Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)

Percentage Accurate: 77.1% → 96.9%
Time: 45.5s
Alternatives: 10
Speedup: 1.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 10 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 77.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (* (cos M) (exp (- (- (fabs (- n m)) l) (pow (- (* (+ m n) 0.5) M) 2.0)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) * exp(((fabs((n - m)) - l) - pow((((m + n) * 0.5) - M), 2.0)));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) * exp(((abs((n - m)) - l) - ((((m + n) * 0.5d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0)))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((Math.abs((n - m)) - l) - Math.pow((((m + n) * 0.5) - M), 2.0)));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) * math.exp(((math.fabs((n - m)) - l) - math.pow((((m + n) * 0.5) - M), 2.0)))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(abs(Float64(n - m)) - l) - (Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) * exp(((abs((n - m)) - l) - ((((m + n) * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0)));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - l), $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|n - m\right| - \ell\right) - {\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 2: 72.0% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\cos \left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot K\right) - M\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\ t_1 := \left|m - n\right|\\ t_2 := \cos M \cdot e^{\left(t_1 - \ell\right) - \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ t_3 := \cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(n - M\right) - \left(\ell - t_1\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -90000:\\ \;\;\;\;t_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{-163}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_3\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq -4.5 \cdot 10^{-221}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 9.8 \cdot 10^{-254}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_3\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 1:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (cos (- (* n (* 0.5 K)) M)) (exp (+ n l))))
        (t_1 (fabs (- m n)))
        (t_2 (* (cos M) (exp (- (- t_1 l) (* (* m 0.5) (+ n (* m 0.5)))))))
        (t_3 (* (cos M) (exp (- (* M (- n M)) (- l t_1))))))
   (if (<= m -90000.0)
     t_2
     (if (<= m -1.7e-163)
       t_3
       (if (<= m -4.5e-221)
         t_0
         (if (<= m 9.8e-254) t_3 (if (<= m 1.0) t_0 t_2)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = cos(((n * (0.5 * K)) - M)) / exp((n + l));
	double t_1 = fabs((m - n));
	double t_2 = cos(M) * exp(((t_1 - l) - ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5)))));
	double t_3 = cos(M) * exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - t_1)));
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -90000.0) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (m <= -1.7e-163) {
		tmp = t_3;
	} else if (m <= -4.5e-221) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (m <= 9.8e-254) {
		tmp = t_3;
	} else if (m <= 1.0) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: t_3
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = cos(((n * (0.5d0 * k)) - m_1)) / exp((n + l))
    t_1 = abs((m - n))
    t_2 = cos(m_1) * exp(((t_1 - l) - ((m * 0.5d0) * (n + (m * 0.5d0)))))
    t_3 = cos(m_1) * exp(((m_1 * (n - m_1)) - (l - t_1)))
    if (m <= (-90000.0d0)) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (m <= (-1.7d-163)) then
        tmp = t_3
    else if (m <= (-4.5d-221)) then
        tmp = t_0
    else if (m <= 9.8d-254) then
        tmp = t_3
    else if (m <= 1.0d0) then
        tmp = t_0
    else
        tmp = t_2
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = Math.cos(((n * (0.5 * K)) - M)) / Math.exp((n + l));
	double t_1 = Math.abs((m - n));
	double t_2 = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((t_1 - l) - ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5)))));
	double t_3 = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - t_1)));
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -90000.0) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (m <= -1.7e-163) {
		tmp = t_3;
	} else if (m <= -4.5e-221) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else if (m <= 9.8e-254) {
		tmp = t_3;
	} else if (m <= 1.0) {
		tmp = t_0;
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	t_0 = math.cos(((n * (0.5 * K)) - M)) / math.exp((n + l))
	t_1 = math.fabs((m - n))
	t_2 = math.cos(M) * math.exp(((t_1 - l) - ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5)))))
	t_3 = math.cos(M) * math.exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - t_1)))
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -90000.0:
		tmp = t_2
	elif m <= -1.7e-163:
		tmp = t_3
	elif m <= -4.5e-221:
		tmp = t_0
	elif m <= 9.8e-254:
		tmp = t_3
	elif m <= 1.0:
		tmp = t_0
	else:
		tmp = t_2
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(n * Float64(0.5 * K)) - M)) / exp(Float64(n + l)))
	t_1 = abs(Float64(m - n))
	t_2 = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(t_1 - l) - Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) * Float64(n + Float64(m * 0.5))))))
	t_3 = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(M * Float64(n - M)) - Float64(l - t_1))))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -90000.0)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (m <= -1.7e-163)
		tmp = t_3;
	elseif (m <= -4.5e-221)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (m <= 9.8e-254)
		tmp = t_3;
	elseif (m <= 1.0)
		tmp = t_0;
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = cos(((n * (0.5 * K)) - M)) / exp((n + l));
	t_1 = abs((m - n));
	t_2 = cos(M) * exp(((t_1 - l) - ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5)))));
	t_3 = cos(M) * exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - t_1)));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -90000.0)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (m <= -1.7e-163)
		tmp = t_3;
	elseif (m <= -4.5e-221)
		tmp = t_0;
	elseif (m <= 9.8e-254)
		tmp = t_3;
	elseif (m <= 1.0)
		tmp = t_0;
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(n * N[(0.5 * K), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(t$95$1 - l), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(n + N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(M * N[(n - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(l - t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[m, -90000.0], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[m, -1.7e-163], t$95$3, If[LessEqual[m, -4.5e-221], t$95$0, If[LessEqual[m, 9.8e-254], t$95$3, If[LessEqual[m, 1.0], t$95$0, t$95$2]]]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\cos \left(n \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot K\right) - M\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\
t_1 := \left|m - n\right|\\
t_2 := \cos M \cdot e^{\left(t_1 - \ell\right) - \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\
t_3 := \cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(n - M\right) - \left(\ell - t_1\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -90000:\\
\;\;\;\;t_2\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{-163}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_3\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq -4.5 \cdot 10^{-221}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 9.8 \cdot 10^{-254}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_3\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 1:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_2\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 3: 76.3% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left|m - n\right|\\ t_1 := t_0 - \ell\\ t_2 := \cos M \cdot e^{t_1 - \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -46000:\\ \;\;\;\;t_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-164}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(n - M\right) - \left(\ell - t_0\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq -4.7 \cdot 10^{-212}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 9.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos \left(m \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot K\right) - M\right) \cdot e^{t_1 + M \cdot \left(m - M\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (fabs (- m n)))
        (t_1 (- t_0 l))
        (t_2 (* (cos M) (exp (- t_1 (* (* m 0.5) (+ n (* m 0.5))))))))
   (if (<= m -46000.0)
     t_2
     (if (<= m -4e-164)
       (* (cos M) (exp (- (* M (- n M)) (- l t_0))))
       (if (<= m -4.7e-212)
         (/ (cos (* (* n 0.5) K)) (exp (+ n l)))
         (if (<= m 9.5)
           (* (cos (- (* m (* 0.5 K)) M)) (exp (+ t_1 (* M (- m M)))))
           t_2))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = fabs((m - n));
	double t_1 = t_0 - l;
	double t_2 = cos(M) * exp((t_1 - ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5)))));
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -46000.0) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (m <= -4e-164) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - t_0)));
	} else if (m <= -4.7e-212) {
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	} else if (m <= 9.5) {
		tmp = cos(((m * (0.5 * K)) - M)) * exp((t_1 + (M * (m - M))));
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = abs((m - n))
    t_1 = t_0 - l
    t_2 = cos(m_1) * exp((t_1 - ((m * 0.5d0) * (n + (m * 0.5d0)))))
    if (m <= (-46000.0d0)) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (m <= (-4d-164)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((m_1 * (n - m_1)) - (l - t_0)))
    else if (m <= (-4.7d-212)) then
        tmp = cos(((n * 0.5d0) * k)) / exp((n + l))
    else if (m <= 9.5d0) then
        tmp = cos(((m * (0.5d0 * k)) - m_1)) * exp((t_1 + (m_1 * (m - m_1))))
    else
        tmp = t_2
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = Math.abs((m - n));
	double t_1 = t_0 - l;
	double t_2 = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((t_1 - ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5)))));
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -46000.0) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (m <= -4e-164) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - t_0)));
	} else if (m <= -4.7e-212) {
		tmp = Math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / Math.exp((n + l));
	} else if (m <= 9.5) {
		tmp = Math.cos(((m * (0.5 * K)) - M)) * Math.exp((t_1 + (M * (m - M))));
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	t_0 = math.fabs((m - n))
	t_1 = t_0 - l
	t_2 = math.cos(M) * math.exp((t_1 - ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5)))))
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -46000.0:
		tmp = t_2
	elif m <= -4e-164:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - t_0)))
	elif m <= -4.7e-212:
		tmp = math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / math.exp((n + l))
	elif m <= 9.5:
		tmp = math.cos(((m * (0.5 * K)) - M)) * math.exp((t_1 + (M * (m - M))))
	else:
		tmp = t_2
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = abs(Float64(m - n))
	t_1 = Float64(t_0 - l)
	t_2 = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(t_1 - Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) * Float64(n + Float64(m * 0.5))))))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -46000.0)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (m <= -4e-164)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(M * Float64(n - M)) - Float64(l - t_0))));
	elseif (m <= -4.7e-212)
		tmp = Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(n * 0.5) * K)) / exp(Float64(n + l)));
	elseif (m <= 9.5)
		tmp = Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(m * Float64(0.5 * K)) - M)) * exp(Float64(t_1 + Float64(M * Float64(m - M)))));
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = abs((m - n));
	t_1 = t_0 - l;
	t_2 = cos(M) * exp((t_1 - ((m * 0.5) * (n + (m * 0.5)))));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -46000.0)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (m <= -4e-164)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((M * (n - M)) - (l - t_0)));
	elseif (m <= -4.7e-212)
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	elseif (m <= 9.5)
		tmp = cos(((m * (0.5 * K)) - M)) * exp((t_1 + (M * (m - M))));
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(t$95$0 - l), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(t$95$1 - N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * N[(n + N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[m, -46000.0], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[m, -4e-164], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(M * N[(n - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(l - t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[m, -4.7e-212], N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[m, 9.5], N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(m * N[(0.5 * K), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(t$95$1 + N[(M * N[(m - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$2]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left|m - n\right|\\
t_1 := t_0 - \ell\\
t_2 := \cos M \cdot e^{t_1 - \left(m \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(n + m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -46000:\\
\;\;\;\;t_2\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq -4 \cdot 10^{-164}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{M \cdot \left(n - M\right) - \left(\ell - t_0\right)}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq -4.7 \cdot 10^{-212}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;m \leq 9.5:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos \left(m \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot K\right) - M\right) \cdot e^{t_1 + M \cdot \left(m - M\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_2\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 4: 80.9% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;n \leq 3 \cdot 10^{+15}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|m - n\right| - \ell\right) + \left(n + \left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)\right) \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 7.8 \cdot 10^{+146}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(n + \ell\right) + M \cdot \left(n - M\right)}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= n 3e+15)
   (*
    (cos M)
    (exp (+ (- (fabs (- m n)) l) (* (+ n (- (* m 0.5) M)) (- M (* m 0.5))))))
   (if (<= n 7.8e+146)
     (/ (cos (* (* n 0.5) K)) (exp (+ n l)))
     (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (+ n l) (* M (- n M))))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 3e+15) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((fabs((m - n)) - l) + ((n + ((m * 0.5) - M)) * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	} else if (n <= 7.8e+146) {
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((n + l) + (M * (n - M))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (n <= 3d+15) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp(((abs((m - n)) - l) + ((n + ((m * 0.5d0) - m_1)) * (m_1 - (m * 0.5d0)))))
    else if (n <= 7.8d+146) then
        tmp = cos(((n * 0.5d0) * k)) / exp((n + l))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp(((n + l) + (m_1 * (n - m_1))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 3e+15) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp(((Math.abs((m - n)) - l) + ((n + ((m * 0.5) - M)) * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	} else if (n <= 7.8e+146) {
		tmp = Math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / Math.exp((n + l));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp(((n + l) + (M * (n - M))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if n <= 3e+15:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp(((math.fabs((m - n)) - l) + ((n + ((m * 0.5) - M)) * (M - (m * 0.5)))))
	elif n <= 7.8e+146:
		tmp = math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / math.exp((n + l))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp(((n + l) + (M * (n - M))))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (n <= 3e+15)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(Float64(abs(Float64(m - n)) - l) + Float64(Float64(n + Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) - M)) * Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5))))));
	elseif (n <= 7.8e+146)
		tmp = Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(n * 0.5) * K)) / exp(Float64(n + l)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(Float64(n + l) + Float64(M * Float64(n - M)))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (n <= 3e+15)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp(((abs((m - n)) - l) + ((n + ((m * 0.5) - M)) * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	elseif (n <= 7.8e+146)
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((n + l) + (M * (n - M))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[n, 3e+15], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(N[(N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - l), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(n + N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 7.8e+146], N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision] + N[(M * N[(n - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;n \leq 3 \cdot 10^{+15}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{\left(\left|m - n\right| - \ell\right) + \left(n + \left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)\right) \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 7.8 \cdot 10^{+146}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(n + \ell\right) + M \cdot \left(n - M\right)}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 5: 85.5% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left|m - n\right| - \ell\\ \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+42}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{t_0 + \left(n + \left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)\right) \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{t_0 + \left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(M - n \cdot 0.5\right) - m\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (- (fabs (- m n)) l)))
   (if (<= m -1e+42)
     (* (cos M) (exp (+ t_0 (* (+ n (- (* m 0.5) M)) (- M (* m 0.5))))))
     (* (cos M) (exp (+ t_0 (* (- (* n 0.5) M) (- (- M (* n 0.5)) m))))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = fabs((m - n)) - l;
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1e+42) {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((t_0 + ((n + ((m * 0.5) - M)) * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((t_0 + (((n * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (n * 0.5)) - m))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = abs((m - n)) - l
    if (m <= (-1d+42)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((t_0 + ((n + ((m * 0.5d0) - m_1)) * (m_1 - (m * 0.5d0)))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) * exp((t_0 + (((n * 0.5d0) - m_1) * ((m_1 - (n * 0.5d0)) - m))))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = Math.abs((m - n)) - l;
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1e+42) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((t_0 + ((n + ((m * 0.5) - M)) * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((t_0 + (((n * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (n * 0.5)) - m))));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	t_0 = math.fabs((m - n)) - l
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -1e+42:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((t_0 + ((n + ((m * 0.5) - M)) * (M - (m * 0.5)))))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) * math.exp((t_0 + (((n * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (n * 0.5)) - m))))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = Float64(abs(Float64(m - n)) - l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -1e+42)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(t_0 + Float64(Float64(n + Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) - M)) * Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5))))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(t_0 + Float64(Float64(Float64(n * 0.5) - M) * Float64(Float64(M - Float64(n * 0.5)) - m)))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = abs((m - n)) - l;
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -1e+42)
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((t_0 + ((n + ((m * 0.5) - M)) * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) * exp((t_0 + (((n * 0.5) - M) * ((M - (n * 0.5)) - m))));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - l), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[m, -1e+42], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(t$95$0 + N[(N[(n + N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(t$95$0 + N[(N[(N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(M - N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left|m - n\right| - \ell\\
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1 \cdot 10^{+42}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{t_0 + \left(n + \left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)\right) \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\cos M \cdot e^{t_0 + \left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right) \cdot \left(\left(M - n \cdot 0.5\right) - m\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 6: 64.7% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := n + \left(\ell - m\right)\\ t_1 := M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\\ t_2 := \cos M \cdot e^{t_1 - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}\\ t_3 := \cos \left(\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K - M\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;M \leq -1:\\ \;\;\;\;t_2\\ \mathbf{elif}\;M \leq 3.6 \cdot 10^{-196}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{t_3}{e^{t_1 + t_0}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;M \leq 3 \cdot 10^{+54}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(n + \ell\right) + t_1}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;M \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{+113}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{t_3}{e^{t_0 + n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_2\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (+ n (- l m)))
        (t_1 (* M (- n M)))
        (t_2 (* (cos M) (exp (- t_1 (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
        (t_3 (cos (- (* (* (+ m n) 0.5) K) M))))
   (if (<= M -1.0)
     t_2
     (if (<= M 3.6e-196)
       (/ t_3 (exp (+ t_1 t_0)))
       (if (<= M 3e+54)
         (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (+ n l) t_1)))
         (if (<= M 2.4e+113)
           (/ t_3 (exp (+ t_0 (* n (- M (* m 0.5))))))
           t_2))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = n + (l - m);
	double t_1 = M * (n - M);
	double t_2 = cos(M) * exp((t_1 - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
	double t_3 = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M));
	double tmp;
	if (M <= -1.0) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (M <= 3.6e-196) {
		tmp = t_3 / exp((t_1 + t_0));
	} else if (M <= 3e+54) {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((n + l) + t_1));
	} else if (M <= 2.4e+113) {
		tmp = t_3 / exp((t_0 + (n * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: t_3
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = n + (l - m)
    t_1 = m_1 * (n - m_1)
    t_2 = cos(m_1) * exp((t_1 - (l - abs((m - n)))))
    t_3 = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5d0) * k) - m_1))
    if (m_1 <= (-1.0d0)) then
        tmp = t_2
    else if (m_1 <= 3.6d-196) then
        tmp = t_3 / exp((t_1 + t_0))
    else if (m_1 <= 3d+54) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp(((n + l) + t_1))
    else if (m_1 <= 2.4d+113) then
        tmp = t_3 / exp((t_0 + (n * (m_1 - (m * 0.5d0)))))
    else
        tmp = t_2
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = n + (l - m);
	double t_1 = M * (n - M);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(M) * Math.exp((t_1 - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
	double t_3 = Math.cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M));
	double tmp;
	if (M <= -1.0) {
		tmp = t_2;
	} else if (M <= 3.6e-196) {
		tmp = t_3 / Math.exp((t_1 + t_0));
	} else if (M <= 3e+54) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp(((n + l) + t_1));
	} else if (M <= 2.4e+113) {
		tmp = t_3 / Math.exp((t_0 + (n * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	} else {
		tmp = t_2;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	t_0 = n + (l - m)
	t_1 = M * (n - M)
	t_2 = math.cos(M) * math.exp((t_1 - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
	t_3 = math.cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M))
	tmp = 0
	if M <= -1.0:
		tmp = t_2
	elif M <= 3.6e-196:
		tmp = t_3 / math.exp((t_1 + t_0))
	elif M <= 3e+54:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp(((n + l) + t_1))
	elif M <= 2.4e+113:
		tmp = t_3 / math.exp((t_0 + (n * (M - (m * 0.5)))))
	else:
		tmp = t_2
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = Float64(n + Float64(l - m))
	t_1 = Float64(M * Float64(n - M))
	t_2 = Float64(cos(M) * exp(Float64(t_1 - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
	t_3 = cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (M <= -1.0)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (M <= 3.6e-196)
		tmp = Float64(t_3 / exp(Float64(t_1 + t_0)));
	elseif (M <= 3e+54)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(Float64(n + l) + t_1)));
	elseif (M <= 2.4e+113)
		tmp = Float64(t_3 / exp(Float64(t_0 + Float64(n * Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5))))));
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = n + (l - m);
	t_1 = M * (n - M);
	t_2 = cos(M) * exp((t_1 - (l - abs((m - n)))));
	t_3 = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (M <= -1.0)
		tmp = t_2;
	elseif (M <= 3.6e-196)
		tmp = t_3 / exp((t_1 + t_0));
	elseif (M <= 3e+54)
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((n + l) + t_1));
	elseif (M <= 2.4e+113)
		tmp = t_3 / exp((t_0 + (n * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	else
		tmp = t_2;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(n + N[(l - m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(M * N[(n - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[(t$95$1 - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[M, -1.0], t$95$2, If[LessEqual[M, 3.6e-196], N[(t$95$3 / N[Exp[N[(t$95$1 + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[M, 3e+54], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[M, 2.4e+113], N[(t$95$3 / N[Exp[N[(t$95$0 + N[(n * N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], t$95$2]]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := n + \left(\ell - m\right)\\
t_1 := M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\\
t_2 := \cos M \cdot e^{t_1 - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}\\
t_3 := \cos \left(\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K - M\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;M \leq -1:\\
\;\;\;\;t_2\\

\mathbf{elif}\;M \leq 3.6 \cdot 10^{-196}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{t_3}{e^{t_1 + t_0}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;M \leq 3 \cdot 10^{+54}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(n + \ell\right) + t_1}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;M \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{+113}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{t_3}{e^{t_0 + n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_2\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 7: 47.7% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\\ t_1 := n + \left(\ell - m\right)\\ t_2 := \cos \left(\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K - M\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;n \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-57}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{t_2}{e^{t_0 + t_1}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 880000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{t_2}{e^{t_1 + n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+149}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(n + \ell\right) + t_0}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* M (- n M)))
        (t_1 (+ n (- l m)))
        (t_2 (cos (- (* (* (+ m n) 0.5) K) M))))
   (if (<= n -1e-57)
     (/ t_2 (exp (+ t_0 t_1)))
     (if (<= n 880000000.0)
       (/ t_2 (exp (+ t_1 (* n (- M (* m 0.5))))))
       (if (<= n 2.5e+149)
         (/ (cos (* (* n 0.5) K)) (exp (+ n l)))
         (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (+ n l) t_0))))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = M * (n - M);
	double t_1 = n + (l - m);
	double t_2 = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M));
	double tmp;
	if (n <= -1e-57) {
		tmp = t_2 / exp((t_0 + t_1));
	} else if (n <= 880000000.0) {
		tmp = t_2 / exp((t_1 + (n * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	} else if (n <= 2.5e+149) {
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((n + l) + t_0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: t_2
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = m_1 * (n - m_1)
    t_1 = n + (l - m)
    t_2 = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5d0) * k) - m_1))
    if (n <= (-1d-57)) then
        tmp = t_2 / exp((t_0 + t_1))
    else if (n <= 880000000.0d0) then
        tmp = t_2 / exp((t_1 + (n * (m_1 - (m * 0.5d0)))))
    else if (n <= 2.5d+149) then
        tmp = cos(((n * 0.5d0) * k)) / exp((n + l))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp(((n + l) + t_0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = M * (n - M);
	double t_1 = n + (l - m);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M));
	double tmp;
	if (n <= -1e-57) {
		tmp = t_2 / Math.exp((t_0 + t_1));
	} else if (n <= 880000000.0) {
		tmp = t_2 / Math.exp((t_1 + (n * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	} else if (n <= 2.5e+149) {
		tmp = Math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / Math.exp((n + l));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp(((n + l) + t_0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	t_0 = M * (n - M)
	t_1 = n + (l - m)
	t_2 = math.cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M))
	tmp = 0
	if n <= -1e-57:
		tmp = t_2 / math.exp((t_0 + t_1))
	elif n <= 880000000.0:
		tmp = t_2 / math.exp((t_1 + (n * (M - (m * 0.5)))))
	elif n <= 2.5e+149:
		tmp = math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / math.exp((n + l))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp(((n + l) + t_0))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = Float64(M * Float64(n - M))
	t_1 = Float64(n + Float64(l - m))
	t_2 = cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (n <= -1e-57)
		tmp = Float64(t_2 / exp(Float64(t_0 + t_1)));
	elseif (n <= 880000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(t_2 / exp(Float64(t_1 + Float64(n * Float64(M - Float64(m * 0.5))))));
	elseif (n <= 2.5e+149)
		tmp = Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(n * 0.5) * K)) / exp(Float64(n + l)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(Float64(n + l) + t_0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = M * (n - M);
	t_1 = n + (l - m);
	t_2 = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (n <= -1e-57)
		tmp = t_2 / exp((t_0 + t_1));
	elseif (n <= 880000000.0)
		tmp = t_2 / exp((t_1 + (n * (M - (m * 0.5)))));
	elseif (n <= 2.5e+149)
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((n + l) + t_0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(M * N[(n - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(n + N[(l - m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[n, -1e-57], N[(t$95$2 / N[Exp[N[(t$95$0 + t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 880000000.0], N[(t$95$2 / N[Exp[N[(t$95$1 + N[(n * N[(M - N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 2.5e+149], N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\\
t_1 := n + \left(\ell - m\right)\\
t_2 := \cos \left(\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K - M\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;n \leq -1 \cdot 10^{-57}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{t_2}{e^{t_0 + t_1}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 880000000:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{t_2}{e^{t_1 + n \cdot \left(M - m \cdot 0.5\right)}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 2.5 \cdot 10^{+149}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(n + \ell\right) + t_0}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 8: 42.1% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;n \leq 1.08 \cdot 10^{-218}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K - M\right)}{e^{t_0 + \left(n + \left(\ell - m\right)\right)}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 2.05 \cdot 10^{+149}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(n + \ell\right) + t_0}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* M (- n M))))
   (if (<= n 1.08e-218)
     (/ (cos (- (* (* (+ m n) 0.5) K) M)) (exp (+ t_0 (+ n (- l m)))))
     (if (<= n 2.05e+149)
       (/ (cos (* (* n 0.5) K)) (exp (+ n l)))
       (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (+ n l) t_0)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = M * (n - M);
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 1.08e-218) {
		tmp = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M)) / exp((t_0 + (n + (l - m))));
	} else if (n <= 2.05e+149) {
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((n + l) + t_0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: t_0
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_0 = m_1 * (n - m_1)
    if (n <= 1.08d-218) then
        tmp = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5d0) * k) - m_1)) / exp((t_0 + (n + (l - m))))
    else if (n <= 2.05d+149) then
        tmp = cos(((n * 0.5d0) * k)) / exp((n + l))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp(((n + l) + t_0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = M * (n - M);
	double tmp;
	if (n <= 1.08e-218) {
		tmp = Math.cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M)) / Math.exp((t_0 + (n + (l - m))));
	} else if (n <= 2.05e+149) {
		tmp = Math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / Math.exp((n + l));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp(((n + l) + t_0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	t_0 = M * (n - M)
	tmp = 0
	if n <= 1.08e-218:
		tmp = math.cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M)) / math.exp((t_0 + (n + (l - m))))
	elif n <= 2.05e+149:
		tmp = math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / math.exp((n + l))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp(((n + l) + t_0))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = Float64(M * Float64(n - M))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (n <= 1.08e-218)
		tmp = Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M)) / exp(Float64(t_0 + Float64(n + Float64(l - m)))));
	elseif (n <= 2.05e+149)
		tmp = Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(n * 0.5) * K)) / exp(Float64(n + l)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(Float64(n + l) + t_0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = M * (n - M);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (n <= 1.08e-218)
		tmp = cos(((((m + n) * 0.5) * K) - M)) / exp((t_0 + (n + (l - m))));
	elseif (n <= 2.05e+149)
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((n + l) + t_0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(M * N[(n - M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[n, 1.08e-218], N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(t$95$0 + N[(n + N[(l - m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[n, 2.05e+149], N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := M \cdot \left(n - M\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;n \leq 1.08 \cdot 10^{-218}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K - M\right)}{e^{t_0 + \left(n + \left(\ell - m\right)\right)}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 2.05 \cdot 10^{+149}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(n + \ell\right) + t_0}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 9: 46.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 0.18:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= l 0.18) (/ (cos (* (* n 0.5) K)) (exp (+ n l))) (exp (- l))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 0.18) {
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	} else {
		tmp = exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (l <= 0.18d0) then
        tmp = cos(((n * 0.5d0) * k)) / exp((n + l))
    else
        tmp = exp(-l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (l <= 0.18) {
		tmp = Math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / Math.exp((n + l));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.exp(-l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if l <= 0.18:
		tmp = math.cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / math.exp((n + l))
	else:
		tmp = math.exp(-l)
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (l <= 0.18)
		tmp = Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(n * 0.5) * K)) / exp(Float64(n + l)));
	else
		tmp = exp(Float64(-l));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (l <= 0.18)
		tmp = cos(((n * 0.5) * K)) / exp((n + l));
	else
		tmp = exp(-l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[l, 0.18], N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * K), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(n + l), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \leq 0.18:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos \left(\left(n \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot K\right)}{e^{n + \ell}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;e^{-\ell}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Alternative 10: 36.0% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ e^{-\ell} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (exp (- l)))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return exp(-l);
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = exp(-l)
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.exp(-l);
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.exp(-l)
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return exp(Float64(-l))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = exp(-l);
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[Exp[(-l)], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
e^{-\ell}
\end{array}
Derivation
    &prev;&pcontext;&pcontext2;&ctx;
  1. Add Preprocessing

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2024006 
(FPCore (K m n M l)
  :name "Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M)) (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))