
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 9 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt s)) (/ PI (sqrt s))))))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf(((1.0f / sqrtf(s)) * (((float) M_PI) / sqrtf(s)))))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / sqrt(s)) * Float32(Float32(pi) / sqrt(s)))))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp(((single(1.0) / sqrt(s)) * (single(pi) / sqrt(s)))))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{1}{\sqrt{s}} \cdot \frac{\pi}{\sqrt{s}}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
*-un-lft-identity98.8%
add-sqr-sqrt98.8%
times-frac98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (+ (* u 2.0) (- (log s) (log PI)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * ((u * 2.0f) + (logf(s) - logf(((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(2.0)) + Float32(log(s) - log(Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * ((u * single(2.0)) + (log(s) - log(single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(u \cdot 2 + \left(\log s - \log \pi\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.1%
+-commutative25.1%
fma-def25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
mul-1-neg25.3%
unsub-neg25.3%
associate-*r/25.3%
*-commutative25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
log1p-def25.3%
Simplified25.3%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.4%
mul-1-neg25.4%
Simplified25.4%
Final simplification25.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (+ (* u 2.0) (log (/ s PI)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * ((u * 2.0f) + logf((s / ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(2.0)) + log(Float32(s / Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * ((u * single(2.0)) + log((s / single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(u \cdot 2 + \log \left(\frac{s}{\pi}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.1%
+-commutative25.1%
fma-def25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
mul-1-neg25.3%
unsub-neg25.3%
associate-*r/25.3%
*-commutative25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
log1p-def25.3%
Simplified25.3%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.4%
mul-1-neg25.4%
Simplified25.4%
unsub-neg25.4%
log-div25.3%
clear-num25.3%
log-rec25.4%
Applied egg-rr25.4%
Final simplification25.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (log (/ s PI))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * logf((s / ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * log(Float32(s / Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * log((s / single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \log \left(\frac{s}{\pi}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.1%
+-commutative25.1%
fma-def25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
mul-1-neg25.3%
unsub-neg25.3%
associate-*r/25.3%
*-commutative25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
log1p-def25.3%
Simplified25.3%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.4%
mul-1-neg25.4%
Simplified25.4%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.4%
log-div25.4%
Simplified25.4%
Final simplification25.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.1%
+-commutative25.1%
fma-def25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
mul-1-neg25.3%
unsub-neg25.3%
associate-*r/25.3%
*-commutative25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
log1p-def25.3%
Simplified25.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.8%
sub-neg10.8%
associate-*r*10.8%
neg-mul-110.8%
distribute-rgt-out10.8%
Simplified10.8%
Final simplification10.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (if (<= s 2.799999911143463e-20) (* s 0.0) (- PI)))
float code(float u, float s) {
float tmp;
if (s <= 2.799999911143463e-20f) {
tmp = s * 0.0f;
} else {
tmp = -((float) M_PI);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(u, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (s <= Float32(2.799999911143463e-20)) tmp = Float32(s * Float32(0.0)); else tmp = Float32(-Float32(pi)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(u, s) tmp = single(0.0); if (s <= single(2.799999911143463e-20)) tmp = s * single(0.0); else tmp = -single(pi); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;s \leq 2.799999911143463 \cdot 10^{-20}:\\
\;\;\;\;s \cdot 0\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-\pi\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if s < 2.79999991e-20Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 13.5%
if 2.79999991e-20 < s Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 14.0%
neg-mul-114.0%
Simplified14.0%
Final simplification13.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.6%
neg-mul-110.6%
Simplified10.6%
Final simplification10.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 2.0 (* s u)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 2.0f * (s * u);
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = 2.0e0 * (s * u)
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(s * u)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(2.0) * (s * u); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \left(s \cdot u\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.1%
+-commutative25.1%
fma-def25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
mul-1-neg25.3%
unsub-neg25.3%
associate-*r/25.3%
*-commutative25.3%
+-commutative25.3%
log1p-def25.3%
Simplified25.3%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.4%
mul-1-neg25.4%
Simplified25.4%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
herbie shell --seed 2023333
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))