NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B

Percentage Accurate: 77.5% → 99.7%
Time: 9.5s
Alternatives: 7
Speedup: 1.1×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 7 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 77.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a}}{b + a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (/ (* (/ PI b) 0.5) a) (+ b a)))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((((double) M_PI) / b) * 0.5) / a) / (b + a);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((Math.PI / b) * 0.5) / a) / (b + a);
}
def code(a, b):
	return (((math.pi / b) * 0.5) / a) / (b + a)
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / b) * 0.5) / a) / Float64(b + a))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (((pi / b) * 0.5) / a) / (b + a);
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(N[(Pi / b), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a}}{b + a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity79.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a}} \]
    2. associate-/l/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in b around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b + a} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u68.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)\right)}}{b + a} \]
    2. expm1-udef58.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}\right)} - 1}}{b + a} \]
    3. associate-*r/58.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}\right)} - 1}{b + a} \]
    4. times-frac58.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}\right)} - 1}{b + a} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr58.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}\right)} - 1}}{b + a} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def68.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}\right)\right)}}{b + a} \]
    2. expm1-log1p99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    3. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}}}{b + a} \]
  10. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot \frac{0.5}{a}}}{b + a} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a}}}{b + a} \]
  12. Applied egg-rr99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a}}}{b + a} \]
  13. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b} \cdot 0.5}{a}}{b + a} \]

Alternative 2: 35.7% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{+115} \lor \neg \left(a \leq -5.2 \cdot 10^{-204}\right) \land a \leq -1.58 \cdot 10^{-291}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= a -1.7e+115) (and (not (<= a -5.2e-204)) (<= a -1.58e-291)))
   (* (/ PI a) (/ -0.5 (* b a)))
   (* (/ PI (* b a)) (/ -0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.7e+115) || (!(a <= -5.2e-204) && (a <= -1.58e-291))) {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if ((a <= -1.7e+115) || (!(a <= -5.2e-204) && (a <= -1.58e-291))) {
		tmp = (Math.PI / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.PI / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if (a <= -1.7e+115) or (not (a <= -5.2e-204) and (a <= -1.58e-291)):
		tmp = (math.pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a))
	else:
		tmp = (math.pi / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((a <= -1.7e+115) || (!(a <= -5.2e-204) && (a <= -1.58e-291)))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / a) * Float64(-0.5 / Float64(b * a)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / Float64(b * a)) * Float64(-0.5 / b));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((a <= -1.7e+115) || (~((a <= -5.2e-204)) && (a <= -1.58e-291)))
		tmp = (pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
	else
		tmp = (pi / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[Or[LessEqual[a, -1.7e+115], And[N[Not[LessEqual[a, -5.2e-204]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[a, -1.58e-291]]], N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{+115} \lor \neg \left(a \leq -5.2 \cdot 10^{-204}\right) \land a \leq -1.58 \cdot 10^{-291}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if a < -1.7e115 or -5.19999999999999965e-204 < a < -1.58000000000000004e-291

    1. Initial program 65.5%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/65.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity65.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/65.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares89.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative89.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf 68.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in b around 0 73.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. Simplified73.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative73.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \]
      2. frac-2neg73.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{--1}{-a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a} \]
      3. metadata-eval73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{-a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a} \]
      4. frac-times73.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(-0.5 \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot a}} \]
      5. *-un-lft-identity73.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \pi}}{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot a} \]
      6. *-commutative73.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot -0.5}}{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot a} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr73.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot a}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative73.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(-a \cdot b\right)}} \]
      2. times-frac73.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{-a \cdot b}} \]
      3. add-sqr-sqrt35.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-a \cdot b} \cdot \sqrt{-a \cdot b}}} \]
      4. sqrt-unprod60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(-a \cdot b\right)}}} \]
      5. sqr-neg60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}}} \]
      6. sqrt-unprod25.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a \cdot b} \cdot \sqrt{a \cdot b}}} \]
      7. add-sqr-sqrt59.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
      8. *-commutative59.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr59.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]

    if -1.7e115 < a < -5.19999999999999965e-204 or -1.58000000000000004e-291 < a

    1. Initial program 84.5%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/84.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity84.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/84.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares91.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative91.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf 60.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative60.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      2. clear-num60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}} \]
      3. frac-times60.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot 1}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}} \]
      4. metadata-eval60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}} \]
      5. *-commutative60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)} \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}} \]
      6. div-inv60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      7. metadata-eval60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr60.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/60.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*60.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. neg-mul-160.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-in60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      5. metadata-eval60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      6. *-commutative60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      7. *-commutative60.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    8. Simplified60.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*58.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(b - a\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot b}} \]
      2. times-frac58.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr58.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in b around inf 26.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification35.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq -1.7 \cdot 10^{+115} \lor \neg \left(a \leq -5.2 \cdot 10^{-204}\right) \land a \leq -1.58 \cdot 10^{-291}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 3: 67.4% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{+102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 5.8e+102)
   (/ 0.5 (* a (* a (/ b PI))))
   (* (/ PI (* b a)) (/ -0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 5.8e+102) {
		tmp = 0.5 / (a * (a * (b / ((double) M_PI))));
	} else {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 5.8e+102) {
		tmp = 0.5 / (a * (a * (b / Math.PI)));
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.PI / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 5.8e+102:
		tmp = 0.5 / (a * (a * (b / math.pi)))
	else:
		tmp = (math.pi / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 5.8e+102)
		tmp = Float64(0.5 / Float64(a * Float64(a * Float64(b / pi))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / Float64(b * a)) * Float64(-0.5 / b));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 5.8e+102)
		tmp = 0.5 / (a * (a * (b / pi)));
	else
		tmp = (pi / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 5.8e+102], N[(0.5 / N[(a * N[(a * N[(b / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{+102}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 5.8000000000000005e102

    1. Initial program 83.9%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/83.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity83.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/83.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares92.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative92.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf 62.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in b around 0 62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/62.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. Simplified62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*62.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{\frac{a}{\pi}}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. frac-times62.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot -1}{\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
      3. metadata-eval62.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr62.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-log1p-u39.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      2. expm1-udef23.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)\right)} - 1}} \]
      3. *-commutative23.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)}\right)} - 1} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr23.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)\right)} - 1}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def39.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)\right)\right)}} \]
      2. expm1-log1p62.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      3. associate-*r*62.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot b\right) \cdot a}} \]
      4. associate-*l/62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\pi}} \cdot a} \]
      5. associate-*r/62.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right)} \cdot a} \]
    13. Simplified62.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right) \cdot a}} \]

    if 5.8000000000000005e102 < b

    1. Initial program 58.1%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/58.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity58.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/58.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares85.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative85.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf 62.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative62.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      2. clear-num62.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}} \]
      3. frac-times62.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot 1}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}} \]
      4. metadata-eval62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}} \]
      5. *-commutative62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)} \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}} \]
      6. div-inv62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      7. metadata-eval62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr62.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*62.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. neg-mul-162.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-in62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      5. metadata-eval62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      6. *-commutative62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      7. *-commutative62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    8. Simplified62.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(b - a\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot b}} \]
      2. times-frac62.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr62.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in b around inf 62.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification62.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 5.8 \cdot 10^{+102}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot \frac{b}{\pi}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 4: 67.4% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{\frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}{\pi}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 2.4e+101)
   (/ 0.5 (/ (* a (* b a)) PI))
   (* (/ PI (* b a)) (/ -0.5 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 2.4e+101) {
		tmp = 0.5 / ((a * (b * a)) / ((double) M_PI));
	} else {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 2.4e+101) {
		tmp = 0.5 / ((a * (b * a)) / Math.PI);
	} else {
		tmp = (Math.PI / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 2.4e+101:
		tmp = 0.5 / ((a * (b * a)) / math.pi)
	else:
		tmp = (math.pi / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 2.4e+101)
		tmp = Float64(0.5 / Float64(Float64(a * Float64(b * a)) / pi));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi / Float64(b * a)) * Float64(-0.5 / b));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 2.4e+101)
		tmp = 0.5 / ((a * (b * a)) / pi);
	else
		tmp = (pi / (b * a)) * (-0.5 / b);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[LessEqual[b, 2.4e+101], N[(0.5 / N[(N[(a * N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{\frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}{\pi}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 2.39999999999999988e101

    1. Initial program 83.9%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/83.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity83.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/83.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares92.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative92.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf 62.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in b around 0 62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/62.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. Simplified62.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*62.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5}{\frac{a}{\pi}}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. frac-times62.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot -1}{\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
      3. metadata-eval62.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr62.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{a}{\pi} \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*l/62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\pi}}} \]
      2. *-commutative62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\frac{a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)}}{\pi}} \]
    11. Applied egg-rr62.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}{\pi}}} \]

    if 2.39999999999999988e101 < b

    1. Initial program 58.1%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/58.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity58.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. associate-*l/58.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
      4. difference-of-squares85.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      5. *-commutative85.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
      6. times-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
      7. sub-neg99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
      9. metadata-eval99.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
    3. Simplified99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in a around inf 62.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative62.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a}} \]
      2. clear-num62.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}} \]
      3. frac-times62.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot 1}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}} \]
      4. metadata-eval62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}} \]
      5. *-commutative62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)} \cdot \frac{b - a}{\frac{\pi}{2}}} \]
      6. div-inv62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}} \]
      7. metadata-eval62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr62.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \frac{b - a}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{-1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}} \]
      2. associate-/l*62.4%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
      3. neg-mul-162.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-\pi \cdot 0.5}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-in62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(-0.5\right)}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      5. metadata-eval62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{-0.5}}{\left(b \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)} \]
      6. *-commutative62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}} \]
      7. *-commutative62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    8. Simplified62.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*62.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(b - a\right) \cdot a\right) \cdot b}} \]
      2. times-frac62.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr62.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in b around inf 62.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification62.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.4 \cdot 10^{+101}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5}{\frac{a \cdot \left(b \cdot a\right)}{\pi}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi}{b \cdot a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 5: 93.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b \cdot \left(b + a\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* 0.5 (/ (/ PI a) (* b (+ b a)))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return 0.5 * ((((double) M_PI) / a) / (b * (b + a)));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return 0.5 * ((Math.PI / a) / (b * (b + a)));
}
def code(a, b):
	return 0.5 * ((math.pi / a) / (b * (b + a)))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(0.5 * Float64(Float64(pi / a) / Float64(b * Float64(b + a))))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.5 * ((pi / a) / (b * (b + a)));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(0.5 * N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b * N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b \cdot \left(b + a\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity79.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a}} \]
    2. associate-/l/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in b around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b + a} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u80.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b + a}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef56.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{b + a}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. associate-*r/56.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b + a}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. times-frac56.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}}{b + a}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. +-commutative56.9%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{\color{blue}{a + b}}\right)} - 1 \]
  8. Applied egg-rr56.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a + b}\right)} - 1} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def80.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a + b}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.5}{a} \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}{a + b}} \]
    3. times-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
    4. associate-*r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{a + b} \]
    5. associate-*r/99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}{a + b}} \]
    6. associate-/r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b}}}{a + b} \]
    7. associate-/l/93.6%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{\left(a + b\right) \cdot b}} \]
  10. Simplified93.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{\left(a + b\right) \cdot b}} \]
  11. Final simplification93.6%

    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{\pi}{a}}{b \cdot \left(b + a\right)} \]

Alternative 6: 99.7% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}}{b + a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI (* b a))) (+ b a)))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (b * a))) / (b + a);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (0.5 * (Math.PI / (b * a))) / (b + a);
}
def code(a, b):
	return (0.5 * (math.pi / (b * a))) / (b + a)
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(b * a))) / Float64(b + a))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (0.5 * (pi / (b * a))) / (b + a);
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(b + a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}}{b + a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity79.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a}} \]
    2. associate-/l/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)}{b + a}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in b around 0 99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot b}}}{b + a} \]
  7. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot a}}{b + a} \]

Alternative 7: 30.5% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* (/ PI a) (/ -0.5 (* b a))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return (((double) M_PI) / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return (Math.PI / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
}
def code(a, b):
	return (math.pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(pi / a) * Float64(-0.5 / Float64(b * a)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = (pi / a) * (-0.5 / (b * a));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-0.5 / N[(b * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 79.2%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity79.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. associate-*l/79.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \]
    4. difference-of-squares90.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative90.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b - a\right) \cdot \left(b + a\right)}} \]
    6. times-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
    7. sub-neg99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)}}{b + a} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}}{b + a} \]
    9. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}}{b + a} \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}{b + a}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in a around inf 62.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in b around 0 60.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}\right)} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/60.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
  7. Simplified60.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \cdot \frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative60.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a}} \]
    2. frac-2neg60.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{--1}{-a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a} \]
    3. metadata-eval60.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{-a \cdot b} \cdot \frac{-0.5 \cdot \pi}{a} \]
    4. frac-times60.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(-0.5 \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot a}} \]
    5. *-un-lft-identity60.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \pi}}{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot a} \]
    6. *-commutative60.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot -0.5}}{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot a} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr60.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot a}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative60.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot -0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(-a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    2. times-frac60.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{-a \cdot b}} \]
    3. add-sqr-sqrt28.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{-a \cdot b} \cdot \sqrt{-a \cdot b}}} \]
    4. sqrt-unprod41.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(-a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(-a \cdot b\right)}}} \]
    5. sqr-neg41.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}}} \]
    6. sqrt-unprod16.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{a \cdot b} \cdot \sqrt{a \cdot b}}} \]
    7. add-sqr-sqrt33.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. *-commutative33.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr33.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a}} \]
  12. Final simplification33.3%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\pi}{a} \cdot \frac{-0.5}{b \cdot a} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023332 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))