math.abs on complex (squared)

Percentage Accurate: 100.0% → 100.0%
Time: 1.8s
Alternatives: 2
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ re \cdot re + im \cdot im \end{array} \]
(FPCore modulus_sqr (re im) :precision binary64 (+ (* re re) (* im im)))
double modulus_sqr(double re, double im) {
	return (re * re) + (im * im);
}
real(8) function modulus_sqr(re, im)
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im
    modulus_sqr = (re * re) + (im * im)
end function
public static double modulus_sqr(double re, double im) {
	return (re * re) + (im * im);
}
def modulus_sqr(re, im):
	return (re * re) + (im * im)
function modulus_sqr(re, im)
	return Float64(Float64(re * re) + Float64(im * im))
end
function tmp = modulus_sqr(re, im)
	tmp = (re * re) + (im * im);
end
modulus$95$sqr[re_, im_] := N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] + N[(im * im), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
re \cdot re + im \cdot im
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 2 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ re \cdot re + im \cdot im \end{array} \]
(FPCore modulus_sqr (re im) :precision binary64 (+ (* re re) (* im im)))
double modulus_sqr(double re, double im) {
	return (re * re) + (im * im);
}
real(8) function modulus_sqr(re, im)
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im
    modulus_sqr = (re * re) + (im * im)
end function
public static double modulus_sqr(double re, double im) {
	return (re * re) + (im * im);
}
def modulus_sqr(re, im):
	return (re * re) + (im * im)
function modulus_sqr(re, im)
	return Float64(Float64(re * re) + Float64(im * im))
end
function tmp = modulus_sqr(re, im)
	tmp = (re * re) + (im * im);
end
modulus$95$sqr[re_, im_] := N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] + N[(im * im), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
re \cdot re + im \cdot im
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 100.0% accurate, 0.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} im_m = \left|im\right| \\ [re, im_m] = \mathsf{sort}([re, im_m])\\ \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(im_m, im_m, {re}^{2}\right) \end{array} \]
im_m = (fabs.f64 im)
NOTE: re and im_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore modulus_sqr (re im_m) :precision binary64 (fma im_m im_m (pow re 2.0)))
im_m = fabs(im);
assert(re < im_m);
double modulus_sqr(double re, double im_m) {
	return fma(im_m, im_m, pow(re, 2.0));
}
im_m = abs(im)
re, im_m = sort([re, im_m])
function modulus_sqr(re, im_m)
	return fma(im_m, im_m, (re ^ 2.0))
end
im_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: re and im_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
modulus$95$sqr[re_, im$95$m_] := N[(im$95$m * im$95$m + N[Power[re, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
im_m = \left|im\right|
\\
[re, im_m] = \mathsf{sort}([re, im_m])\\
\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(im_m, im_m, {re}^{2}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 100.0%

    \[re \cdot re + im \cdot im \]
  2. Taylor expanded in re around 0 100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{im}^{2} + {re}^{2}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow2100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{im \cdot im} + {re}^{2} \]
    2. fma-udef100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(im, im, {re}^{2}\right)} \]
  4. Simplified100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(im, im, {re}^{2}\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification100.0%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(im, im, {re}^{2}\right) \]

Alternative 2: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} im_m = \left|im\right| \\ [re, im_m] = \mathsf{sort}([re, im_m])\\ \\ re \cdot re + im_m \cdot im_m \end{array} \]
im_m = (fabs.f64 im)
NOTE: re and im_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
(FPCore modulus_sqr (re im_m) :precision binary64 (+ (* re re) (* im_m im_m)))
im_m = fabs(im);
assert(re < im_m);
double modulus_sqr(double re, double im_m) {
	return (re * re) + (im_m * im_m);
}
im_m = abs(im)
NOTE: re and im_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
real(8) function modulus_sqr(re, im_m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: re
    real(8), intent (in) :: im_m
    modulus_sqr = (re * re) + (im_m * im_m)
end function
im_m = Math.abs(im);
assert re < im_m;
public static double modulus_sqr(double re, double im_m) {
	return (re * re) + (im_m * im_m);
}
im_m = math.fabs(im)
[re, im_m] = sort([re, im_m])
def modulus_sqr(re, im_m):
	return (re * re) + (im_m * im_m)
im_m = abs(im)
re, im_m = sort([re, im_m])
function modulus_sqr(re, im_m)
	return Float64(Float64(re * re) + Float64(im_m * im_m))
end
im_m = abs(im);
re, im_m = num2cell(sort([re, im_m])){:}
function tmp = modulus_sqr(re, im_m)
	tmp = (re * re) + (im_m * im_m);
end
im_m = N[Abs[im], $MachinePrecision]
NOTE: re and im_m should be sorted in increasing order before calling this function.
modulus$95$sqr[re_, im$95$m_] := N[(N[(re * re), $MachinePrecision] + N[(im$95$m * im$95$m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
im_m = \left|im\right|
\\
[re, im_m] = \mathsf{sort}([re, im_m])\\
\\
re \cdot re + im_m \cdot im_m
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 100.0%

    \[re \cdot re + im \cdot im \]
  2. Final simplification100.0%

    \[\leadsto re \cdot re + im \cdot im \]

Reproduce

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herbie shell --seed 2023334 
(FPCore modulus_sqr (re im)
  :name "math.abs on complex (squared)"
  :precision binary64
  (+ (* re re) (* im im)))