* th (/ ky kx)) (sin th)))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (ky <= 7.5e-242) {
		tmp = th * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (ky <= 7.5d-242) then
        tmp = th * (ky / kx)
    else
        tmp = sin(th)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (ky <= 7.5e-242) {
		tmp = th * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.sin(th);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if ky <= 7.5e-242:
		tmp = th * (ky / kx)
	else:
		tmp = math.sin(th)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (ky <= 7.5e-242)
		tmp = Float64(th * Float64(ky / kx));
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (ky <= 7.5e-242)
		tmp = th * (ky / kx);
	else
		tmp = sin(th);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[ky, 7.5e-242], N[(th * N[(ky / kx), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Sin[th], $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if ky < 7.4999999999999998e-242

   1. Initial program 90.3%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 90.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 90.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 90.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 90.3%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 90.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 86.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 86.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 90.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 90.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 90.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 90.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 90.3%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 90.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 39.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 10.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot th}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-/l* 12.0%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]

   8. Simplified 12.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 9.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot th}{kx}} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

       1. associate-/l* 11.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{kx}{th}}} \]

   11. Simplified 11.3%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{kx}{th}}} \]
   12. Step-by-step derivation

       1. associate-/r/ 11.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx} \cdot th} \]

   13. Applied egg-rr 11.3%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx} \cdot th} \]

   if 7.4999999999999998e-242 < ky

   1. Initial program 95.6%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 95.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 95.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 95.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 95.6%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 95.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 92.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 92.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 95.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 95.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 95.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 95.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 95.6%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 95.6%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 33.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 20.9%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;ky \leq 7.5 \cdot 10^{-242}:\\ \;\;\;\;th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin th\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 24: 17.8% accurate, 70.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;ky \leq 7.2 \cdot 10^{-174}:\\ \;\;\;\;th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;th\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= ky 7.2e-174) (* th (/ ky kx)) th))

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (ky <= 7.2e-174) {
		tmp = th * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = th;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (ky <= 7.2d-174) then
        tmp = th * (ky / kx)
    else
        tmp = th
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	double tmp;
	if (ky <= 7.2e-174) {
		tmp = th * (ky / kx);
	} else {
		tmp = th;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	tmp = 0
	if ky <= 7.2e-174:
		tmp = th * (ky / kx)
	else:
		tmp = th
	return tmp

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (ky <= 7.2e-174)
		tmp = Float64(th * Float64(ky / kx));
	else
		tmp = th;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (ky <= 7.2e-174)
		tmp = th * (ky / kx);
	else
		tmp = th;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := If[LessEqual[ky, 7.2e-174], N[(th * N[(ky / kx), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], th]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if ky < 7.19999999999999997e-174

   1. Initial program 89.7%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 89.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 89.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 89.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 89.7%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 89.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 85.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 85.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 89.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 89.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 89.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 89.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 89.7%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 89.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 39.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in ky around 0 11.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot th}{\sin kx}} \]
   7. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-/l* 13.3%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]

   8. Simplified 13.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{\sin kx}{th}}} \]

   9. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 10.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky \cdot th}{kx}} \]
   10. Step-by-step derivation

       1. associate-/l* 12.2%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{kx}{th}}} \]

   11. Simplified 12.2%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{\frac{kx}{th}}} \]
   12. Step-by-step derivation

       1. associate-/r/ 12.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx} \cdot th} \]

   13. Applied egg-rr 12.1%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{ky}{kx} \cdot th} \]

   if 7.19999999999999997e-174 < ky

   1. Initial program 97.1%

      \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. remove-double-neg 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

      2. sin-neg 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

      3. neg-mul-1 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

      4. *-commutative 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

      5. associate-*l* 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

      6. associate-*l/ 95.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

      7. associate-/r/ 95.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

      8. associate-*l/ 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

      9. associate-/r/ 97.1%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

      10. sin-neg 97.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

      11. neg-mul-1 97.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

      12. associate-/r* 97.1%

          \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

      13. associate-/r/ 97.1%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

   3. Simplified 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
   4. Add Preprocessing

   5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 57.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

   6. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 23.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{th} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 16.7%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;ky \leq 7.2 \cdot 10^{-174}:\\ \;\;\;\;th \cdot \frac{ky}{kx}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;th\\ \end{array} \]
5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 25: 13.7% accurate, 709.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ th \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (kx ky th) :precision binary64 th)

C

double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return th;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(kx, ky, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: kx
    real(8), intent (in) :: ky
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = th
end function

Java

public static double code(double kx, double ky, double th) {
	return th;
}

Python

def code(kx, ky, th):
	return th

Julia

function code(kx, ky, th)
	return th
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(kx, ky, th)
	tmp = th;
end

Wolfram

code[kx_, ky_, th_] := th

Derivation

1. Initial program 92.6%

   \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. remove-double-neg 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\sin th\right)\right)} \]

   2. sin-neg 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\sin \left(-th\right)}\right) \]

   3. neg-mul-1 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \left(-th\right) \cdot -1\right)} \]

   5. associate-*l* 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)\right) \cdot -1} \]

   6. associate-*l/ 89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \cdot -1 \]

   7. associate-/r/ 89.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}} \]

   8. associate-*l/ 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}} \cdot \sin \left(-th\right)} \]

   9. associate-/r/ 92.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\sin \left(-th\right)}}} \]

   10. sin-neg 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-\sin th}}} \]

   11. neg-mul-1 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \sin th}}} \]

   12. associate-/r* 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}}{\sin th}}} \]

   13. associate-/r/ 92.6%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}{-1}}{-1}} \cdot \sin th} \]

3. Simplified 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin ky}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(\sin ky, \sin kx\right)} \cdot \sin th} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 46.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(th \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{{\sin kx}^{2} + {\sin ky}^{2}}}} \]

6. Taylor expanded in kx around 0 15.4%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{th} \]

7. Final simplification 15.4%

   \[\leadsto th \]
8. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024021 
(FPCore (kx ky th)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (3b), real"
  :precision binary64
  (* (/ (sin ky) (sqrt (+ (pow (sin kx) 2.0) (pow (sin ky) 2.0)))) (sin th)))