Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (13)

Percentage Accurate: 24.4% → 62.7%
Time: 21.7s
Alternatives: 4
Speedup: 151.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\ \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t_0 + \sqrt{t_0 \cdot t_0 - M \cdot M}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))))
   (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (+ t_0 (sqrt (- (* t_0 t_0) (* M M)))))))
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
}
real(8) function code(c0, w, h, d, d_1, m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: c0
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: h
    real(8), intent (in) :: d
    real(8), intent (in) :: d_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = (c0 * (d_1 * d_1)) / ((w * h) * (d * d))
    code = (c0 / (2.0d0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (m * m))))
end function
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + Math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D))
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(c0 * Float64(d * d)) / Float64(Float64(w * h) * Float64(D * D)))
	return Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w)) * Float64(t_0 + sqrt(Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) - Float64(M * M)))))
end
function tmp = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	tmp = (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(c0 * N[(d * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * N[(D * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t$95$0 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\
\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t_0 + \sqrt{t_0 \cdot t_0 - M \cdot M}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 4 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 24.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\ \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t_0 + \sqrt{t_0 \cdot t_0 - M \cdot M}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))))
   (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (+ t_0 (sqrt (- (* t_0 t_0) (* M M)))))))
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
}
real(8) function code(c0, w, h, d, d_1, m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: c0
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: h
    real(8), intent (in) :: d
    real(8), intent (in) :: d_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8) :: t_0
    t_0 = (c0 * (d_1 * d_1)) / ((w * h) * (d * d))
    code = (c0 / (2.0d0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (m * m))))
end function
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + Math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D))
	return (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + math.sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))))
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(c0 * Float64(d * d)) / Float64(Float64(w * h) * Float64(D * D)))
	return Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w)) * Float64(t_0 + sqrt(Float64(Float64(t_0 * t_0) - Float64(M * M)))))
end
function tmp = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	tmp = (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (t_0 + sqrt(((t_0 * t_0) - (M * M))));
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(c0 * N[(d * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * N[(D * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(t$95$0 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(t$95$0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] - N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\
\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(t_0 + \sqrt{t_0 \cdot t_0 - M \cdot M}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 62.7% accurate, 0.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w}\\ t_1 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t_0 \cdot \left(t_1 + \sqrt{t_1 \cdot t_1 - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0 \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.25 \cdot \frac{h \cdot {M}^{2}}{{\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ c0 (* 2.0 w))) (t_1 (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))))
   (if (<= (* t_0 (+ t_1 (sqrt (- (* t_1 t_1) (* M M))))) INFINITY)
     (* t_0 (* 2.0 (* (/ c0 (/ (* w (* h D)) d)) (/ d D))))
     (* 0.25 (/ (* h (pow M 2.0)) (pow (/ d D) 2.0))))))
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = c0 / (2.0 * w);
	double t_1 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	double tmp;
	if ((t_0 * (t_1 + sqrt(((t_1 * t_1) - (M * M))))) <= ((double) INFINITY)) {
		tmp = t_0 * (2.0 * ((c0 / ((w * (h * D)) / d)) * (d / D)));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.25 * ((h * pow(M, 2.0)) / pow((d / D), 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = c0 / (2.0 * w);
	double t_1 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	double tmp;
	if ((t_0 * (t_1 + Math.sqrt(((t_1 * t_1) - (M * M))))) <= Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
		tmp = t_0 * (2.0 * ((c0 / ((w * (h * D)) / d)) * (d / D)));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.25 * ((h * Math.pow(M, 2.0)) / Math.pow((d / D), 2.0));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	t_0 = c0 / (2.0 * w)
	t_1 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D))
	tmp = 0
	if (t_0 * (t_1 + math.sqrt(((t_1 * t_1) - (M * M))))) <= math.inf:
		tmp = t_0 * (2.0 * ((c0 / ((w * (h * D)) / d)) * (d / D)))
	else:
		tmp = 0.25 * ((h * math.pow(M, 2.0)) / math.pow((d / D), 2.0))
	return tmp
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w))
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(c0 * Float64(d * d)) / Float64(Float64(w * h) * Float64(D * D)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(t_0 * Float64(t_1 + sqrt(Float64(Float64(t_1 * t_1) - Float64(M * M))))) <= Inf)
		tmp = Float64(t_0 * Float64(2.0 * Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(Float64(w * Float64(h * D)) / d)) * Float64(d / D))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.25 * Float64(Float64(h * (M ^ 2.0)) / (Float64(d / D) ^ 2.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = c0 / (2.0 * w);
	t_1 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t_0 * (t_1 + sqrt(((t_1 * t_1) - (M * M))))) <= Inf)
		tmp = t_0 * (2.0 * ((c0 / ((w * (h * D)) / d)) * (d / D)));
	else
		tmp = 0.25 * ((h * (M ^ 2.0)) / ((d / D) ^ 2.0));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(c0 * N[(d * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * N[(D * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(t$95$0 * N[(t$95$1 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(t$95$1 * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] - N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], Infinity], N[(t$95$0 * N[(2.0 * N[(N[(c0 / N[(N[(w * N[(h * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(d / D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.25 * N[(N[(h * N[Power[M, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[(d / D), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w}\\
t_1 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t_0 \cdot \left(t_1 + \sqrt{t_1 \cdot t_1 - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0 \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.25 \cdot \frac{h \cdot {M}^{2}}{{\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)}^{2}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (*.f64 (/.f64 c0 (*.f64 2 w)) (+.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (sqrt.f64 (-.f64 (*.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D)))) (*.f64 M M))))) < +inf.0

    1. Initial program 78.4%

      \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
    2. Simplified77.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D} + \sqrt{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) - M \cdot M}\right)} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in c0 around inf 76.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow276.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(d \cdot d\right)}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      2. associate-*r*78.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      3. pow278.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative78.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot h\right)}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative78.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}}\right) \]
      6. associate-*r*77.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D\right) \cdot D}}\right) \]
      7. times-frac81.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{c0 \cdot d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)}\right) \]
    5. Applied egg-rr81.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{c0 \cdot d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)}\right) \]
    6. Taylor expanded in c0 around 0 81.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{c0 \cdot d}{D \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*81.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{c0}{\frac{D \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}{d}}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
      2. associate-*r*83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot h\right) \cdot w}}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
      3. *-commutative83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(h \cdot D\right)} \cdot w}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
      4. *-commutative83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{\color{blue}{w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)}}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
      5. *-commutative83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \color{blue}{\left(D \cdot h\right)}}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
    8. Simplified83.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \left(D \cdot h\right)}{d}}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]

    if +inf.0 < (*.f64 (/.f64 c0 (*.f64 2 w)) (+.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (sqrt.f64 (-.f64 (*.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D)))) (*.f64 M M)))))

    1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
    2. Simplified3.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D} + \sqrt{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) - M \cdot M}\right)} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in c0 around -inf 2.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) + 0.5 \cdot \frac{{D}^{2} \cdot \left({M}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)\right)}{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. +-commutative2.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \frac{{D}^{2} \cdot \left({M}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)\right)}{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}} + -1 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
      2. fma-def2.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2} \cdot \left({M}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)\right)}{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}, -1 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
      3. associate-/l*2.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \color{blue}{\frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{{M}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}}}, -1 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      4. *-commutative2.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\color{blue}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}}, -1 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)\right) \]
      5. associate-*r*2.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      6. neg-mul-12.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, \color{blue}{\left(-c0\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) \]
      7. distribute-lft1-in2.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, \left(-c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      8. metadata-eval2.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, \left(-c0\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{0} \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) \]
      9. mul0-lft27.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, \left(-c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
      10. distribute-lft-neg-in27.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, \color{blue}{-c0 \cdot 0}\right) \]
      11. distribute-rgt-neg-in27.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, \color{blue}{c0 \cdot \left(-0\right)}\right) \]
      12. metadata-eval27.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, c0 \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
    5. Simplified27.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{{D}^{2}}{\frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{\left(h \cdot w\right) \cdot {M}^{2}}}, c0 \cdot 0\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in c0 around 0 43.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{{D}^{2} \cdot \left({M}^{2} \cdot h\right)}{{d}^{2}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative43.2%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left({M}^{2} \cdot h\right) \cdot {D}^{2}}}{{d}^{2}} \]
      2. associate-/l*42.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{{M}^{2} \cdot h}{\frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2}}}} \]
      3. *-commutative42.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{h \cdot {M}^{2}}}{\frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2}}} \]
      4. unpow242.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{h \cdot {M}^{2}}{\frac{\color{blue}{d \cdot d}}{{D}^{2}}} \]
      5. unpow242.0%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{h \cdot {M}^{2}}{\frac{d \cdot d}{\color{blue}{D \cdot D}}} \]
      6. times-frac51.2%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{h \cdot {M}^{2}}{\color{blue}{\frac{d}{D} \cdot \frac{d}{D}}} \]
      7. unpow251.2%

        \[\leadsto 0.25 \cdot \frac{h \cdot {M}^{2}}{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    8. Simplified51.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.25 \cdot \frac{h \cdot {M}^{2}}{{\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)}^{2}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification62.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.25 \cdot \frac{h \cdot {M}^{2}}{{\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 2: 56.0% accurate, 0.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w}\\ t_1 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\ \mathbf{if}\;t_0 \cdot \left(t_1 + \sqrt{t_1 \cdot t_1 - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0 \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ c0 (* 2.0 w))) (t_1 (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))))
   (if (<= (* t_0 (+ t_1 (sqrt (- (* t_1 t_1) (* M M))))) INFINITY)
     (* t_0 (* 2.0 (* (/ c0 (/ (* w (* h D)) d)) (/ d D))))
     0.0)))
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = c0 / (2.0 * w);
	double t_1 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	double tmp;
	if ((t_0 * (t_1 + sqrt(((t_1 * t_1) - (M * M))))) <= ((double) INFINITY)) {
		tmp = t_0 * (2.0 * ((c0 / ((w * (h * D)) / d)) * (d / D)));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double t_0 = c0 / (2.0 * w);
	double t_1 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	double tmp;
	if ((t_0 * (t_1 + Math.sqrt(((t_1 * t_1) - (M * M))))) <= Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
		tmp = t_0 * (2.0 * ((c0 / ((w * (h * D)) / d)) * (d / D)));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	t_0 = c0 / (2.0 * w)
	t_1 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D))
	tmp = 0
	if (t_0 * (t_1 + math.sqrt(((t_1 * t_1) - (M * M))))) <= math.inf:
		tmp = t_0 * (2.0 * ((c0 / ((w * (h * D)) / d)) * (d / D)))
	else:
		tmp = 0.0
	return tmp
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w))
	t_1 = Float64(Float64(c0 * Float64(d * d)) / Float64(Float64(w * h) * Float64(D * D)))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(t_0 * Float64(t_1 + sqrt(Float64(Float64(t_1 * t_1) - Float64(M * M))))) <= Inf)
		tmp = Float64(t_0 * Float64(2.0 * Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(Float64(w * Float64(h * D)) / d)) * Float64(d / D))));
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	t_0 = c0 / (2.0 * w);
	t_1 = (c0 * (d * d)) / ((w * h) * (D * D));
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t_0 * (t_1 + sqrt(((t_1 * t_1) - (M * M))))) <= Inf)
		tmp = t_0 * (2.0 * ((c0 / ((w * (h * D)) / d)) * (d / D)));
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[(N[(c0 * N[(d * d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision] * N[(D * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(t$95$0 * N[(t$95$1 + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(t$95$1 * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] - N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], Infinity], N[(t$95$0 * N[(2.0 * N[(N[(c0 / N[(N[(w * N[(h * D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / d), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(d / D), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w}\\
t_1 := \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t_0 \cdot \left(t_1 + \sqrt{t_1 \cdot t_1 - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0 \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (*.f64 (/.f64 c0 (*.f64 2 w)) (+.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (sqrt.f64 (-.f64 (*.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D)))) (*.f64 M M))))) < +inf.0

    1. Initial program 78.4%

      \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
    2. Simplified77.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D} + \sqrt{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) - M \cdot M}\right)} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in c0 around inf 76.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow276.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(d \cdot d\right)}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      2. associate-*r*78.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      3. pow278.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative78.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot h\right)}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative78.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}}\right) \]
      6. associate-*r*77.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D\right) \cdot D}}\right) \]
      7. times-frac81.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{c0 \cdot d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)}\right) \]
    5. Applied egg-rr81.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{c0 \cdot d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)}\right) \]
    6. Taylor expanded in c0 around 0 81.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{c0 \cdot d}{D \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*81.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{c0}{\frac{D \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}{d}}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
      2. associate-*r*83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot h\right) \cdot w}}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
      3. *-commutative83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(h \cdot D\right)} \cdot w}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
      4. *-commutative83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{\color{blue}{w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)}}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
      5. *-commutative83.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \color{blue}{\left(D \cdot h\right)}}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
    8. Simplified83.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \left(D \cdot h\right)}{d}}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]

    if +inf.0 < (*.f64 (/.f64 c0 (*.f64 2 w)) (+.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (sqrt.f64 (-.f64 (*.f64 (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D))) (/.f64 (*.f64 c0 (*.f64 d d)) (*.f64 (*.f64 w h) (*.f64 D D)))) (*.f64 M M)))))

    1. Initial program 0.0%

      \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
    2. Simplified3.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D} + \sqrt{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) - M \cdot M}\right)} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in c0 around -inf 3.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*3.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)} \]
      2. neg-mul-13.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-c0\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) \]
      3. distribute-lft1-in3.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval3.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{0} \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) \]
      5. mul0-lft40.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-neg-in40.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-c0 \cdot 0\right)} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-in40.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot \left(-0\right)\right)} \]
      8. metadata-eval40.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
    5. Simplified40.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot 0\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in c0 around 0 45.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification58.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \leq \infty:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{\frac{w \cdot \left(h \cdot D\right)}{d}} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 3: 46.2% accurate, 5.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;h \leq -3.1 \cdot 10^{+245}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;h \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{-275} \lor \neg \left(h \leq 8.2 \cdot 10^{-227}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{d}{D} \cdot \left(\frac{d}{D} \cdot \frac{c0}{w \cdot h}\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= h -3.1e+245)
   0.0
   (if (or (<= h 2.1e-275) (not (<= h 8.2e-227)))
     (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (* 2.0 (* (/ d D) (* (/ d D) (/ c0 (* w h))))))
     0.0)))
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double tmp;
	if (h <= -3.1e+245) {
		tmp = 0.0;
	} else if ((h <= 2.1e-275) || !(h <= 8.2e-227)) {
		tmp = (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (2.0 * ((d / D) * ((d / D) * (c0 / (w * h)))));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(c0, w, h, d, d_1, m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: c0
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: h
    real(8), intent (in) :: d
    real(8), intent (in) :: d_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (h <= (-3.1d+245)) then
        tmp = 0.0d0
    else if ((h <= 2.1d-275) .or. (.not. (h <= 8.2d-227))) then
        tmp = (c0 / (2.0d0 * w)) * (2.0d0 * ((d_1 / d) * ((d_1 / d) * (c0 / (w * h)))))
    else
        tmp = 0.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	double tmp;
	if (h <= -3.1e+245) {
		tmp = 0.0;
	} else if ((h <= 2.1e-275) || !(h <= 8.2e-227)) {
		tmp = (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (2.0 * ((d / D) * ((d / D) * (c0 / (w * h)))));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	tmp = 0
	if h <= -3.1e+245:
		tmp = 0.0
	elif (h <= 2.1e-275) or not (h <= 8.2e-227):
		tmp = (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (2.0 * ((d / D) * ((d / D) * (c0 / (w * h)))))
	else:
		tmp = 0.0
	return tmp
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (h <= -3.1e+245)
		tmp = 0.0;
	elseif ((h <= 2.1e-275) || !(h <= 8.2e-227))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(c0 / Float64(2.0 * w)) * Float64(2.0 * Float64(Float64(d / D) * Float64(Float64(d / D) * Float64(c0 / Float64(w * h))))));
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (h <= -3.1e+245)
		tmp = 0.0;
	elseif ((h <= 2.1e-275) || ~((h <= 8.2e-227)))
		tmp = (c0 / (2.0 * w)) * (2.0 * ((d / D) * ((d / D) * (c0 / (w * h)))));
	else
		tmp = 0.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := If[LessEqual[h, -3.1e+245], 0.0, If[Or[LessEqual[h, 2.1e-275], N[Not[LessEqual[h, 8.2e-227]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(c0 / N[(2.0 * w), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(2.0 * N[(N[(d / D), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(d / D), $MachinePrecision] * N[(c0 / N[(w * h), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 0.0]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;h \leq -3.1 \cdot 10^{+245}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\

\mathbf{elif}\;h \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{-275} \lor \neg \left(h \leq 8.2 \cdot 10^{-227}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{d}{D} \cdot \left(\frac{d}{D} \cdot \frac{c0}{w \cdot h}\right)\right)\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if h < -3.0999999999999999e245 or 2.09999999999999988e-275 < h < 8.20000000000000018e-227

    1. Initial program 0.6%

      \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
    2. Simplified4.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D} + \sqrt{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) - M \cdot M}\right)} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in c0 around -inf 8.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r*8.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)} \]
      2. neg-mul-18.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-c0\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) \]
      3. distribute-lft1-in8.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)}\right) \]
      4. metadata-eval8.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{0} \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) \]
      5. mul0-lft58.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
      6. distribute-lft-neg-in58.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-c0 \cdot 0\right)} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-in58.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot \left(-0\right)\right)} \]
      8. metadata-eval58.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
    5. Simplified58.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot 0\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in c0 around 0 58.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]

    if -3.0999999999999999e245 < h < 2.09999999999999988e-275 or 8.20000000000000018e-227 < h

    1. Initial program 29.7%

      \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
    2. Simplified30.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D} + \sqrt{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) - M \cdot M}\right)} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in c0 around inf 40.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot {d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow240.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(d \cdot d\right)}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      2. associate-*r*43.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      3. pow243.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative43.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\left(D \cdot D\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(w \cdot h\right)}}\right) \]
      5. *-commutative43.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)}}\right) \]
      6. associate-*r*45.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(c0 \cdot d\right) \cdot d}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D\right) \cdot D}}\right) \]
      7. times-frac53.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{c0 \cdot d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)}\right) \]
    5. Applied egg-rr53.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{c0 \cdot d}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot D} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)}\right) \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac55.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
    7. Applied egg-rr55.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)} \cdot \frac{d}{D}\right)\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification56.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;h \leq -3.1 \cdot 10^{+245}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;h \leq 2.1 \cdot 10^{-275} \lor \neg \left(h \leq 8.2 \cdot 10^{-227}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{d}{D} \cdot \left(\frac{d}{D} \cdot \frac{c0}{w \cdot h}\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 4: 33.3% accurate, 151.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(c0, w, h, d, d_1, m)
    real(8), intent (in) :: c0
    real(8), intent (in) :: w
    real(8), intent (in) :: h
    real(8), intent (in) :: d
    real(8), intent (in) :: d_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double c0, double w, double h, double D, double d, double M) {
	return 0.0;
}
def code(c0, w, h, D, d, M):
	return 0.0
function code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	return 0.0
end
function tmp = code(c0, w, h, D, d, M)
	tmp = 0.0;
end
code[c0_, w_, h_, D_, d_, M_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 27.0%

    \[\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} + \sqrt{\frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} \cdot \frac{c0 \cdot \left(d \cdot d\right)}{\left(w \cdot h\right) \cdot \left(D \cdot D\right)} - M \cdot M}\right) \]
  2. Simplified28.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D} + \sqrt{\left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{c0}{w \cdot h} \cdot \frac{d \cdot d}{D \cdot D}\right) - M \cdot M}\right)} \]
  3. Taylor expanded in c0 around -inf 6.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*6.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 \cdot c0\right) \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right)} \]
    2. neg-mul-16.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-c0\right)} \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)} + \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) \]
    3. distribute-lft1-in6.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(-1 + 1\right) \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval6.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{0} \cdot \frac{{d}^{2}}{{D}^{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot w\right)}\right)\right) \]
    5. mul0-lft31.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(\left(-c0\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
    6. distribute-lft-neg-in31.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-c0 \cdot 0\right)} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in31.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot \left(-0\right)\right)} \]
    8. metadata-eval31.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \left(c0 \cdot \color{blue}{0}\right) \]
  5. Simplified31.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{c0}{2 \cdot w} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(c0 \cdot 0\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in c0 around 0 34.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  7. Final simplification34.2%

    \[\leadsto 0 \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023319 
(FPCore (c0 w h D d M)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (13)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (/ c0 (* 2.0 w)) (+ (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D))) (sqrt (- (* (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D))) (/ (* c0 (* d d)) (* (* w h) (* D D)))) (* M M))))))