
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 9 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (/ -4.0 (/ s (* (pow (cbrt PI) 3.0) (+ (* u -0.25) (fma u -0.25 0.25)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (-4.0f / (s / (powf(cbrtf(((float) M_PI)), 3.0f) * ((u * -0.25f) + fmaf(u, -0.25f, 0.25f)))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(-4.0) / Float32(s / Float32((cbrt(Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(3.0)) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)) + fma(u, Float32(-0.25), Float32(0.25))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \frac{-4}{\frac{s}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi}\right)}^{3} \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25 + \mathsf{fma}\left(u, -0.25, 0.25\right)\right)}}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.5%
Simplified11.5%
add-log-exp11.5%
Applied egg-rr11.5%
distribute-rgt-neg-out11.5%
associate-*r/11.5%
fma-def11.5%
fma-neg11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
rem-log-exp11.5%
Applied egg-rr11.5%
distribute-rgt-neg-in11.5%
associate-/l*11.5%
distribute-neg-frac11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
fma-udef11.5%
fma-udef11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
+-commutative11.5%
associate-*r*11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
+-commutative11.5%
associate-*r*11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
distribute-rgt-out11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
+-commutative11.5%
Simplified11.5%
add-cube-cbrt11.5%
pow311.5%
Applied egg-rr11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (pow (cbrt (* s (* 4.0 (/ (fma (* u PI) 0.5 (* PI -0.25)) s)))) 3.0))
float code(float u, float s) {
return powf(cbrtf((s * (4.0f * (fmaf((u * ((float) M_PI)), 0.5f, (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f)) / s)))), 3.0f);
}
function code(u, s) return cbrt(Float32(s * Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(fma(Float32(u * Float32(pi)), Float32(0.5), Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25))) / s)))) ^ Float32(3.0) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
{\left(\sqrt[3]{s \cdot \left(4 \cdot \frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(u \cdot \pi, 0.5, \pi \cdot -0.25\right)}{s}\right)}\right)}^{3}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.5%
associate--r+11.5%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.5%
distribute-rgt-out--11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
Simplified11.5%
add-cube-cbrt11.5%
pow311.5%
distribute-lft-neg-in11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
fma-def11.5%
Applied egg-rr11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (+ (* PI -0.25) (* 0.5 (pow (cbrt (* u PI)) 3.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * -0.25f) + (0.5f * powf(cbrtf((u * ((float) M_PI))), 3.0f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(0.5) * (cbrt(Float32(u * Float32(pi))) ^ Float32(3.0))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.25 + 0.5 \cdot {\left(\sqrt[3]{u \cdot \pi}\right)}^{3}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.5%
associate--r+11.5%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.5%
distribute-rgt-out--11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
Simplified11.5%
add-cube-cbrt11.5%
pow311.5%
Applied egg-rr11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (* s (/ (* PI (+ (* u -0.25) (fma u -0.25 0.25))) s))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * (s * ((((float) M_PI) * ((u * -0.25f) + fmaf(u, -0.25f, 0.25f))) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)) + fma(u, Float32(-0.25), Float32(0.25)))) / s))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(s \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25 + \mathsf{fma}\left(u, -0.25, 0.25\right)\right)}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.5%
Simplified11.5%
expm1-log1p-u0.6%
expm1-udef0.6%
distribute-lft-neg-in0.6%
metadata-eval0.6%
fma-def0.6%
fma-neg0.6%
metadata-eval0.6%
Applied egg-rr0.6%
expm1-def0.6%
expm1-log1p11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
associate-*l*11.5%
Simplified11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (* PI (+ (* u -0.25) (fma u -0.25 0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * ((u * -0.25f) + fmaf(u, -0.25f, 0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)) + fma(u, Float32(-0.25), Float32(0.25))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25 + \mathsf{fma}\left(u, -0.25, 0.25\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
div-inv98.9%
add-cube-cbrt98.9%
associate-*l*98.9%
pow298.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 11.5%
Simplified11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
div-inv98.9%
add-cube-cbrt98.9%
associate-*l*98.9%
pow298.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.5%
associate--r+11.5%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
distribute-rgt-out--11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
distribute-rgt-in11.5%
associate-*l*11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
associate-*l*11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
Simplified11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- (* 2.0 (* u PI)) PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return (2.0f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) - ((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) - Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = (single(2.0) * (u * single(pi))) - single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.5%
associate--r+11.5%
cancel-sign-sub-inv11.5%
distribute-rgt-out--11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
metadata-eval11.5%
*-commutative11.5%
Simplified11.5%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.3%
neg-mul-111.3%
Simplified11.3%
Final simplification11.3%
herbie shell --seed 2024018
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))