Toniolo and Linder, Equation (10-)

Percentage Accurate: 35.2% → 93.3%
Time: 18.6s
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 3.8×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t l k)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  2.0
  (*
   (* (* (/ (pow t 3.0) (* l l)) (sin k)) (tan k))
   (- (+ 1.0 (pow (/ k t) 2.0)) 1.0))))
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((((pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0 + pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0));
}
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    code = 2.0d0 / (((((t ** 3.0d0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0d0 + ((k / t) ** 2.0d0)) - 1.0d0))
end function
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((((Math.pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * Math.sin(k)) * Math.tan(k)) * ((1.0 + Math.pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0));
}
def code(t, l, k):
	return 2.0 / ((((math.pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * math.sin(k)) * math.tan(k)) * ((1.0 + math.pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0))
function code(t, l, k)
	return Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64((t ^ 3.0) / Float64(l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * Float64(Float64(1.0 + (Float64(k / t) ^ 2.0)) - 1.0)))
end
function tmp = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 2.0 / (((((t ^ 3.0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0 + ((k / t) ^ 2.0)) - 1.0));
end
code[t_, l_, k_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Power[t, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[(l * l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 + N[Power[N[(k / t), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 35.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t l k)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  2.0
  (*
   (* (* (/ (pow t 3.0) (* l l)) (sin k)) (tan k))
   (- (+ 1.0 (pow (/ k t) 2.0)) 1.0))))
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((((pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0 + pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0));
}
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    code = 2.0d0 / (((((t ** 3.0d0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0d0 + ((k / t) ** 2.0d0)) - 1.0d0))
end function
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((((Math.pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * Math.sin(k)) * Math.tan(k)) * ((1.0 + Math.pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0));
}
def code(t, l, k):
	return 2.0 / ((((math.pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * math.sin(k)) * math.tan(k)) * ((1.0 + math.pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0))
function code(t, l, k)
	return Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64((t ^ 3.0) / Float64(l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * Float64(Float64(1.0 + (Float64(k / t) ^ 2.0)) - 1.0)))
end
function tmp = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 2.0 / (((((t ^ 3.0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0 + ((k / t) ^ 2.0)) - 1.0));
end
code[t_, l_, k_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Power[t, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[(l * l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 + N[Power[N[(k / t), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 93.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} k = |k|\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 2.55 \cdot 10^{-96} \lor \neg \left(k \leq 9.6 \cdot 10^{+124}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\cos k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{2}}{\cos k} \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\ell}}{\ell}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
(FPCore (t l k)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= k 2.55e-96) (not (<= k 9.6e+124)))
   (/ 2.0 (* (pow (* (/ k l) (sin k)) 2.0) (/ t (cos k))))
   (/ 2.0 (/ (* (/ (* t (pow k 2.0)) (cos k)) (/ (pow (sin k) 2.0) l)) l))))
k = abs(k);
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	double tmp;
	if ((k <= 2.55e-96) || !(k <= 9.6e+124)) {
		tmp = 2.0 / (pow(((k / l) * sin(k)), 2.0) * (t / cos(k)));
	} else {
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * pow(k, 2.0)) / cos(k)) * (pow(sin(k), 2.0) / l)) / l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((k <= 2.55d-96) .or. (.not. (k <= 9.6d+124))) then
        tmp = 2.0d0 / ((((k / l) * sin(k)) ** 2.0d0) * (t / cos(k)))
    else
        tmp = 2.0d0 / ((((t * (k ** 2.0d0)) / cos(k)) * ((sin(k) ** 2.0d0) / l)) / l)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
k = Math.abs(k);
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	double tmp;
	if ((k <= 2.55e-96) || !(k <= 9.6e+124)) {
		tmp = 2.0 / (Math.pow(((k / l) * Math.sin(k)), 2.0) * (t / Math.cos(k)));
	} else {
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * Math.pow(k, 2.0)) / Math.cos(k)) * (Math.pow(Math.sin(k), 2.0) / l)) / l);
	}
	return tmp;
}
k = abs(k)
def code(t, l, k):
	tmp = 0
	if (k <= 2.55e-96) or not (k <= 9.6e+124):
		tmp = 2.0 / (math.pow(((k / l) * math.sin(k)), 2.0) * (t / math.cos(k)))
	else:
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * math.pow(k, 2.0)) / math.cos(k)) * (math.pow(math.sin(k), 2.0) / l)) / l)
	return tmp
k = abs(k)
function code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((k <= 2.55e-96) || !(k <= 9.6e+124))
		tmp = Float64(2.0 / Float64((Float64(Float64(k / l) * sin(k)) ^ 2.0) * Float64(t / cos(k))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(t * (k ^ 2.0)) / cos(k)) * Float64((sin(k) ^ 2.0) / l)) / l));
	end
	return tmp
end
k = abs(k)
function tmp_2 = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((k <= 2.55e-96) || ~((k <= 9.6e+124)))
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((k / l) * sin(k)) ^ 2.0) * (t / cos(k)));
	else
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * (k ^ 2.0)) / cos(k)) * ((sin(k) ^ 2.0) / l)) / l);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
code[t_, l_, k_] := If[Or[LessEqual[k, 2.55e-96], N[Not[LessEqual[k, 9.6e+124]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(2.0 / N[(N[Power[N[(N[(k / l), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(t / N[Cos[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(2.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(t * N[Power[k, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
k = |k|\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;k \leq 2.55 \cdot 10^{-96} \lor \neg \left(k \leq 9.6 \cdot 10^{+124}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\cos k}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{2}}{\cos k} \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\ell}}{\ell}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if k < 2.54999999999999986e-96 or 9.60000000000000026e124 < k

    1. Initial program 39.3%

      \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
    2. Simplified46.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)}} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*46.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      2. +-rgt-identity46.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
      3. *-commutative46.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} \cdot \tan k\right)}\right)} \]
      4. associate-*r*46.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative46.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}} \]
      6. add-sqr-sqrt16.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}}} \]
      7. pow216.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr16.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(\sqrt{\tan k \cdot \sin k} \cdot \frac{k}{t}\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{1.5}}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in k around inf 34.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k \cdot \sin k}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}}^{2}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*35.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\color{blue}{\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Simplified35.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}}^{2}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow-prod-down33.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}}\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}^{2}}} \]
      2. associate-/r/33.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}^{2}} \]
      3. pow233.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}} \]
      4. add-sqr-sqrt93.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{t}{\cos k}}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr93.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\cos k}}} \]

    if 2.54999999999999986e-96 < k < 9.60000000000000026e124

    1. Initial program 31.8%

      \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
    2. Simplified35.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)}} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*35.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      2. +-rgt-identity35.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
      3. *-commutative35.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} \cdot \tan k\right)}\right)} \]
      4. associate-*r*35.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative35.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}} \]
      6. *-commutative35.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \]
      7. associate-/r*37.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
      8. associate-*r/39.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr39.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in k around inf 92.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\ell \cdot \cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*92.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left({k}^{2} \cdot t\right) \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}}{\ell \cdot \cos k}}{\ell}} \]
      2. *-commutative92.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\left({k}^{2} \cdot t\right) \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\color{blue}{\cos k \cdot \ell}}}{\ell}} \]
      3. times-frac94.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot t}{\cos k} \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\ell}}}{\ell}} \]
    7. Simplified94.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot t}{\cos k} \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\ell}}}{\ell}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification93.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 2.55 \cdot 10^{-96} \lor \neg \left(k \leq 9.6 \cdot 10^{+124}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\cos k}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{2}}{\cos k} \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\ell}}{\ell}}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 2: 70.8% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} k = |k|\\ \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 9.5 \cdot 10^{-262}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\cos k}}{\ell}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right)}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
(FPCore (t l k)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= t 9.5e-262)
   (/ 2.0 (/ (/ (/ (* t (pow k 4.0)) l) (cos k)) l))
   (/ 2.0 (pow (* (/ k (/ l (sin k))) (sqrt t)) 2.0))))
k = abs(k);
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 9.5e-262) {
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * pow(k, 4.0)) / l) / cos(k)) / l);
	} else {
		tmp = 2.0 / pow(((k / (l / sin(k))) * sqrt(t)), 2.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (t <= 9.5d-262) then
        tmp = 2.0d0 / ((((t * (k ** 4.0d0)) / l) / cos(k)) / l)
    else
        tmp = 2.0d0 / (((k / (l / sin(k))) * sqrt(t)) ** 2.0d0)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
k = Math.abs(k);
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	double tmp;
	if (t <= 9.5e-262) {
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * Math.pow(k, 4.0)) / l) / Math.cos(k)) / l);
	} else {
		tmp = 2.0 / Math.pow(((k / (l / Math.sin(k))) * Math.sqrt(t)), 2.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}
k = abs(k)
def code(t, l, k):
	tmp = 0
	if t <= 9.5e-262:
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * math.pow(k, 4.0)) / l) / math.cos(k)) / l)
	else:
		tmp = 2.0 / math.pow(((k / (l / math.sin(k))) * math.sqrt(t)), 2.0)
	return tmp
k = abs(k)
function code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (t <= 9.5e-262)
		tmp = Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(t * (k ^ 4.0)) / l) / cos(k)) / l));
	else
		tmp = Float64(2.0 / (Float64(Float64(k / Float64(l / sin(k))) * sqrt(t)) ^ 2.0));
	end
	return tmp
end
k = abs(k)
function tmp_2 = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (t <= 9.5e-262)
		tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * (k ^ 4.0)) / l) / cos(k)) / l);
	else
		tmp = 2.0 / (((k / (l / sin(k))) * sqrt(t)) ^ 2.0);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
code[t_, l_, k_] := If[LessEqual[t, 9.5e-262], N[(2.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(t * N[Power[k, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(2.0 / N[Power[N[(N[(k / N[(l / N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[t], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
k = |k|\\
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;t \leq 9.5 \cdot 10^{-262}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\cos k}}{\ell}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right)}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if t < 9.4999999999999999e-262

    1. Initial program 36.8%

      \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
    2. Simplified41.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)}} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*41.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      2. +-rgt-identity41.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
      3. *-commutative41.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} \cdot \tan k\right)}\right)} \]
      4. associate-*r*41.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative41.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}} \]
      6. *-commutative41.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \]
      7. associate-/r*43.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
      8. associate-*r/44.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr44.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in k around inf 83.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\ell \cdot \cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac85.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
    7. Simplified85.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/85.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr85.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in k around 0 69.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{4} \cdot t}{\ell}}}{\cos k}}{\ell}} \]

    if 9.4999999999999999e-262 < t

    1. Initial program 39.3%

      \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
    2. Simplified48.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)}} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l*48.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      2. +-rgt-identity48.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
      3. *-commutative48.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} \cdot \tan k\right)}\right)} \]
      4. associate-*r*48.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative48.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}} \]
      6. add-sqr-sqrt32.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}}} \]
      7. pow232.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr51.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(\sqrt{\tan k \cdot \sin k} \cdot \frac{k}{t}\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{1.5}}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in k around inf 65.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k \cdot \sin k}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}}^{2}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*66.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\color{blue}{\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. Simplified66.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}}^{2}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in k around 0 76.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}} \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{t}}\right)}^{2}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification72.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq 9.5 \cdot 10^{-262}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\cos k}}{\ell}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}} \cdot \sqrt{t}\right)}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 3: 92.4% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} k = |k|\\ \\ \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\cos k}} \end{array} \]
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
(FPCore (t l k)
 :precision binary64
 (/ 2.0 (* (pow (* (/ k l) (sin k)) 2.0) (/ t (cos k)))))
k = abs(k);
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / (pow(((k / l) * sin(k)), 2.0) * (t / cos(k)));
}
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    code = 2.0d0 / ((((k / l) * sin(k)) ** 2.0d0) * (t / cos(k)))
end function
k = Math.abs(k);
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / (Math.pow(((k / l) * Math.sin(k)), 2.0) * (t / Math.cos(k)));
}
k = abs(k)
def code(t, l, k):
	return 2.0 / (math.pow(((k / l) * math.sin(k)), 2.0) * (t / math.cos(k)))
k = abs(k)
function code(t, l, k)
	return Float64(2.0 / Float64((Float64(Float64(k / l) * sin(k)) ^ 2.0) * Float64(t / cos(k))))
end
k = abs(k)
function tmp = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 2.0 / ((((k / l) * sin(k)) ^ 2.0) * (t / cos(k)));
end
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
code[t_, l_, k_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[Power[N[(N[(k / l), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(t / N[Cos[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
k = |k|\\
\\
\frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\cos k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 37.8%

    \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
  2. Simplified44.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    2. +-rgt-identity44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
    3. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} \cdot \tan k\right)}\right)} \]
    4. associate-*r*44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. add-sqr-sqrt17.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}}} \]
    7. pow217.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr20.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(\sqrt{\tan k \cdot \sin k} \cdot \frac{k}{t}\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{1.5}}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in k around inf 39.3%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k \cdot \sin k}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}}^{2}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*39.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\color{blue}{\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}^{2}} \]
  7. Simplified39.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}}^{2}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow-prod-down36.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{\frac{\ell}{\sin k}}\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    2. associate-/r/36.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}}^{2} \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}^{2}} \]
    3. pow236.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{t}{\cos k}}\right)}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt90.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{t}{\cos k}}} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr90.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\cos k}}} \]
  10. Final simplification90.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\cos k}} \]

Alternative 4: 67.5% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} k = |k|\\ \\ \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\cos k}}{\ell}} \end{array} \]
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
(FPCore (t l k)
 :precision binary64
 (/ 2.0 (/ (/ (/ (* t (pow k 4.0)) l) (cos k)) l)))
k = abs(k);
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((((t * pow(k, 4.0)) / l) / cos(k)) / l);
}
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    code = 2.0d0 / ((((t * (k ** 4.0d0)) / l) / cos(k)) / l)
end function
k = Math.abs(k);
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((((t * Math.pow(k, 4.0)) / l) / Math.cos(k)) / l);
}
k = abs(k)
def code(t, l, k):
	return 2.0 / ((((t * math.pow(k, 4.0)) / l) / math.cos(k)) / l)
k = abs(k)
function code(t, l, k)
	return Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(t * (k ^ 4.0)) / l) / cos(k)) / l))
end
k = abs(k)
function tmp = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 2.0 / ((((t * (k ^ 4.0)) / l) / cos(k)) / l);
end
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
code[t_, l_, k_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(t * N[Power[k, 4.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision] / N[Cos[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
k = |k|\\
\\
\frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\cos k}}{\ell}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 37.8%

    \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
  2. Simplified44.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    2. +-rgt-identity44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
    3. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} \cdot \tan k\right)}\right)} \]
    4. associate-*r*44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \]
    7. associate-/r*47.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
    8. associate-*r/48.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr48.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in k around inf 83.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\ell \cdot \cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac85.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
  7. Simplified85.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/85.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr85.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
  10. Taylor expanded in k around 0 69.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{4} \cdot t}{\ell}}}{\cos k}}{\ell}} \]
  11. Final simplification69.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\frac{t \cdot {k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\cos k}}{\ell}} \]

Alternative 5: 65.7% accurate, 3.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} k = |k|\\ \\ \ell \cdot \frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{4}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}} \end{array} \]
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
(FPCore (t l k) :precision binary64 (* l (/ 2.0 (/ (pow k 4.0) (/ l t)))))
k = abs(k);
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return l * (2.0 / (pow(k, 4.0) / (l / t)));
}
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    code = l * (2.0d0 / ((k ** 4.0d0) / (l / t)))
end function
k = Math.abs(k);
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return l * (2.0 / (Math.pow(k, 4.0) / (l / t)));
}
k = abs(k)
def code(t, l, k):
	return l * (2.0 / (math.pow(k, 4.0) / (l / t)))
k = abs(k)
function code(t, l, k)
	return Float64(l * Float64(2.0 / Float64((k ^ 4.0) / Float64(l / t))))
end
k = abs(k)
function tmp = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = l * (2.0 / ((k ^ 4.0) / (l / t)));
end
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
code[t_, l_, k_] := N[(l * N[(2.0 / N[(N[Power[k, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[(l / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
k = |k|\\
\\
\ell \cdot \frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{4}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 37.8%

    \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
  2. Simplified44.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    2. +-rgt-identity44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
    3. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} \cdot \tan k\right)}\right)} \]
    4. associate-*r*44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \]
    7. associate-/r*47.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
    8. associate-*r/48.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr48.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in k around 0 67.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{4} \cdot t}{\ell}}}{\ell}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r/67.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{4} \cdot t}{\ell}} \cdot \ell} \]
    2. associate-/l*66.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{4}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}}} \cdot \ell \]
  7. Applied egg-rr66.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{4}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}} \cdot \ell} \]
  8. Final simplification66.3%

    \[\leadsto \ell \cdot \frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{4}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}} \]

Alternative 6: 67.2% accurate, 3.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} k = |k|\\ \\ \frac{2}{\frac{t \cdot \frac{{k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\ell}} \end{array} \]
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
(FPCore (t l k) :precision binary64 (/ 2.0 (/ (* t (/ (pow k 4.0) l)) l)))
k = abs(k);
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((t * (pow(k, 4.0) / l)) / l);
}
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    code = 2.0d0 / ((t * ((k ** 4.0d0) / l)) / l)
end function
k = Math.abs(k);
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((t * (Math.pow(k, 4.0) / l)) / l);
}
k = abs(k)
def code(t, l, k):
	return 2.0 / ((t * (math.pow(k, 4.0) / l)) / l)
k = abs(k)
function code(t, l, k)
	return Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(t * Float64((k ^ 4.0) / l)) / l))
end
k = abs(k)
function tmp = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 2.0 / ((t * ((k ^ 4.0) / l)) / l);
end
NOTE: k should be positive before calling this function
code[t_, l_, k_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[(t * N[(N[Power[k, 4.0], $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
k = |k|\\
\\
\frac{2}{\frac{t \cdot \frac{{k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\ell}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 37.8%

    \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
  2. Simplified44.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 0\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    2. +-rgt-identity44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \left(\tan k \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
    3. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} \cdot \tan k\right)}\right)} \]
    4. associate-*r*44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutative44.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \]
    7. associate-/r*47.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
    8. associate-*r/48.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr48.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan k \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell}}{\ell}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in k around inf 83.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\ell \cdot \cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac85.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
  7. Simplified85.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}}}{\ell}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in k around 0 67.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{4} \cdot t}{\ell}}}{\ell}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/68.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{4}}{\ell} \cdot t}}{\ell}} \]
  10. Simplified68.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{4}}{\ell} \cdot t}}{\ell}} \]
  11. Final simplification68.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\frac{t \cdot \frac{{k}^{4}}{\ell}}{\ell}} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023333 
(FPCore (t l k)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (10-)"
  :precision binary64
  (/ 2.0 (* (* (* (/ (pow t 3.0) (* l l)) (sin k)) (tan k)) (- (+ 1.0 (pow (/ k t) 2.0)) 1.0))))