
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 11 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/
(- 1.0 u)
(+ 1.0 (exp (* (pow (cbrt PI) 2.0) (* (cbrt PI) (/ 1.0 s))))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((powf(cbrtf(((float) M_PI)), 2.0f) * (cbrtf(((float) M_PI)) * (1.0f / s)))))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32((cbrt(Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(2.0)) * Float32(cbrt(Float32(pi)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / s)))))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi}\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(\sqrt[3]{\pi} \cdot \frac{1}{s}\right)}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (pow (cbrt (/ PI s)) 3.0))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf(powf(cbrtf((((float) M_PI) / s)), 3.0f))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp((cbrt(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)) ^ Float32(3.0)))))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\pi}{s}}\right)}^{3}}}}\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+ (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (pow (cbrt (/ PI s)) 3.0)))) (/ u 2.0)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / (((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf(powf(cbrtf((((float) M_PI) / s)), 3.0f)))) + (u / 2.0f)))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp((cbrt(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)) ^ Float32(3.0))))) + Float32(u / Float32(2.0))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{\pi}{s}}\right)}^{3}}} + \frac{u}{2}}\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(*
(log
(sqrt (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 (fma u 0.5 (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))))
(- 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (logf(sqrtf((-1.0f + (1.0f / fmaf(u, 0.5f, ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))))) * -2.0f);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(log(sqrt(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / fma(u, Float32(0.5), Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) * Float32(-Float32(2.0)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\log \left(\sqrt{-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(u, 0.5, \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right)}}\right) \cdot \left(-2\right)\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))) (/ u 2.0)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / (((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))) + (u / 2.0f)))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) + Float32(u / Float32(2.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / (((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))) + (u / single(2.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}} + \frac{u}{2}}\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ (/ u 2.0) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / 2.0f) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(2.0)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / single(2.0)) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{2} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (+ (* PI (+ (* u -0.25) 0.25)) (* u (* PI -0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * ((u * -0.25f) + 0.25f)) + (u * (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(0.25))) + Float32(u * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * ((single(pi) * ((u * single(-0.25)) + single(0.25))) + (u * (single(pi) * single(-0.25)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25 + 0.25\right) + u \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.25\right)\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (* PI (- (* u 0.25) (fma u -0.25 0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * ((u * 0.25f) - fmaf(u, -0.25f, 0.25f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(0.25)) - fma(u, Float32(-0.25), Float32(0.25))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot 0.25 - \mathsf{fma}\left(u, -0.25, 0.25\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (* PI (+ -0.25 (* u 0.5)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (-0.25f + (u * 0.5f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(0.5))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(4.0) * (single(pi) * (single(-0.25) + (u * single(0.5)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(-0.25 + u \cdot 0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
herbie shell --seed 2023343
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))