Migdal et al, Equation (64)

Percentage Accurate: 99.6% → 99.6%

Time: 11.7s

Alternatives: 9

Speedup: 2.0×

• 44.0% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}}\\ t_1 \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + t_1 \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a1 a2 th)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (/ (cos th) (sqrt 2.0))))
   (+ (* t_1 (* a1 a1)) (* t_1 (* a2 a2)))))

C

double code(double a1, double a2, double th) {
	double t_1 = cos(th) / sqrt(2.0);
	return (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a1, a2, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: t_1
    t_1 = cos(th) / sqrt(2.0d0)
    code = (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2))
end function

Java

public static double code(double a1, double a2, double th) {
	double t_1 = Math.cos(th) / Math.sqrt(2.0);
	return (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2));
}

Python

def code(a1, a2, th):
	t_1 = math.cos(th) / math.sqrt(2.0)
	return (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2))

Julia

function code(a1, a2, th)
	t_1 = Float64(cos(th) / sqrt(2.0))
	return Float64(Float64(t_1 * Float64(a1 * a1)) + Float64(t_1 * Float64(a2 * a2)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a1, a2, th)
	t_1 = cos(th) / sqrt(2.0);
	tmp = (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2));
end

Wolfram

code[a1_, a2_, th_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Cos[th], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(t$95$1 * N[(a1 * a1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$1 * N[(a2 * a2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Initial Program: 99.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}}\\ t_1 \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + t_1 \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (a1 a2 th)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (/ (cos th) (sqrt 2.0))))
   (+ (* t_1 (* a1 a1)) (* t_1 (* a2 a2)))))

C

double code(double a1, double a2, double th) {
	double t_1 = cos(th) / sqrt(2.0);
	return (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(a1, a2, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    real(8) :: t_1
    t_1 = cos(th) / sqrt(2.0d0)
    code = (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2))
end function

Java

public static double code(double a1, double a2, double th) {
	double t_1 = Math.cos(th) / Math.sqrt(2.0);
	return (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2));
}

Python

def code(a1, a2, th):
	t_1 = math.cos(th) / math.sqrt(2.0)
	return (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2))

Julia

function code(a1, a2, th)
	t_1 = Float64(cos(th) / sqrt(2.0))
	return Float64(Float64(t_1 * Float64(a1 * a1)) + Float64(t_1 * Float64(a2 * a2)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(a1, a2, th)
	t_1 = cos(th) / sqrt(2.0);
	tmp = (t_1 * (a1 * a1)) + (t_1 * (a2 * a2));
end

Wolfram

code[a1_, a2_, th_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[Cos[th], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(t$95$1 * N[(a1 * a1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$1 * N[(a2 * a2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Alternative 1: 99.6% accurate, 1.3× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2_m, a2_m, a1 \cdot a1\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (sqrt 0.5) (cos th)) (fma a2_m a2_m (* a1 a1))))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return (sqrt(0.5) * cos(th)) * fma(a2_m, a2_m, (a1 * a1));
}

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(Float64(sqrt(0.5) * cos(th)) * fma(a2_m, a2_m, Float64(a1 * a1)))
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(N[(N[Sqrt[0.5], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[th], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a2$95$m * a2$95$m + N[(a1 * a1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2 + a1 \cdot a1\right)} \]

   3. fma-def 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. clear-num 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\cos th}}} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   2. associate-/r/ 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   3. pow1/2 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{2}^{0.5}}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   4. pow-flip 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{{2}^{\left(-0.5\right)}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   5. metadata-eval 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left({2}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({2}^{-0.5} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

7. Taylor expanded in th around inf 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos th \cdot \sqrt{0.5}\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

9. Simplified 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

10. Final simplification 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 99.6% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2_m \cdot a2_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (sqrt 0.5) (cos th)) (+ (* a1 a1) (* a2_m a2_m))))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return (sqrt(0.5) * cos(th)) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m));
}

Fortran

a2_m = abs(a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(8) function code(a1, a2_m, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = (sqrt(0.5d0) * cos(th)) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m))
end function

Java

a2_m = Math.abs(a2);
assert a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th;
public static double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return (Math.sqrt(0.5) * Math.cos(th)) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m));
}

Python

a2_m = math.fabs(a2)
[a1, a2_m, th] = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
def code(a1, a2_m, th):
	return (math.sqrt(0.5) * math.cos(th)) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m))

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(Float64(sqrt(0.5) * cos(th)) * Float64(Float64(a1 * a1) + Float64(a2_m * a2_m)))
end

MATLAB

a2_m = abs(a2);
a1, a2_m, th = num2cell(sort([a1, a2_m, th])){:}
function tmp = code(a1, a2_m, th)
	tmp = (sqrt(0.5) * cos(th)) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m));
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(N[(N[Sqrt[0.5], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[th], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(a1 * a1), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a2$95$m * a2$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. clear-num 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\cos th}}} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   2. associate-/r/ 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   3. pow1/2 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{2}^{0.5}}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   4. pow-flip 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{{2}^{\left(-0.5\right)}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   5. metadata-eval 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left({2}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({2}^{-0.5} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]

7. Taylor expanded in th around inf 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\cos th \cdot \sqrt{0.5}\right)} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

9. Simplified 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]

10. Final simplification 99.6%

    \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 65.9% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ \sqrt{0.5} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2_m, a2_m, a1 \cdot a1\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (sqrt 0.5) (fma a2_m a2_m (* a1 a1))))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return sqrt(0.5) * fma(a2_m, a2_m, (a1 * a1));
}

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(sqrt(0.5) * fma(a2_m, a2_m, Float64(a1 * a1)))
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(N[Sqrt[0.5], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a2$95$m * a2$95$m + N[(a1 * a1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. +-commutative 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right)} \]

   2. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2 + a1 \cdot a1\right)} \]

   3. fma-def 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. clear-num 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\cos th}}} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   2. associate-/r/ 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   3. pow1/2 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{2}^{0.5}}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   4. pow-flip 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{{2}^{\left(-0.5\right)}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   5. metadata-eval 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left({2}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({2}^{-0.5} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

7. Taylor expanded in th around 0 64.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{0.5}} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

8. Final simplification 64.3%

   \[\leadsto \sqrt{0.5} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 78.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ \cos th \cdot \left(a2_m \cdot \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot a2_m\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (cos th) (* a2_m (* (sqrt 0.5) a2_m))))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return cos(th) * (a2_m * (sqrt(0.5) * a2_m));
}

Fortran

a2_m = abs(a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(8) function code(a1, a2_m, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = cos(th) * (a2_m * (sqrt(0.5d0) * a2_m))
end function

Java

a2_m = Math.abs(a2);
assert a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th;
public static double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return Math.cos(th) * (a2_m * (Math.sqrt(0.5) * a2_m));
}

Python

a2_m = math.fabs(a2)
[a1, a2_m, th] = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
def code(a1, a2_m, th):
	return math.cos(th) * (a2_m * (math.sqrt(0.5) * a2_m))

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(cos(th) * Float64(a2_m * Float64(sqrt(0.5) * a2_m)))
end

MATLAB

a2_m = abs(a2);
a1, a2_m, th = num2cell(sort([a1, a2_m, th])){:}
function tmp = code(a1, a2_m, th)
	tmp = cos(th) * (a2_m * (sqrt(0.5) * a2_m));
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(N[Cos[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a2$95$m * N[(N[Sqrt[0.5], $MachinePrecision] * a2$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in a1 around 0 54.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2} \cdot \cos th}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2}}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th} \]

7. Simplified 54.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2}}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th} \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-un-lft-identity 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot {a2}^{2}}}{\sqrt{2}} \]

   2. pow2 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a2 \cdot a2\right)}}{\sqrt{2}} \]

   3. associate-*l/ 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

   4. associate-*r* 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2} \]

   5. add-sqr-sqrt 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}\right)} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   6. sqrt-unprod 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   7. frac-times 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}}}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   8. metadata-eval 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   9. rem-square-sqrt 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{2}}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   10. metadata-eval 35.0%

       \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{0.5}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

9. Applied egg-rr 54.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2\right)} \cdot \cos th \]

10. Final simplification 54.1%

    \[\leadsto \cos th \cdot \left(a2 \cdot \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot a2\right)\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 78.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ a2_m \cdot \left(a2_m \cdot \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th)
 :precision binary64
 (* a2_m (* a2_m (/ (cos th) (sqrt 2.0)))))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return a2_m * (a2_m * (cos(th) / sqrt(2.0)));
}

Fortran

a2_m = abs(a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(8) function code(a1, a2_m, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = a2_m * (a2_m * (cos(th) / sqrt(2.0d0)))
end function

Java

a2_m = Math.abs(a2);
assert a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th;
public static double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return a2_m * (a2_m * (Math.cos(th) / Math.sqrt(2.0)));
}

Python

a2_m = math.fabs(a2)
[a1, a2_m, th] = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
def code(a1, a2_m, th):
	return a2_m * (a2_m * (math.cos(th) / math.sqrt(2.0)))

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(a2_m * Float64(a2_m * Float64(cos(th) / sqrt(2.0))))
end

MATLAB

a2_m = abs(a2);
a1, a2_m, th = num2cell(sort([a1, a2_m, th])){:}
function tmp = code(a1, a2_m, th)
	tmp = a2_m * (a2_m * (cos(th) / sqrt(2.0)));
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(a2$95$m * N[(a2$95$m * N[(N[Cos[th], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in a1 around 0 54.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2} \cdot \cos th}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2}}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th} \]

7. Simplified 54.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2}}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th} \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos th \cdot \frac{{a2}^{2}}{\sqrt{2}}} \]

   2. pow2 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \cos th \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{a2 \cdot a2}}{\sqrt{2}} \]

   3. clear-num 54.0%

      \[\leadsto \cos th \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{a2 \cdot a2}}} \]

   4. un-div-inv 54.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{a2 \cdot a2}}} \]

   5. pow2 54.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos th}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\color{blue}{{a2}^{2}}}} \]

9. Applied egg-rr 54.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{{a2}^{2}}}} \]
10. Step-by-step derivation

    1. pow2 54.0%

       \[\leadsto \frac{\cos th}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\color{blue}{a2 \cdot a2}}} \]

    2. associate-/r/ 54.0%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

    3. associate-*r* 54.1%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2} \]

11. Applied egg-rr 54.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2} \]

12. Final simplification 54.1%

    \[\leadsto a2 \cdot \left(a2 \cdot \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \]
13. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 78.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ \cos th \cdot \left(a2_m \cdot \frac{a2_m}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (cos th) (* a2_m (/ a2_m (sqrt 2.0)))))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return cos(th) * (a2_m * (a2_m / sqrt(2.0)));
}

Fortran

a2_m = abs(a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(8) function code(a1, a2_m, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = cos(th) * (a2_m * (a2_m / sqrt(2.0d0)))
end function

Java

a2_m = Math.abs(a2);
assert a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th;
public static double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return Math.cos(th) * (a2_m * (a2_m / Math.sqrt(2.0)));
}

Python

a2_m = math.fabs(a2)
[a1, a2_m, th] = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
def code(a1, a2_m, th):
	return math.cos(th) * (a2_m * (a2_m / math.sqrt(2.0)))

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(cos(th) * Float64(a2_m * Float64(a2_m / sqrt(2.0))))
end

MATLAB

a2_m = abs(a2);
a1, a2_m, th = num2cell(sort([a1, a2_m, th])){:}
function tmp = code(a1, a2_m, th)
	tmp = cos(th) * (a2_m * (a2_m / sqrt(2.0)));
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(N[Cos[th], $MachinePrecision] * N[(a2$95$m * N[(a2$95$m / N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in a1 around 0 54.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2} \cdot \cos th}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
6. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*l/ 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2}}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th} \]

7. Simplified 54.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2}}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th} \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. pow2 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{a2 \cdot a2}}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th \]

   2. *-un-lft-identity 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{a2 \cdot a2}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sqrt{2}}} \cdot \cos th \]

   3. times-frac 54.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a2}{1} \cdot \frac{a2}{\sqrt{2}}\right)} \cdot \cos th \]

9. Applied egg-rr 54.1%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a2}{1} \cdot \frac{a2}{\sqrt{2}}\right)} \cdot \cos th \]

10. Final simplification 54.1%

    \[\leadsto \cos th \cdot \left(a2 \cdot \frac{a2}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \]
11. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 65.9% accurate, 3.8× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ \sqrt{0.5} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2_m \cdot a2_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th)
 :precision binary64
 (* (sqrt 0.5) (+ (* a1 a1) (* a2_m a2_m))))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return sqrt(0.5) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m));
}

Fortran

a2_m = abs(a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(8) function code(a1, a2_m, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = sqrt(0.5d0) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m))
end function

Java

a2_m = Math.abs(a2);
assert a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th;
public static double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return Math.sqrt(0.5) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m));
}

Python

a2_m = math.fabs(a2)
[a1, a2_m, th] = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
def code(a1, a2_m, th):
	return math.sqrt(0.5) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m))

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(sqrt(0.5) * Float64(Float64(a1 * a1) + Float64(a2_m * a2_m)))
end

MATLAB

a2_m = abs(a2);
a1, a2_m, th = num2cell(sort([a1, a2_m, th])){:}
function tmp = code(a1, a2_m, th)
	tmp = sqrt(0.5) * ((a1 * a1) + (a2_m * a2_m));
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(N[Sqrt[0.5], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(a1 * a1), $MachinePrecision] + N[(a2$95$m * a2$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. clear-num 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\cos th}}} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   2. associate-/r/ 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   3. pow1/2 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{2}^{0.5}}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   4. pow-flip 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{{2}^{\left(-0.5\right)}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

   5. metadata-eval 99.6%

      \[\leadsto \left({2}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}} \cdot \cos th\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(a2, a2, a1 \cdot a1\right) \]

6. Applied egg-rr 99.6%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left({2}^{-0.5} \cdot \cos th\right)} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]

7. Taylor expanded in th around 0 64.3%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{0.5}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]

8. Final simplification 64.3%

   \[\leadsto \sqrt{0.5} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
9. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 52.9% accurate, 4.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ a2_m \cdot \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot a2_m\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th) :precision binary64 (* a2_m (* (sqrt 0.5) a2_m)))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return a2_m * (sqrt(0.5) * a2_m);
}

Fortran

a2_m = abs(a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(8) function code(a1, a2_m, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = a2_m * (sqrt(0.5d0) * a2_m)
end function

Java

a2_m = Math.abs(a2);
assert a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th;
public static double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return a2_m * (Math.sqrt(0.5) * a2_m);
}

Python

a2_m = math.fabs(a2)
[a1, a2_m, th] = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
def code(a1, a2_m, th):
	return a2_m * (math.sqrt(0.5) * a2_m)

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(a2_m * Float64(sqrt(0.5) * a2_m))
end

MATLAB

a2_m = abs(a2);
a1, a2_m, th = num2cell(sort([a1, a2_m, th])){:}
function tmp = code(a1, a2_m, th)
	tmp = a2_m * (sqrt(0.5) * a2_m);
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(a2$95$m * N[(N[Sqrt[0.5], $MachinePrecision] * a2$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 64.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]

6. Taylor expanded in a1 around 0 34.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a2}^{2}}{\sqrt{2}}} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-un-lft-identity 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot {a2}^{2}}}{\sqrt{2}} \]

   2. pow2 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a2 \cdot a2\right)}}{\sqrt{2}} \]

   3. associate-*l/ 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

   4. associate-*r* 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2} \]

   5. add-sqr-sqrt 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}\right)} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   6. sqrt-unprod 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   7. frac-times 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}}}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   8. metadata-eval 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   9. rem-square-sqrt 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{2}}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

   10. metadata-eval 35.0%

       \[\leadsto \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{0.5}} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2 \]

8. Applied egg-rr 35.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot a2\right) \cdot a2} \]

9. Final simplification 35.0%

   \[\leadsto a2 \cdot \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot a2\right) \]
10. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 52.9% accurate, 4.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} a2_m = \left|a2\right| \\ [a1, a2_m, th] = \mathsf{sort}([a1, a2_m, th])\\ \\ a2_m \cdot \frac{a2_m}{\sqrt{2}} \end{array} \]

FPCore

a2_m = (fabs.f64 a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore (a1 a2_m th) :precision binary64 (* a2_m (/ a2_m (sqrt 2.0))))

C

a2_m = fabs(a2);
assert(a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th);
double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return a2_m * (a2_m / sqrt(2.0));
}

Fortran

a2_m = abs(a2)
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(8) function code(a1, a2_m, th)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a1
    real(8), intent (in) :: a2_m
    real(8), intent (in) :: th
    code = a2_m * (a2_m / sqrt(2.0d0))
end function

Java

a2_m = Math.abs(a2);
assert a1 < a2_m && a2_m < th;
public static double code(double a1, double a2_m, double th) {
	return a2_m * (a2_m / Math.sqrt(2.0));
}

Python

a2_m = math.fabs(a2)
[a1, a2_m, th] = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
def code(a1, a2_m, th):
	return a2_m * (a2_m / math.sqrt(2.0))

Julia

a2_m = abs(a2)
a1, a2_m, th = sort([a1, a2_m, th])
function code(a1, a2_m, th)
	return Float64(a2_m * Float64(a2_m / sqrt(2.0)))
end

MATLAB

a2_m = abs(a2);
a1, a2_m, th = num2cell(sort([a1, a2_m, th])){:}
function tmp = code(a1, a2_m, th)
	tmp = a2_m * (a2_m / sqrt(2.0));
end

Wolfram

a2_m = N[Abs[a2], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: a1, a2_m, and th should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
code[a1_, a2$95$m_, th_] := N[(a2$95$m * N[(a2$95$m / N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.5%

   \[\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1\right) + \frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-lft-out 99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

3. Simplified 99.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos th}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]
4. Add Preprocessing

5. Taylor expanded in th around 0 64.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}} \cdot \left(a1 \cdot a1 + a2 \cdot a2\right) \]

6. Taylor expanded in a1 around 0 34.9%

   \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \color{blue}{{a2}^{2}} \]
7. Step-by-step derivation

   1. pow2 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a2 \cdot a2\right)} \]

   2. *-commutative 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(a2 \cdot a2\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}} \]

   3. div-inv 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a2 \cdot a2}{\sqrt{2}}} \]

   4. associate-/l* 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a2}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{a2}}} \]

8. Applied egg-rr 35.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a2}{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{a2}}} \]
9. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-/r/ 35.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a2}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot a2} \]

10. Applied egg-rr 35.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a2}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot a2} \]

11. Final simplification 35.0%

    \[\leadsto a2 \cdot \frac{a2}{\sqrt{2}} \]
12. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2024016 
(FPCore (a1 a2 th)
  :name "Migdal et al, Equation (64)"
  :precision binary64
  (+ (* (/ (cos th) (sqrt 2.0)) (* a1 a1)) (* (/ (cos th) (sqrt 2.0)) (* a2 a2))))