NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B

Percentage Accurate: 79.3% → 99.6%
Time: 10.1s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 1.1×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 79.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ (/ PI 2.0) (- b a)) (/ (+ (/ 1.0 a) (/ -1.0 b)) (+ b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) / (b - a)) * (((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b)) / (b + a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) / (b - a)) * (((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b)) / (b + a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) / (b - a)) * (((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b)) / (b + a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) / Float64(b - a)) * Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) + Float64(-1.0 / b)) / Float64(b + a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) / (b - a)) * (((1.0 / a) + (-1.0 / b)) / (b + a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b - a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] + N[(-1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity80.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a} \]
  6. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 96.3% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+98}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(b + a\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -5e+98)
   (* (/ (- PI) a) (/ -0.5 (* b a)))
   (* 0.5 (/ PI (* b (* a (+ b a)))))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -5e+98) {
		tmp = (-((double) M_PI) / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (b * (a * (b + a))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -5e+98) {
		tmp = (-Math.PI / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (Math.PI / (b * (a * (b + a))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -5e+98:
		tmp = (-math.pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a))
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 * (math.pi / (b * (a * (b + a))))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -5e+98)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-pi) / a) * Float64(-0.5 / Float64(b * a)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(b * Float64(a * Float64(b + a)))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -5e+98)
		tmp = (-pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	else
		tmp = 0.5 * (pi / (b * (a * (b + a))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -5e+98], N[(N[((-Pi) / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(b * N[(a * N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+98}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(b + a\right)\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -4.9999999999999998e98

    1. Initial program 70.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/70.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity70.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/70.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares88.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative88.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u91.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-udef73.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
      3. *-commutative73.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
      4. *-commutative73.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      5. div-inv73.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      6. metadata-eval73.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      7. associate-/l*73.0%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. Applied egg-rr73.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def91.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
      3. associate-/l*99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
      4. times-frac99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      6. neg-mul-199.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      8. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      9. times-frac99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
      10. *-commutative99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
    9. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around 0 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. mul-1-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi}}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    12. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]

    if -4.9999999999999998e98 < a

    1. Initial program 82.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv82.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares90.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/l/91.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}{b + a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. frac-sub91.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1}{a \cdot b}} \]
      5. frac-times98.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
      6. div-inv98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
      8. *-un-lft-identity98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{b} - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \cdot \left(b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in b around 0 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    7. Simplified98.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u76.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-udef54.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\right)} - 1} \]
      3. *-commutative54.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\right)} - 1 \]
      4. *-un-lft-identity54.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
      5. times-frac54.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{1} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
      6. metadata-eval54.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{0.5} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\right)} - 1 \]
      7. *-commutative54.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
      8. *-commutative54.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}\right)} - 1 \]
    9. Applied egg-rr54.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}\right)} - 1} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def76.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p98.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*l*94.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(b + a\right)\right)}} \]
      4. +-commutative94.7%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a + b\right)}\right)} \]
    11. Simplified94.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(a + b\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification95.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+98}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot \left(b + a\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 96.7% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+133}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b + a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -5e+133)
   (* (/ (- PI) a) (/ -0.5 (* b a)))
   (* (/ PI (* a (+ b a))) (/ 0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -5e+133) {
		tmp = (-((double) M_PI) / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / (a * (b + a))) * (0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -5e+133) {
		tmp = (-Math.PI / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.PI / (a * (b + a))) * (0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -5e+133:
		tmp = (-math.pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a))
	else:
		tmp = (math.pi / (a * (b + a))) * (0.5 / b)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -5e+133)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-pi) / a) * Float64(-0.5 / Float64(b * a)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / Float64(a * Float64(b + a))) * Float64(0.5 / b));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -5e+133)
		tmp = (-pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	else
		tmp = (pi / (a * (b + a))) * (0.5 / b);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -5e+133], N[(N[((-Pi) / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(Pi / N[(a * N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+133}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b + a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -4.99999999999999961e133

    1. Initial program 60.3%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/60.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/60.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares84.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative84.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-udef82.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
      3. *-commutative82.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
      4. *-commutative82.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      5. div-inv82.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      6. metadata-eval82.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      7. associate-/l*82.2%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. Applied egg-rr82.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
      3. associate-/l*100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
      4. times-frac99.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      6. neg-mul-199.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-in99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      8. metadata-eval99.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      9. times-frac100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
      10. *-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
    9. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. mul-1-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi}}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    12. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]

    if -4.99999999999999961e133 < a

    1. Initial program 83.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Add Preprocessing
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. un-div-inv83.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. difference-of-squares91.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-/l/91.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}{b + a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. frac-sub91.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1}{a \cdot b}} \]
      5. frac-times98.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
      6. div-inv98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
      8. *-un-lft-identity98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{b} - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \cdot \left(b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in b around 0 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    7. Simplified98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*95.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(b + a\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot b}} \]
      2. times-frac95.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr95.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification96.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+133}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(b + a\right)} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 72.6% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.36 \cdot 10^{-117}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b \cdot a}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -1.36e-117)
   (* (/ (- PI) a) (/ -0.5 (* b a)))
   (/ (* PI (/ 0.5 b)) (* b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.36e-117) {
		tmp = (-((double) M_PI) / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / b)) / (b * a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -1.36e-117) {
		tmp = (-Math.PI / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.PI * (0.5 / b)) / (b * a);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -1.36e-117:
		tmp = (-math.pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a))
	else:
		tmp = (math.pi * (0.5 / b)) / (b * a)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -1.36e-117)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(-pi) / a) * Float64(-0.5 / Float64(b * a)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / b)) / Float64(b * a));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -1.36e-117)
		tmp = (-pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	else
		tmp = (pi * (0.5 / b)) / (b * a);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -1.36e-117], N[(N[((-Pi) / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.36 \cdot 10^{-117}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b \cdot a}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.35999999999999996e-117

    1. Initial program 80.6%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/80.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity80.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/80.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares90.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative90.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-udef67.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
      3. *-commutative67.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
      4. *-commutative67.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      5. div-inv67.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      6. metadata-eval67.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      7. associate-/l*67.3%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. Applied egg-rr67.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p90.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
      3. associate-/l*90.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
      4. times-frac90.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative90.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      6. neg-mul-190.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-in90.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      8. metadata-eval90.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      9. times-frac90.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
      10. *-commutative90.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
    9. Simplified90.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around 0 79.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/79.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. mul-1-neg79.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi}}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    12. Simplified79.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-\pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]

    if -1.35999999999999996e-117 < a

    1. Initial program 80.0%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/80.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity80.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/80.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares90.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative90.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 59.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u48.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-udef37.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
      3. *-commutative37.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
      4. *-commutative37.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      5. div-inv37.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      6. metadata-eval37.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      7. associate-/l*37.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. Applied egg-rr37.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def48.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p59.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
      3. associate-/l*59.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
      4. times-frac59.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative59.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      6. neg-mul-159.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-in59.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      8. metadata-eval59.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      9. times-frac59.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
      10. *-commutative59.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
    9. Simplified59.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 26.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative26.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}} \]
      2. associate-/l/26.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b} \]
      3. frac-times26.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt14.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}}\right)} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
      5. sqrt-unprod49.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
      6. frac-times49.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot b}}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
      7. metadata-eval49.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.25}}{b \cdot b}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
      8. metadata-eval49.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot 0.5}}{b \cdot b}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
      9. frac-times49.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
      10. sqrt-unprod38.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}}\right)} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
      11. add-sqr-sqrt71.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
      12. *-commutative71.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    12. Applied egg-rr71.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{b \cdot a}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification74.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.36 \cdot 10^{-117}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b \cdot a}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 66.9% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -7 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot -2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= a -7e+126)
   (/ (/ PI a) (* (* b a) -2.0))
   (/ (/ 0.5 b) (* a (/ b PI)))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -7e+126) {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / a) / ((b * a) * -2.0);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * (b / ((double) M_PI)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (a <= -7e+126) {
		tmp = (Math.PI / a) / ((b * a) * -2.0);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * (b / Math.PI));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if a <= -7e+126:
		tmp = (math.pi / a) / ((b * a) * -2.0)
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * (b / math.pi))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (a <= -7e+126)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / a) / Float64(Float64(b * a) * -2.0));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 / b) / Float64(a * Float64(b / pi)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (a <= -7e+126)
		tmp = (pi / a) / ((b * a) * -2.0);
	else
		tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * (b / pi));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[a, -7e+126], N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision] * -2.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * N[(b / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -7 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot -2}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -7.0000000000000005e126

    1. Initial program 61.4%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/61.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity61.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/61.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares85.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative85.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/99.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}}{b - a}} \]
      2. clear-num99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{2}{\pi}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}}{b - a} \]
      3. frac-times99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}}{b - a} \]
      4. *-un-lft-identity99.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
      5. add-sqr-sqrt60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-1}{b}}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
      6. sqrt-unprod79.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-1}{b} \cdot \frac{-1}{b}}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
      7. frac-times79.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot -1}{b \cdot b}}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
      8. metadata-eval79.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot b}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
      9. metadata-eval79.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{b \cdot b}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
      10. frac-times79.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{b} \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
      11. sqrt-unprod32.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{b}}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
      12. add-sqr-sqrt79.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{b}}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr79.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \left(b + a\right)}}{b - a}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in a around 0 79.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/79.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
      2. *-commutative79.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{a \cdot b}}{b - a} \]
    9. Simplified79.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a \cdot b}}}{b - a} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u79.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-udef80.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{a \cdot b}}{b - a}\right)} - 1} \]
      3. times-frac80.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    11. Applied egg-rr80.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)} - 1} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def79.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p79.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b - a}} \]
      3. associate-/l*79.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{\frac{b - a}{\frac{0.5}{b}}}} \]
    13. Simplified79.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{\frac{b - a}{\frac{0.5}{b}}}} \]
    14. Taylor expanded in b around 0 79.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{\color{blue}{-2 \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]

    if -7.0000000000000005e126 < a

    1. Initial program 83.5%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/83.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity83.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/83.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares91.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative91.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 65.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u53.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-udef42.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
      3. *-commutative42.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
      4. *-commutative42.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      5. div-inv42.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      6. metadata-eval42.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
      7. associate-/l*42.6%

        \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. Applied egg-rr42.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def53.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p65.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
      3. associate-/l*65.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
      4. times-frac65.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative65.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      6. neg-mul-165.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-in65.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      8. metadata-eval65.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
      9. times-frac65.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
      10. *-commutative65.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
    9. Simplified65.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 29.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. clear-num29.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b}{\pi}}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. associate-/l/29.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{b}{\pi}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}} \]
      3. frac-times29.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a}} \]
      4. *-un-lft-identity29.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{b}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
      5. add-sqr-sqrt15.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
      6. sqrt-unprod46.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
      7. frac-times46.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
      8. metadata-eval46.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.25}}{b \cdot b}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
      9. metadata-eval46.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot 0.5}}{b \cdot b}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
      10. frac-times46.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
      11. sqrt-unprod33.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
      12. add-sqr-sqrt65.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    12. Applied egg-rr65.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification67.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -7 \cdot 10^{+126}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot -2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 99.0% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* PI 0.5) (* (+ b a) (* b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) * 0.5) / ((b + a) * (b * a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI * 0.5) / ((b + a) * (b * a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi * 0.5) / ((b + a) * (b * a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi * 0.5) / Float64(Float64(b + a) * Float64(b * a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi * 0.5) / ((b + a) * (b * a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Add Preprocessing
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. difference-of-squares90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-/l/91.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}{b + a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. frac-sub91.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}{b + a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    5. frac-times99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    6. div-inv99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    7. metadata-eval99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a} \cdot \left(1 \cdot b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    8. *-un-lft-identity99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{b} - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr99.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a} \cdot \left(b - a \cdot 1\right)}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in b around 0 99.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
  7. Simplified99.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification99.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 30.6% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ -0.5 (* b a)) (/ PI b)))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (-0.5 / (b * a)) * (((double) M_PI) / b);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (-0.5 / (b * a)) * (Math.PI / b);
}
def code(a, b):
	return (-0.5 / (b * a)) * (math.pi / b)
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(-0.5 / Float64(b * a)) * Float64(pi / b))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (-0.5 / (b * a)) * (pi / b);
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(-0.5 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity80.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 70.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef48.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. *-commutative48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. *-commutative48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. div-inv48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    6. metadata-eval48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. associate-/l*48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
  7. Applied egg-rr48.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
    3. associate-/l*70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
    4. times-frac70.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
    6. neg-mul-170.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    8. metadata-eval70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    9. times-frac70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. *-commutative70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
  9. Simplified70.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 32.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
  11. Final simplification32.3%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b} \]
  12. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 62.7% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \frac{a}{\frac{0.5}{b}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ PI (* b (/ a (/ 0.5 b)))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((double) M_PI) / (b * (a / (0.5 / b)));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return Math.PI / (b * (a / (0.5 / b)));
}
def code(a, b):
	return math.pi / (b * (a / (0.5 / b)))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(pi / Float64(b * Float64(a / Float64(0.5 / b))))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = pi / (b * (a / (0.5 / b)));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(Pi / N[(b * N[(a / N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi}{b \cdot \frac{a}{\frac{0.5}{b}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity80.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 70.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef48.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. *-commutative48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. *-commutative48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. div-inv48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    6. metadata-eval48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. associate-/l*48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
  7. Applied egg-rr48.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
    3. associate-/l*70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
    4. times-frac70.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
    6. neg-mul-170.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    8. metadata-eval70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    9. times-frac70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. *-commutative70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
  9. Simplified70.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 32.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}} \]
    2. associate-/l/32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b} \]
    3. clear-num32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{a}{\frac{-0.5}{b}}}} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b} \]
    4. frac-times32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \pi}{\frac{a}{\frac{-0.5}{b}} \cdot b}} \]
    5. *-un-lft-identity32.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi}}{\frac{a}{\frac{-0.5}{b}} \cdot b} \]
    6. add-sqr-sqrt16.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}}}} \cdot b} \]
    7. sqrt-unprod46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}}}} \cdot b} \]
    8. frac-times46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot b}}}} \cdot b} \]
    9. metadata-eval46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.25}}{b \cdot b}}} \cdot b} \]
    10. metadata-eval46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot 0.5}}{b \cdot b}}} \cdot b} \]
    11. frac-times46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}} \cdot b} \]
    12. sqrt-unprod32.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}}}} \cdot b} \]
    13. add-sqr-sqrt62.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b}}} \cdot b} \]
  12. Applied egg-rr62.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{a}{\frac{0.5}{b}} \cdot b}} \]
  13. Final simplification62.3%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \frac{a}{\frac{0.5}{b}}} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 62.9% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* PI (/ 0.5 b)) (* b a)))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / b)) / (b * a);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI * (0.5 / b)) / (b * a);
}
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi * (0.5 / b)) / (b * a)
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / b)) / Float64(b * a))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi * (0.5 / b)) / (b * a);
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b \cdot a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity80.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 70.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef48.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. *-commutative48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. *-commutative48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. div-inv48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    6. metadata-eval48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. associate-/l*48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
  7. Applied egg-rr48.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
    3. associate-/l*70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
    4. times-frac70.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
    6. neg-mul-170.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    8. metadata-eval70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    9. times-frac70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. *-commutative70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
  9. Simplified70.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 32.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}} \]
    2. associate-/l/32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b} \]
    3. frac-times32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt16.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}}\right)} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
    6. frac-times46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot b}}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. metadata-eval46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.25}}{b \cdot b}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
    8. metadata-eval46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot 0.5}}{b \cdot b}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
    9. frac-times46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
    10. sqrt-unprod32.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}}\right)} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
    11. add-sqr-sqrt62.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b}} \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b} \]
    12. *-commutative62.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
  12. Applied egg-rr62.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \pi}{b \cdot a}} \]
  13. Final simplification62.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{b \cdot a} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 62.9% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (/ 0.5 b) (* a (/ b PI))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 / b) / (a * (b / ((double) M_PI)));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 / b) / (a * (b / Math.PI));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 / b) / (a * (b / math.pi))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 / b) / Float64(a * Float64(b / pi)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 / b) / (a * (b / pi));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * N[(b / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 80.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity80.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/80.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in a around inf 70.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef48.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. *-commutative48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. *-commutative48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. div-inv48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    6. metadata-eval48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b - a}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. associate-/l*48.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
  7. Applied egg-rr48.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def60.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{b - a}{0.5}}} \]
    3. associate-/l*70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{b \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b - a}} \]
    4. times-frac70.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
    6. neg-mul-170.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    8. metadata-eval70.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)} \]
    9. times-frac70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. *-commutative70.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
  9. Simplified70.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b - a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 32.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-num32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b}{\pi}}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{a \cdot b} \]
    2. associate-/l/32.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{b}{\pi}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-0.5}{b}}{a}} \]
    3. frac-times32.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a}} \]
    4. *-un-lft-identity32.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{b}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    5. add-sqr-sqrt16.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    6. sqrt-unprod46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{-0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    7. frac-times46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot -0.5}{b \cdot b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    8. metadata-eval46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.25}}{b \cdot b}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    9. metadata-eval46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot 0.5}}{b \cdot b}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    10. frac-times46.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    11. sqrt-unprod32.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{0.5}{b}}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
    12. add-sqr-sqrt62.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{b}}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a} \]
  12. Applied egg-rr62.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{\frac{b}{\pi} \cdot a}} \]
  13. Final simplification62.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024019 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))