
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (+ y 1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (y + 1.0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (y + 1.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (y + 1.0);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (y + 1.0)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(y + 1.0)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (y + 1.0); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(y + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{y + 1}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 9 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (+ y 1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (y + 1.0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (y + 1.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (y + 1.0);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (y + 1.0)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(y + 1.0)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (y + 1.0); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(y + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{y + 1}
\end{array}
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (+ x y) (+ y 1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (y + 1.0);
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = (x + y) / (y + 1.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return (x + y) / (y + 1.0);
}
def code(x, y): return (x + y) / (y + 1.0)
function code(x, y) return Float64(Float64(x + y) / Float64(y + 1.0)) end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = (x + y) / (y + 1.0); end
code[x_, y_] := N[(N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(y + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{x + y}{y + 1}
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Final simplification100.0%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (/ x (+ y 1.0))))
(if (<= y -1.15e+61)
1.0
(if (<= y -9e-8)
t_0
(if (<= y 1.15e-7) (+ x y) (if (<= y 2.2e+31) t_0 1.0))))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = x / (y + 1.0);
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.15e+61) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= -9e-8) {
tmp = t_0;
} else if (y <= 1.15e-7) {
tmp = x + y;
} else if (y <= 2.2e+31) {
tmp = t_0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: tmp
t_0 = x / (y + 1.0d0)
if (y <= (-1.15d+61)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (y <= (-9d-8)) then
tmp = t_0
else if (y <= 1.15d-7) then
tmp = x + y
else if (y <= 2.2d+31) then
tmp = t_0
else
tmp = 1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = x / (y + 1.0);
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.15e+61) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= -9e-8) {
tmp = t_0;
} else if (y <= 1.15e-7) {
tmp = x + y;
} else if (y <= 2.2e+31) {
tmp = t_0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): t_0 = x / (y + 1.0) tmp = 0 if y <= -1.15e+61: tmp = 1.0 elif y <= -9e-8: tmp = t_0 elif y <= 1.15e-7: tmp = x + y elif y <= 2.2e+31: tmp = t_0 else: tmp = 1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(x / Float64(y + 1.0)) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -1.15e+61) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= -9e-8) tmp = t_0; elseif (y <= 1.15e-7) tmp = Float64(x + y); elseif (y <= 2.2e+31) tmp = t_0; else tmp = 1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) t_0 = x / (y + 1.0); tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -1.15e+61) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= -9e-8) tmp = t_0; elseif (y <= 1.15e-7) tmp = x + y; elseif (y <= 2.2e+31) tmp = t_0; else tmp = 1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x / N[(y + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[y, -1.15e+61], 1.0, If[LessEqual[y, -9e-8], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[y, 1.15e-7], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 2.2e+31], t$95$0, 1.0]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{x}{y + 1}\\
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.15 \cdot 10^{+61}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq -9 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.15 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 2.2 \cdot 10^{+31}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1.15e61 or 2.2000000000000001e31 < y Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 81.4%
if -1.15e61 < y < -8.99999999999999986e-8 or 1.14999999999999997e-7 < y < 2.2000000000000001e31Initial program 99.8%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.7%
+-commutative81.7%
Simplified81.7%
if -8.99999999999999986e-8 < y < 1.14999999999999997e-7Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 99.4%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.9%
Final simplification90.0%
(FPCore (x y)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (/ x (+ y 1.0))))
(if (<= y -4.6e+62)
1.0
(if (<= y -4e-8)
t_0
(if (<= y 1.45e-6) (+ x y) (if (<= y 1.2e+32) t_0 (/ y (+ y 1.0))))))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = x / (y + 1.0);
double tmp;
if (y <= -4.6e+62) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= -4e-8) {
tmp = t_0;
} else if (y <= 1.45e-6) {
tmp = x + y;
} else if (y <= 1.2e+32) {
tmp = t_0;
} else {
tmp = y / (y + 1.0);
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: t_0
real(8) :: tmp
t_0 = x / (y + 1.0d0)
if (y <= (-4.6d+62)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (y <= (-4d-8)) then
tmp = t_0
else if (y <= 1.45d-6) then
tmp = x + y
else if (y <= 1.2d+32) then
tmp = t_0
else
tmp = y / (y + 1.0d0)
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double t_0 = x / (y + 1.0);
double tmp;
if (y <= -4.6e+62) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= -4e-8) {
tmp = t_0;
} else if (y <= 1.45e-6) {
tmp = x + y;
} else if (y <= 1.2e+32) {
tmp = t_0;
} else {
tmp = y / (y + 1.0);
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): t_0 = x / (y + 1.0) tmp = 0 if y <= -4.6e+62: tmp = 1.0 elif y <= -4e-8: tmp = t_0 elif y <= 1.45e-6: tmp = x + y elif y <= 1.2e+32: tmp = t_0 else: tmp = y / (y + 1.0) return tmp
function code(x, y) t_0 = Float64(x / Float64(y + 1.0)) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -4.6e+62) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= -4e-8) tmp = t_0; elseif (y <= 1.45e-6) tmp = Float64(x + y); elseif (y <= 1.2e+32) tmp = t_0; else tmp = Float64(y / Float64(y + 1.0)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) t_0 = x / (y + 1.0); tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -4.6e+62) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= -4e-8) tmp = t_0; elseif (y <= 1.45e-6) tmp = x + y; elseif (y <= 1.2e+32) tmp = t_0; else tmp = y / (y + 1.0); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(x / N[(y + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[y, -4.6e+62], 1.0, If[LessEqual[y, -4e-8], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[y, 1.45e-6], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 1.2e+32], t$95$0, N[(y / N[(y + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{x}{y + 1}\\
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -4.6 \cdot 10^{+62}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-8}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.45 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.2 \cdot 10^{+32}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{y}{y + 1}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -4.59999999999999968e62Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 85.9%
if -4.59999999999999968e62 < y < -4.0000000000000001e-8 or 1.4500000000000001e-6 < y < 1.19999999999999996e32Initial program 99.8%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 81.7%
+-commutative81.7%
Simplified81.7%
if -4.0000000000000001e-8 < y < 1.4500000000000001e-6Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 99.4%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.9%
if 1.19999999999999996e32 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 77.3%
+-commutative77.3%
Simplified77.3%
Final simplification90.0%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -1.0) 1.0 (if (<= y 310.0) (+ x y) (if (<= y 1.3e+34) (/ x y) 1.0))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.0) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= 310.0) {
tmp = x + y;
} else if (y <= 1.3e+34) {
tmp = x / y;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-1.0d0)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (y <= 310.0d0) then
tmp = x + y
else if (y <= 1.3d+34) then
tmp = x / y
else
tmp = 1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.0) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= 310.0) {
tmp = x + y;
} else if (y <= 1.3e+34) {
tmp = x / y;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -1.0: tmp = 1.0 elif y <= 310.0: tmp = x + y elif y <= 1.3e+34: tmp = x / y else: tmp = 1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -1.0) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= 310.0) tmp = Float64(x + y); elseif (y <= 1.3e+34) tmp = Float64(x / y); else tmp = 1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -1.0) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= 310.0) tmp = x + y; elseif (y <= 1.3e+34) tmp = x / y; else tmp = 1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -1.0], 1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 310.0], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 1.3e+34], N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision], 1.0]]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 310:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.3 \cdot 10^{+34}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{x}{y}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1 or 1.29999999999999999e34 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 76.3%
if -1 < y < 310Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 98.7%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 97.9%
if 310 < y < 1.29999999999999999e34Initial program 99.7%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 98.9%
Final simplification87.5%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= y -1.0) (not (<= y 0.78))) (+ 1.0 (/ x y)) (+ x (* y (- 1.0 x)))))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -1.0) || !(y <= 0.78)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (x / y);
} else {
tmp = x + (y * (1.0 - x));
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((y <= (-1.0d0)) .or. (.not. (y <= 0.78d0))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (x / y)
else
tmp = x + (y * (1.0d0 - x))
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -1.0) || !(y <= 0.78)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (x / y);
} else {
tmp = x + (y * (1.0 - x));
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (y <= -1.0) or not (y <= 0.78): tmp = 1.0 + (x / y) else: tmp = x + (y * (1.0 - x)) return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((y <= -1.0) || !(y <= 0.78)) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(x / y)); else tmp = Float64(x + Float64(y * Float64(1.0 - x))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((y <= -1.0) || ~((y <= 0.78))) tmp = 1.0 + (x / y); else tmp = x + (y * (1.0 - x)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -1.0], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 0.78]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x + N[(y * N[(1.0 - x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1 \lor \neg \left(y \leq 0.78\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \frac{x}{y}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y \cdot \left(1 - x\right)\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1 or 0.78000000000000003 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 98.9%
+-commutative98.9%
associate--l+98.9%
+-commutative98.9%
associate--r-98.9%
div-sub98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.9%
neg-mul-198.9%
distribute-neg-frac98.9%
Simplified98.9%
if -1 < y < 0.78000000000000003Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 98.7%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (or (<= y -1.0) (not (<= y 1.0))) (+ 1.0 (/ x y)) (+ x y)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -1.0) || !(y <= 1.0)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (x / y);
} else {
tmp = x + y;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if ((y <= (-1.0d0)) .or. (.not. (y <= 1.0d0))) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (x / y)
else
tmp = x + y
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if ((y <= -1.0) || !(y <= 1.0)) {
tmp = 1.0 + (x / y);
} else {
tmp = x + y;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if (y <= -1.0) or not (y <= 1.0): tmp = 1.0 + (x / y) else: tmp = x + y return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if ((y <= -1.0) || !(y <= 1.0)) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(x / y)); else tmp = Float64(x + y); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if ((y <= -1.0) || ~((y <= 1.0))) tmp = 1.0 + (x / y); else tmp = x + y; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[Or[LessEqual[y, -1.0], N[Not[LessEqual[y, 1.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(1.0 + N[(x / y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1 \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1\right):\\
\;\;\;\;1 + \frac{x}{y}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1 or 1 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 98.9%
+-commutative98.9%
associate--l+98.9%
+-commutative98.9%
associate--r-98.9%
div-sub98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.9%
neg-mul-198.9%
distribute-neg-frac98.9%
Simplified98.9%
if -1 < y < 1Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 98.7%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 97.9%
Final simplification98.4%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -1.0) 1.0 (if (<= y 1.65e+31) (+ x y) 1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.0) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= 1.65e+31) {
tmp = x + y;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-1.0d0)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (y <= 1.65d+31) then
tmp = x + y
else
tmp = 1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.0) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= 1.65e+31) {
tmp = x + y;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -1.0: tmp = 1.0 elif y <= 1.65e+31: tmp = x + y else: tmp = 1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -1.0) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= 1.65e+31) tmp = Float64(x + y); else tmp = 1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -1.0) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= 1.65e+31) tmp = x + y; else tmp = 1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -1.0], 1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 1.65e+31], N[(x + y), $MachinePrecision], 1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.65 \cdot 10^{+31}:\\
\;\;\;\;x + y\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1 or 1.64999999999999996e31 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 76.3%
if -1 < y < 1.64999999999999996e31Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 95.0%
Taylor expanded in x around 0 94.5%
Final simplification85.8%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (if (<= y -1.0) 1.0 (if (<= y 1.65e+31) x 1.0)))
double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.0) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= 1.65e+31) {
tmp = x;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
real(8) :: tmp
if (y <= (-1.0d0)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (y <= 1.65d+31) then
tmp = x
else
tmp = 1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
double tmp;
if (y <= -1.0) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (y <= 1.65e+31) {
tmp = x;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(x, y): tmp = 0 if y <= -1.0: tmp = 1.0 elif y <= 1.65e+31: tmp = x else: tmp = 1.0 return tmp
function code(x, y) tmp = 0.0 if (y <= -1.0) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= 1.65e+31) tmp = x; else tmp = 1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(x, y) tmp = 0.0; if (y <= -1.0) tmp = 1.0; elseif (y <= 1.65e+31) tmp = x; else tmp = 1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[x_, y_] := If[LessEqual[y, -1.0], 1.0, If[LessEqual[y, 1.65e+31], x, 1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.65 \cdot 10^{+31}:\\
\;\;\;\;x\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if y < -1 or 1.64999999999999996e31 < y Initial program 99.9%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 76.3%
if -1 < y < 1.64999999999999996e31Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around 0 70.5%
Final simplification73.3%
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 1.0)
double code(double x, double y) {
return 1.0;
}
real(8) function code(x, y)
real(8), intent (in) :: x
real(8), intent (in) :: y
code = 1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double x, double y) {
return 1.0;
}
def code(x, y): return 1.0
function code(x, y) return 1.0 end
function tmp = code(x, y) tmp = 1.0; end
code[x_, y_] := 1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
1
\end{array}
Initial program 100.0%
Taylor expanded in y around inf 38.5%
Final simplification38.5%
herbie shell --seed 2024019
(FPCore (x y)
:name "Data.Colour.SRGB:invTransferFunction from colour-2.3.3"
:precision binary64
(/ (+ x y) (+ y 1.0)))