Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)

Percentage Accurate: 76.4% → 96.5%
Time: 27.5s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 1.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 76.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (* (cos M) (exp (- (- (fabs (- n m)) l) (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) * exp(((fabs((n - m)) - l) - pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0)));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) * exp(((abs((n - m)) - l) - ((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0)))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((Math.abs((n - m)) - l) - Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0)));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) * math.exp(((math.fabs((n - m)) - l) - math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0)))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - l) - (Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) * exp(((abs((n - m)) - l) - ((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - l), $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.5%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. +-commutative79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    3. fabs-sub79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  3. Simplified79.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg96.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  7. Simplified96.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification96.4%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \]
  9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 86.7% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq 56:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right) - n\right) + \left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= n 56.0)
   (*
    (cos M)
    (exp (+ (* (- (* m 0.5) M) (- (- M (* m 0.5)) n)) (- (fabs (- n m)) l))))
   (* (cos M) (exp (* -0.25 (pow n 2.0))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 56.0) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((((m * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (m * 0.5)) - n)) + (fabs((n - m)) - l)));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (n <= 56.0d0) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((((m * 0.5d0) - m_1) * ((m_1 - (m * 0.5d0)) - n)) + (abs((n - m)) - l)))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((-0.25d0) * (n ** 2.0d0)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 56.0) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((((m * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (m * 0.5)) - n)) + (Math.abs((n - m)) - l)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if n <= 56.0:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(((((m * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (m * 0.5)) - n)) + (math.fabs((n - m)) - l)))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(n, 2.0)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (n <= 56.0)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) - M) * Float64(Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5)) - n)) + Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - l))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (n <= 56.0)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((((m * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (m * 0.5)) - n)) + (abs((n - m)) - l)));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, 56.0], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[n, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;n \leq 56:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right) - n\right) + \left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if n < 56

    1. Initial program 80.4%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*81.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative81.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub81.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative81.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified81.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg95.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified95.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 83.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative83.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow283.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out87.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative87.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative87.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified87.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]

    if 56 < n

    1. Initial program 76.8%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*76.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative76.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub76.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative76.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified76.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-sqr-sqrt100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. sqrt-unprod100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. pow-prod-up100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. div-inv100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. fma-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 98.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{n}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
    12. Simplified98.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{n}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification90.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq 56:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right) - n\right) + \left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 86.7% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+52}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(M - n \cdot 0.5\right) - m\right) + \left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= m -8e+52)
   (* (cos M) (exp (* (pow m 2.0) -0.25)))
   (*
    (cos M)
    (exp (+ (* (- (* n 0.5) M) (- (- M (* n 0.5)) m)) (- (fabs (- n m)) l))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -8e+52) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((pow(m, 2.0) * -0.25));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((((n * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (n * 0.5)) - m)) + (fabs((n - m)) - l)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (m <= (-8d+52)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((m ** 2.0d0) * (-0.25d0)))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((((n * 0.5d0) - m_1) * ((m_1 - (n * 0.5d0)) - m)) + (abs((n - m)) - l)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -8e+52) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((Math.pow(m, 2.0) * -0.25));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((((n * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (n * 0.5)) - m)) + (Math.abs((n - m)) - l)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -8e+52:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((math.pow(m, 2.0) * -0.25))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(((((n * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (n * 0.5)) - m)) + (math.fabs((n - m)) - l)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -8e+52)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64((m ^ 2.0) * -0.25)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(n * 0.5) - M) * Float64(Float64(M - Float64(n * 0.5)) - m)) + Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - l))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -8e+52)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((m ^ 2.0) * -0.25));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((((n * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (n * 0.5)) - m)) + (abs((n - m)) - l)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[m, -8e+52], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[Power[m, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * -0.25), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(N[(N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(M - N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+52}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(M - n \cdot 0.5\right) - m\right) + \left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if m < -7.9999999999999999e52

    1. Initial program 74.5%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*74.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative74.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub74.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative74.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified74.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg97.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-sqr-sqrt97.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. sqrt-unprod97.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. pow-prod-up97.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. div-inv97.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. fma-neg97.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval97.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval97.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr97.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in m around inf 97.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative97.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
    12. Simplified97.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]

    if -7.9999999999999999e52 < m

    1. Initial program 80.6%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*81.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative81.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub81.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative81.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified81.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg96.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified96.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in m around 0 79.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative79.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)}^{2} + m \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow279.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)} + m \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out84.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right) + m\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative84.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{n \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right) + m\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative84.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{n \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + m\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified84.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + m\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification87.2%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -8 \cdot 10^{+52}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(M - n \cdot 0.5\right) - m\right) + \left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 72.0% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{-158}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq -6.4 \cdot 10^{-211}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 4.4:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (exp (- (fabs (- n m)) (+ l (* (* m 0.5) (+ n (* m 0.5))))))))
   (if (<= n -1.7e-158)
     t_0
     (if (<= n -6.4e-211)
       (* (cos M) (exp (- (pow M 2.0))))
       (if (<= n 4.4) t_0 (* (cos M) (exp (* -0.25 (pow n 2.0)))))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = exp((fabs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	double tmp;
	if (n <= -1.7e-158) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (n <= -6.4e-211) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-pow(M, 2.0));
	} else if (n <= 4.4) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5d0) * (n + (m * 0.5d0))))))
    if (n <= (-1.7d-158)) then
        tmp = t_0
    else if (n <= (-6.4d-211)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-(m_1 ** 2.0d0))
    else if (n <= 4.4d0) then
        tmp = t_0
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((-0.25d0) * (n ** 2.0d0)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = Math.exp((Math.abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	double tmp;
	if (n <= -1.7e-158) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (n <= -6.4e-211) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-Math.pow(M, 2.0));
	} else if (n <= 4.4) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((-0.25 * Math.pow(n, 2.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	t_0 = math.exp((math.fabs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))))
	tmp = 0
	if n <= -1.7e-158:
		tmp = t_0
	elif n <= -6.4e-211:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-math.pow(M, 2.0))
	elif n <= 4.4:
		tmp = t_0
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((-0.25 * math.pow(n, 2.0)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = exp(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - Float64(l + Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) * Float64(n + Float64(m * 0.5))))))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (n <= -1.7e-158)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (n <= -6.4e-211)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-(M ^ 2.0))));
	elseif (n <= 4.4)
		tmp = t_0;
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (n <= -1.7e-158)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (n <= -6.4e-211)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-(M ^ 2.0));
	elseif (n <= 4.4)
		tmp = t_0;
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((-0.25 * (n ^ 2.0)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Exp[N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(l + N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(n + N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[n, -1.7e-158], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[n, -6.4e-211], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[Power[M, 2.0], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 4.4], t$95$0, N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(-0.25 * N[Power[n, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;n \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{-158}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0\\

\mathbf{elif}\;n \leq -6.4 \cdot 10^{-211}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 4.4:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if n < -1.7e-158 or -6.39999999999999971e-211 < n < 4.4000000000000004

    1. Initial program 79.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*80.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative80.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub80.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative80.2%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified80.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg95.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified95.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 81.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative81.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow281.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out86.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative86.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative86.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified86.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in M around 0 70.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.5 \cdot \left(m \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*70.1%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)}\right)} \]
    13. Simplified70.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}} \]

    if -1.7e-158 < n < -6.39999999999999971e-211

    1. Initial program 93.8%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified93.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 93.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg93.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified93.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-sqr-sqrt93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. sqrt-unprod93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. pow-prod-up93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. div-inv93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. fma-neg93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval93.8%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr93.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in M around inf 82.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg82.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]
    12. Simplified82.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]

    if 4.4000000000000004 < n

    1. Initial program 75.7%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*75.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative75.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub75.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative75.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified75.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-sqr-sqrt100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. sqrt-unprod100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. pow-prod-up100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. div-inv100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. fma-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in n around inf 97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative97.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{n}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
    12. Simplified97.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{n}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification78.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{-158}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq -6.4 \cdot 10^{-211}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 4.4:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-0.25 \cdot {n}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 81.6% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -22000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 0.122\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= M -22000.0) (not (<= M 0.122)))
   (* (cos M) (exp (- (pow M 2.0))))
   (exp (- (fabs (- n m)) (+ l (* (* m 0.5) (+ n (* m 0.5))))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -22000.0) || !(M <= 0.122)) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = exp((fabs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((m_1 <= (-22000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (m_1 <= 0.122d0))) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-(m_1 ** 2.0d0))
    else
        tmp = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5d0) * (n + (m * 0.5d0))))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -22000.0) || !(M <= 0.122)) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-Math.pow(M, 2.0));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp((Math.abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if (M <= -22000.0) or not (M <= 0.122):
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-math.pow(M, 2.0))
	else:
		tmp = math.exp((math.fabs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((M <= -22000.0) || !(M <= 0.122))
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-(M ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - Float64(l + Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) * Float64(n + Float64(m * 0.5))))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((M <= -22000.0) || ~((M <= 0.122)))
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-(M ^ 2.0));
	else
		tmp = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[Or[LessEqual[M, -22000.0], N[Not[LessEqual[M, 0.122]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-N[Power[M, 2.0], $MachinePrecision])], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(l + N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(n + N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;M \leq -22000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 0.122\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if M < -22000 or 0.122 < M

    1. Initial program 78.4%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*78.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative78.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub78.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative78.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified78.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-sqr-sqrt100.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. sqrt-unprod98.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. pow-prod-up98.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. div-inv98.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. fma-neg98.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval98.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval98.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr98.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in M around inf 97.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot {M}^{2}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg97.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]
    12. Simplified97.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-{M}^{2}}} \]

    if -22000 < M < 0.122

    1. Initial program 80.5%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*81.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative81.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub81.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative81.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified81.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 92.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg92.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified92.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 65.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative65.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow265.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out68.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative68.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative68.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified68.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in M around 0 68.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.5 \cdot \left(m \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*68.7%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)}\right)} \]
    13. Simplified68.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification83.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -22000 \lor \neg \left(M \leq 0.122\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-{M}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 71.8% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := n + m \cdot 0.5\\ \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+77} \lor \neg \left(M \leq 0.122\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(\left(t_0 - m \cdot -0.5\right) - M\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot t_0\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (+ n (* m 0.5))))
   (if (or (<= M -8.2e+77) (not (<= M 0.122)))
     (* (cos M) (exp (* M (- (- t_0 (* m -0.5)) M))))
     (exp (- (fabs (- n m)) (+ l (* (* m 0.5) t_0)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = n + (m * 0.5);
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -8.2e+77) || !(M <= 0.122)) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((M * ((t_0 - (m * -0.5)) - M)));
	} else {
		tmp = exp((fabs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * t_0))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = n + (m * 0.5d0)
    if ((m_1 <= (-8.2d+77)) .or. (.not. (m_1 <= 0.122d0))) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((m_1 * ((t_0 - (m * (-0.5d0))) - m_1)))
    else
        tmp = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5d0) * t_0))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = n + (m * 0.5);
	double tmp;
	if ((M <= -8.2e+77) || !(M <= 0.122)) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((M * ((t_0 - (m * -0.5)) - M)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp((Math.abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * t_0))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	t_0 = n + (m * 0.5)
	tmp = 0
	if (M <= -8.2e+77) or not (M <= 0.122):
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((M * ((t_0 - (m * -0.5)) - M)))
	else:
		tmp = math.exp((math.fabs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * t_0))))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = Float64(n + Float64(m * 0.5))
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((M <= -8.2e+77) || !(M <= 0.122))
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(M * Float64(Float64(t_0 - Float64(m * -0.5)) - M))));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - Float64(l + Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) * t_0))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = n + (m * 0.5);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((M <= -8.2e+77) || ~((M <= 0.122)))
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((M * ((t_0 - (m * -0.5)) - M)));
	else
		tmp = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * t_0))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(n + N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[Or[LessEqual[M, -8.2e+77], N[Not[LessEqual[M, 0.122]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(M * N[(N[(t$95$0 - N[(m * -0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(l + N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := n + m \cdot 0.5\\
\mathbf{if}\;M \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+77} \lor \neg \left(M \leq 0.122\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(\left(t_0 - m \cdot -0.5\right) - M\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot t_0\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if M < -8.2000000000000002e77 or 0.122 < M

    1. Initial program 77.4%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*77.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative77.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub77.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative77.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified77.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 80.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative80.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow280.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out89.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative89.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative89.7%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified89.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in M around inf 72.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(M \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right) + -0.5 \cdot m\right)\right) + -1 \cdot {M}^{2}}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. distribute-lft-out72.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \left(M \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right) + -0.5 \cdot m\right) + {M}^{2}\right)}} \]
      2. mul-1-neg72.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\left(M \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right) + -0.5 \cdot m\right) + {M}^{2}\right)}} \]
      3. +-commutative72.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{-\color{blue}{\left({M}^{2} + M \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right) + -0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}} \]
      4. unpow272.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{-\left(\color{blue}{M \cdot M} + M \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right) + -0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)} \]
      5. distribute-lft-out79.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{-\color{blue}{M \cdot \left(M + \left(-1 \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right) + -0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}} \]
      6. +-commutative79.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{-M \cdot \left(M + \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot m + -1 \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}\right)} \]
      7. mul-1-neg79.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{-M \cdot \left(M + \left(-0.5 \cdot m + \color{blue}{\left(-\left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}\right)\right)} \]
      8. unsub-neg79.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{-M \cdot \left(M + \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot m - \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}\right)} \]
      9. *-commutative79.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{-M \cdot \left(M + \left(\color{blue}{m \cdot -0.5} - \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)\right)} \]
    13. Simplified79.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-M \cdot \left(M + \left(m \cdot -0.5 - \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)\right)}} \]

    if -8.2000000000000002e77 < M < 0.122

    1. Initial program 81.2%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*81.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative81.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub81.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative81.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified81.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 93.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg93.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified93.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 67.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative67.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow267.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out69.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative69.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative69.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified69.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in M around 0 68.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.5 \cdot \left(m \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*68.5%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)}\right)} \]
    13. Simplified68.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification73.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -8.2 \cdot 10^{+77} \lor \neg \left(M \leq 0.122\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(\left(\left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right) - m \cdot -0.5\right) - M\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 62.2% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq 1.26 \cdot 10^{+171}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= n 1.26e+171)
   (exp (- (fabs (- n m)) (+ l (* (* m 0.5) (+ n (* m 0.5))))))
   (* (cos M) (exp (* n (- M (* m 0.5)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 1.26e+171) {
		tmp = exp((fabs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (n <= 1.26d+171) then
        tmp = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5d0) * (n + (m * 0.5d0))))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((n * (m_1 - (m * 0.5d0))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 1.26e+171) {
		tmp = Math.exp((Math.abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if n <= 1.26e+171:
		tmp = math.exp((math.fabs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (n <= 1.26e+171)
		tmp = exp(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - Float64(l + Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) * Float64(n + Float64(m * 0.5))))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(n * Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5)))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (n <= 1.26e+171)
		tmp = exp((abs((n - m)) - (l + ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5))))));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, 1.26e+171], N[Exp[N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[(l + N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(n + N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(n * N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;n \leq 1.26 \cdot 10^{+171}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if n < 1.26000000000000004e171

    1. Initial program 80.9%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*81.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative81.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub81.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative81.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified81.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg95.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified95.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 80.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative80.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow280.0%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out85.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative85.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative85.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified85.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in M around 0 65.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + 0.5 \cdot \left(m \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*65.9%

        \[\leadsto e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)}\right)} \]
    13. Simplified65.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(0.5 \cdot m\right) \cdot \left(n + 0.5 \cdot m\right)\right)}} \]

    if 1.26000000000000004e171 < n

    1. Initial program 71.1%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*71.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative71.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub71.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative71.1%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified71.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 32.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative32.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow232.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out40.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative40.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative40.4%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified40.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in n around inf 43.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification62.5%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq 1.26 \cdot 10^{+171}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{\left|n - m\right| - \left(\ell + \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 54.7% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l 4e-9)
   (* (cos M) (exp (* n (- M (* m 0.5)))))
   (* (cos M) (exp (- l)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 4e-9) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= 4d-9) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((n * (m_1 - (m * 0.5d0))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 4e-9) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= 4e-9:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= 4e-9)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(n * Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= 4e-9)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((n * (M - (m * 0.5))));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, 4e-9], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(n * N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if l < 4.00000000000000025e-9

    1. Initial program 77.0%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*77.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative77.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub77.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative77.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified77.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg95.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified95.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 67.3%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + {\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2}\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative67.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. unpow267.3%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)} + n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. distribute-rgt-out74.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. *-commutative74.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. *-commutative74.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{m \cdot 0.5} - M\right) + n\right)\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Simplified74.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right) + n\right)}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in n around inf 33.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(M - 0.5 \cdot m\right)}} \]

    if 4.00000000000000025e-9 < l

    1. Initial program 85.9%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*85.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      2. +-commutative85.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
      3. fabs-sub85.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
      4. +-commutative85.9%

        \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. Simplified85.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Add Preprocessing
    5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg98.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. Simplified98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-sqr-sqrt98.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      2. sqrt-unprod98.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      3. pow-prod-up98.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      4. div-inv98.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      5. fma-neg98.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      6. metadata-eval98.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
      7. metadata-eval98.6%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr98.6%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in l around inf 94.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. mul-1-neg94.5%

        \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
    12. Simplified94.5%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification50.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \]
  5. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 35.9% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \cdot e^{-\ell} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (* (cos M) (exp (- l))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) * exp(-l);
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) * exp(-l)
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(-l);
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) * math.exp(-l)
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(-l)))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) * exp(-l);
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M \cdot e^{-\ell}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.5%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. +-commutative79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    3. fabs-sub79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  3. Simplified79.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg96.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  7. Simplified96.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt96.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    2. sqrt-unprod95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. pow-prod-up95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    4. div-inv95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    5. fma-neg95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. metadata-eval95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr95.7%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in l around inf 36.1%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \ell}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg36.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  12. Simplified36.1%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-\ell}} \]
  13. Final simplification36.1%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{-\ell} \]
  14. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 7.0% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (cos M))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M);
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1)
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M);
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M)
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return cos(M)
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M);
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.5%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\color{blue}{\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. +-commutative79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{n + m}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    3. fabs-sub79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{n + m}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \color{blue}{\left|n - m\right|}\right)} \]
    4. +-commutative79.9%

      \[\leadsto \cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{\color{blue}{m + n}}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  3. Simplified79.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(\frac{K}{\frac{2}{m + n}} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Add Preprocessing
  5. Taylor expanded in K around 0 96.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg96.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  7. Simplified96.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt96.4%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    2. sqrt-unprod95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    3. pow-prod-up95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    4. div-inv95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(m + n\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2}} - M\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    5. fma-neg95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \frac{1}{2}, -M\right)\right)}}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    6. metadata-eval95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, \color{blue}{0.5}, -M\right)\right)}^{\left(2 + 2\right)}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
    7. metadata-eval95.7%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr95.7%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\left(-\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(m + n, 0.5, -M\right)\right)}^{4}}}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in m around inf 50.8%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{-0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative50.8%

      \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
  12. Simplified50.8%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \cdot e^{\color{blue}{{m}^{2} \cdot -0.25}} \]
  13. Taylor expanded in m around 0 7.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos M} \]
  14. Final simplification7.7%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \]
  15. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024017 
(FPCore (K m n M l)
  :name "Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M)) (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))