Simplification of discriminant from scale-rotated-ellipse

Percentage Accurate: 25.3% → 94.6%
Time: 1.8min
Alternatives: 6
Speedup: 2485.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t_0\\ t_2 := \cos t_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t_1\right) \cdot t_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_3 \cdot t_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
          y-scale)))
   (-
    (* t_3 t_3)
    (*
     (*
      4.0
      (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
     (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	return Float64(Float64(t_3 * t_3) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	tmp = (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(t$95$3 * t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t_0\\
t_2 := \cos t_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t_1\right) \cdot t_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_3 \cdot t_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 6 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 25.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t_0\\ t_2 := \cos t_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t_1\right) \cdot t_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_3 \cdot t_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
          y-scale)))
   (-
    (* t_3 t_3)
    (*
     (*
      4.0
      (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
     (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	return Float64(Float64(t_3 * t_3) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	tmp = (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(t$95$3 * t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t_0\\
t_2 := \cos t_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t_1\right) \cdot t_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_3 \cdot t_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 94.6% accurate, 22.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -4 \cdot {\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (* -4.0 (pow (* (/ a x-scale) (/ b y-scale)) 2.0)))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return -4.0 * pow(((a / x_45_scale) * (b / y_45_scale)), 2.0);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
    code = (-4.0d0) * (((a / x_45scale) * (b / y_45scale)) ** 2.0d0)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return -4.0 * Math.pow(((a / x_45_scale) * (b / y_45_scale)), 2.0);
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	return -4.0 * math.pow(((a / x_45_scale) * (b / y_45_scale)), 2.0)
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	return Float64(-4.0 * (Float64(Float64(a / x_45_scale) * Float64(b / y_45_scale)) ^ 2.0))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = -4.0 * (((a / x_45_scale) * (b / y_45_scale)) ^ 2.0);
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(-4.0 * N[Power[N[(N[(a / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-4 \cdot {\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}^{2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 22.6%

    \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. Simplified20.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot \frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 53.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-sqr-sqrt53.5%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)} \]
      2. pow253.5%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2}} \]
      3. div-inv53.5%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
      4. pow-prod-down66.4%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
      5. pow-prod-down82.6%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
      6. pow-flip83.0%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\left(-2\right)}}}\right)}^{2} \]
      7. metadata-eval83.0%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
    4. Applied egg-rr83.0%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{-2}}\right)}^{2}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.8%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac95.3%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
    7. Simplified95.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
    8. Final simplification95.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}^{2} \]

    Alternative 2: 90.2% accurate, 130.4× speedup?

    \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\\ \mathbf{if}\;a \leq 1.45 \cdot 10^{-229}:\\ \;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \frac{t_0 \cdot \frac{a}{\frac{x-scale}{b}}}{y-scale}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot t_0}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
    (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
     :precision binary64
     (let* ((t_0 (* (/ a y-scale) (/ b x-scale))))
       (if (<= a 1.45e-229)
         (* -4.0 (/ (* t_0 (/ a (/ x-scale b))) y-scale))
         (* -4.0 (/ (* a t_0) (/ y-scale (/ b x-scale)))))))
    double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
    	double t_0 = (a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale);
    	double tmp;
    	if (a <= 1.45e-229) {
    		tmp = -4.0 * ((t_0 * (a / (x_45_scale / b))) / y_45_scale);
    	} else {
    		tmp = -4.0 * ((a * t_0) / (y_45_scale / (b / x_45_scale)));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
        real(8), intent (in) :: a
        real(8), intent (in) :: b
        real(8), intent (in) :: angle
        real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
        real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
        real(8) :: t_0
        real(8) :: tmp
        t_0 = (a / y_45scale) * (b / x_45scale)
        if (a <= 1.45d-229) then
            tmp = (-4.0d0) * ((t_0 * (a / (x_45scale / b))) / y_45scale)
        else
            tmp = (-4.0d0) * ((a * t_0) / (y_45scale / (b / x_45scale)))
        end if
        code = tmp
    end function
    
    public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
    	double t_0 = (a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale);
    	double tmp;
    	if (a <= 1.45e-229) {
    		tmp = -4.0 * ((t_0 * (a / (x_45_scale / b))) / y_45_scale);
    	} else {
    		tmp = -4.0 * ((a * t_0) / (y_45_scale / (b / x_45_scale)));
    	}
    	return tmp;
    }
    
    def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
    	t_0 = (a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale)
    	tmp = 0
    	if a <= 1.45e-229:
    		tmp = -4.0 * ((t_0 * (a / (x_45_scale / b))) / y_45_scale)
    	else:
    		tmp = -4.0 * ((a * t_0) / (y_45_scale / (b / x_45_scale)))
    	return tmp
    
    function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
    	t_0 = Float64(Float64(a / y_45_scale) * Float64(b / x_45_scale))
    	tmp = 0.0
    	if (a <= 1.45e-229)
    		tmp = Float64(-4.0 * Float64(Float64(t_0 * Float64(a / Float64(x_45_scale / b))) / y_45_scale));
    	else
    		tmp = Float64(-4.0 * Float64(Float64(a * t_0) / Float64(y_45_scale / Float64(b / x_45_scale))));
    	end
    	return tmp
    end
    
    function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
    	t_0 = (a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale);
    	tmp = 0.0;
    	if (a <= 1.45e-229)
    		tmp = -4.0 * ((t_0 * (a / (x_45_scale / b))) / y_45_scale);
    	else
    		tmp = -4.0 * ((a * t_0) / (y_45_scale / (b / x_45_scale)));
    	end
    	tmp_2 = tmp;
    end
    
    code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(a / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[a, 1.45e-229], N[(-4.0 * N[(N[(t$95$0 * N[(a / N[(x$45$scale / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(-4.0 * N[(N[(a * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision] / N[(y$45$scale / N[(b / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]
    
    \begin{array}{l}
    
    \\
    \begin{array}{l}
    t_0 := \frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\\
    \mathbf{if}\;a \leq 1.45 \cdot 10^{-229}:\\
    \;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \frac{t_0 \cdot \frac{a}{\frac{x-scale}{b}}}{y-scale}\\
    
    \mathbf{else}:\\
    \;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot t_0}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}}\\
    
    
    \end{array}
    \end{array}
    
    Derivation
    1. Split input into 2 regimes
    2. if a < 1.45e-229

      1. Initial program 23.7%

        \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
      2. Step-by-step derivation
        1. Simplified21.7%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot \frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}} \]
        2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 55.3%

          \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
        3. Step-by-step derivation
          1. add-sqr-sqrt55.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)} \]
          2. pow255.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2}} \]
          3. div-inv55.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
          4. pow-prod-down68.0%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
          5. pow-prod-down83.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
          6. pow-flip83.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\left(-2\right)}}}\right)}^{2} \]
          7. metadata-eval83.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
        4. Applied egg-rr83.3%

          \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{-2}}\right)}^{2}} \]
        5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 93.5%

          \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
        6. Step-by-step derivation
          1. times-frac95.2%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
        7. Simplified95.2%

          \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
        8. Step-by-step derivation
          1. unpow295.2%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)\right)} \]
          2. associate-*r/95.2%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot b}{y-scale}} \cdot \left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)\right) \]
          3. associate-*l/93.8%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}{y-scale}} \]
          4. associate-*l/89.4%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale}} \cdot \left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}{y-scale} \]
          5. associate-/l*90.0%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{a}{\frac{x-scale}{b}}} \cdot \left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}{y-scale} \]
          6. frac-times87.1%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\frac{a}{\frac{x-scale}{b}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}}}{y-scale} \]
          7. *-commutative87.1%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\frac{a}{\frac{x-scale}{b}} \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot x-scale}}}{y-scale} \]
          8. times-frac92.6%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\frac{a}{\frac{x-scale}{b}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)}}{y-scale} \]
        9. Applied egg-rr92.6%

          \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{a}{\frac{x-scale}{b}} \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)}{y-scale}} \]

        if 1.45e-229 < a

        1. Initial program 21.0%

          \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Simplified18.9%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot \frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}} \]
          2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 51.0%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. add-sqr-sqrt51.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)} \]
            2. pow251.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2}} \]
            3. div-inv51.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            4. pow-prod-down64.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            5. pow-prod-down81.5%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            6. pow-flip82.5%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\left(-2\right)}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            7. metadata-eval82.5%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
          4. Applied egg-rr82.5%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{-2}}\right)}^{2}} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 91.8%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. times-frac95.4%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
          7. Simplified95.4%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
          8. Step-by-step derivation
            1. unpow295.4%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)\right)} \]
            2. frac-times87.7%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}}\right) \]
            3. associate-/l*88.7%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}}}\right) \]
            4. associate-*r/87.7%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}}} \]
            5. frac-times89.9%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}} \cdot a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}} \]
            6. *-commutative89.9%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\frac{a \cdot b}{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot x-scale}} \cdot a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}} \]
            7. times-frac86.5%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)} \cdot a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}} \]
            8. *-commutative86.5%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot a}{\frac{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot x-scale}}{b}} \]
            9. associate-/l*92.3%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot a}{\color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}}} \]
          9. Applied egg-rr92.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot a}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}}} \]
        3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
        4. Final simplification92.5%

          \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;a \leq 1.45 \cdot 10^{-229}:\\ \;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{a}{\frac{x-scale}{b}}}{y-scale}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}}\\ \end{array} \]

        Alternative 3: 86.2% accurate, 146.2× speedup?

        \[\begin{array}{l} \\ -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\left(\frac{x-scale}{a} \cdot \frac{y-scale}{b}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)} \end{array} \]
        (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
         :precision binary64
         (* -4.0 (/ (* a b) (* (* (/ x-scale a) (/ y-scale b)) (* x-scale y-scale)))))
        double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return -4.0 * ((a * b) / (((x_45_scale / a) * (y_45_scale / b)) * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)));
        }
        
        real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
            real(8), intent (in) :: a
            real(8), intent (in) :: b
            real(8), intent (in) :: angle
            real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
            real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
            code = (-4.0d0) * ((a * b) / (((x_45scale / a) * (y_45scale / b)) * (x_45scale * y_45scale)))
        end function
        
        public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
        	return -4.0 * ((a * b) / (((x_45_scale / a) * (y_45_scale / b)) * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)));
        }
        
        def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
        	return -4.0 * ((a * b) / (((x_45_scale / a) * (y_45_scale / b)) * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)))
        
        function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	return Float64(-4.0 * Float64(Float64(a * b) / Float64(Float64(Float64(x_45_scale / a) * Float64(y_45_scale / b)) * Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale))))
        end
        
        function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
        	tmp = -4.0 * ((a * b) / (((x_45_scale / a) * (y_45_scale / b)) * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)));
        end
        
        code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(-4.0 * N[(N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(x$45$scale / a), $MachinePrecision] * N[(y$45$scale / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
        
        \begin{array}{l}
        
        \\
        -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\left(\frac{x-scale}{a} \cdot \frac{y-scale}{b}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}
        \end{array}
        
        Derivation
        1. Initial program 22.6%

          \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
        2. Step-by-step derivation
          1. Simplified20.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot \frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}} \]
          2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 53.5%

            \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
          3. Step-by-step derivation
            1. add-sqr-sqrt53.5%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)} \]
            2. pow253.5%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2}} \]
            3. div-inv53.5%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            4. pow-prod-down66.4%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            5. pow-prod-down82.6%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            6. pow-flip83.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\left(-2\right)}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            7. metadata-eval83.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
          4. Applied egg-rr83.0%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{-2}}\right)}^{2}} \]
          5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.8%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
          6. Step-by-step derivation
            1. times-frac95.3%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
          7. Simplified95.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
          8. Step-by-step derivation
            1. frac-times92.8%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
            2. unpow292.8%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)} \]
            3. clear-num92.8%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{a \cdot b}}} \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right) \]
            4. *-commutative92.8%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{a \cdot b}} \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot x-scale}}\right) \]
            5. frac-times90.8%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{a \cdot b} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}} \]
            6. *-un-lft-identity90.8%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{a \cdot b}}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{a \cdot b} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)} \]
            7. times-frac87.3%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x-scale}{a} \cdot \frac{y-scale}{b}\right)} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)} \]
            8. *-commutative87.3%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\left(\frac{x-scale}{a} \cdot \frac{y-scale}{b}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}} \]
          9. Applied egg-rr87.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\left(\frac{x-scale}{a} \cdot \frac{y-scale}{b}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}} \]
          10. Final simplification87.3%

            \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\left(\frac{x-scale}{a} \cdot \frac{y-scale}{b}\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)} \]

          Alternative 4: 89.9% accurate, 146.2× speedup?

          \[\begin{array}{l} \\ -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}} \end{array} \]
          (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
           :precision binary64
           (* -4.0 (/ (* a (* (/ a y-scale) (/ b x-scale))) (/ y-scale (/ b x-scale)))))
          double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
          	return -4.0 * ((a * ((a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale))) / (y_45_scale / (b / x_45_scale)));
          }
          
          real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
              real(8), intent (in) :: a
              real(8), intent (in) :: b
              real(8), intent (in) :: angle
              real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
              real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
              code = (-4.0d0) * ((a * ((a / y_45scale) * (b / x_45scale))) / (y_45scale / (b / x_45scale)))
          end function
          
          public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
          	return -4.0 * ((a * ((a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale))) / (y_45_scale / (b / x_45_scale)));
          }
          
          def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
          	return -4.0 * ((a * ((a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale))) / (y_45_scale / (b / x_45_scale)))
          
          function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
          	return Float64(-4.0 * Float64(Float64(a * Float64(Float64(a / y_45_scale) * Float64(b / x_45_scale))) / Float64(y_45_scale / Float64(b / x_45_scale))))
          end
          
          function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
          	tmp = -4.0 * ((a * ((a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale))) / (y_45_scale / (b / x_45_scale)));
          end
          
          code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(-4.0 * N[(N[(a * N[(N[(a / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(y$45$scale / N[(b / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
          
          \begin{array}{l}
          
          \\
          -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}}
          \end{array}
          
          Derivation
          1. Initial program 22.6%

            \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
          2. Step-by-step derivation
            1. Simplified20.5%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot \frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}} \]
            2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 53.5%

              \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
            3. Step-by-step derivation
              1. add-sqr-sqrt53.5%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)} \]
              2. pow253.5%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2}} \]
              3. div-inv53.5%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
              4. pow-prod-down66.4%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{1}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
              5. pow-prod-down82.6%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}}}\right)}^{2} \]
              6. pow-flip83.0%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\left(-2\right)}}}\right)}^{2} \]
              7. metadata-eval83.0%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}}}\right)}^{2} \]
            4. Applied egg-rr83.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2} \cdot {\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{-2}}\right)}^{2}} \]
            5. Taylor expanded in a around 0 92.8%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
            6. Step-by-step derivation
              1. times-frac95.3%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
            7. Simplified95.3%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \]
            8. Step-by-step derivation
              1. unpow295.3%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)\right)} \]
              2. frac-times88.5%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}}\right) \]
              3. associate-/l*89.0%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}}}\right) \]
              4. associate-*r/87.6%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}}} \]
              5. frac-times89.6%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}} \cdot a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}} \]
              6. *-commutative89.6%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\frac{a \cdot b}{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot x-scale}} \cdot a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}} \]
              7. times-frac87.1%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)} \cdot a}{\frac{x-scale \cdot y-scale}{b}} \]
              8. *-commutative87.1%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot a}{\frac{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot x-scale}}{b}} \]
              9. associate-/l*91.0%

                \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot a}{\color{blue}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}}} \]
            9. Applied egg-rr91.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot a}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}}} \]
            10. Final simplification91.0%

              \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)}{\frac{y-scale}{\frac{b}{x-scale}}} \]

            Alternative 5: 94.1% accurate, 146.2× speedup?

            \[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\\ t_0 \cdot \left(-4 \cdot t_0\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
            (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
             :precision binary64
             (let* ((t_0 (* (/ a y-scale) (/ b x-scale)))) (* t_0 (* -4.0 t_0))))
            double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
            	double t_0 = (a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale);
            	return t_0 * (-4.0 * t_0);
            }
            
            real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
                real(8), intent (in) :: a
                real(8), intent (in) :: b
                real(8), intent (in) :: angle
                real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
                real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
                real(8) :: t_0
                t_0 = (a / y_45scale) * (b / x_45scale)
                code = t_0 * ((-4.0d0) * t_0)
            end function
            
            public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
            	double t_0 = (a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale);
            	return t_0 * (-4.0 * t_0);
            }
            
            def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
            	t_0 = (a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale)
            	return t_0 * (-4.0 * t_0)
            
            function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
            	t_0 = Float64(Float64(a / y_45_scale) * Float64(b / x_45_scale))
            	return Float64(t_0 * Float64(-4.0 * t_0))
            end
            
            function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
            	t_0 = (a / y_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale);
            	tmp = t_0 * (-4.0 * t_0);
            end
            
            code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(a / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(t$95$0 * N[(-4.0 * t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
            
            \begin{array}{l}
            
            \\
            \begin{array}{l}
            t_0 := \frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\\
            t_0 \cdot \left(-4 \cdot t_0\right)
            \end{array}
            \end{array}
            
            Derivation
            1. Initial program 22.6%

              \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
            2. Step-by-step derivation
              1. Simplified20.5%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot \frac{\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}} \]
              2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 53.5%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
              3. Step-by-step derivation
                1. associate-*r/53.5%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
                2. *-commutative53.5%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                3. *-commutative53.5%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                4. pow-prod-down66.3%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}}}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
                5. *-commutative66.3%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot {\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}}{\color{blue}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}}} \]
                6. pow-prod-down82.9%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot {\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}}{\color{blue}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
              4. Applied egg-rr82.9%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot {\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
              5. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutative82.9%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot a\right)}}^{2}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}} \]
                2. pow-prod-down66.4%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}\right)}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}} \]
              6. Applied egg-rr66.4%

                \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}\right)}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}} \]
              7. Step-by-step derivation
                1. *-commutative66.4%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}\right)}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}} \]
                2. unpow-prod-down82.9%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}} \]
                3. *-un-lft-identity82.9%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot {\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot {\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
                4. times-frac82.9%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{1} \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}}} \]
                5. metadata-eval82.9%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4} \cdot \frac{{\left(a \cdot b\right)}^{2}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}} \]
                6. unpow282.9%

                  \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}}{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}} \]
                7. unpow282.9%

                  \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}} \]
                8. frac-times92.8%

                  \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{y-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{y-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)} \]
                9. *-commutative92.8%

                  \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot b}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}} \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{y-scale \cdot x-scale}\right) \]
                10. *-commutative92.8%

                  \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}}\right) \]
                11. unpow292.8%

                  \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}^{2}} \]
                12. *-commutative92.8%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{a \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}^{2} \cdot -4} \]
                13. frac-times95.3%

                  \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)}}^{2} \cdot -4 \]
                14. unpow295.3%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right)\right)} \cdot -4 \]
                15. associate-*l*95.3%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{y-scale}\right) \cdot -4\right)} \]
              8. Applied egg-rr94.7%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot -4\right)} \]
              9. Final simplification94.7%

                \[\leadsto \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)\right) \]

              Alternative 6: 35.1% accurate, 2485.0× speedup?

              \[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0 \end{array} \]
              (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale) :precision binary64 0.0)
              double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
              	return 0.0;
              }
              
              real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
                  real(8), intent (in) :: a
                  real(8), intent (in) :: b
                  real(8), intent (in) :: angle
                  real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
                  real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
                  code = 0.0d0
              end function
              
              public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
              	return 0.0;
              }
              
              def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
              	return 0.0
              
              function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
              	return 0.0
              end
              
              function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
              	tmp = 0.0;
              end
              
              code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := 0.0
              
              \begin{array}{l}
              
              \\
              0
              \end{array}
              
              Derivation
              1. Initial program 22.6%

                \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
              2. Simplified22.7%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{2 \cdot \left(\left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale}, \frac{\cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{2 \cdot \left(\left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{y-scale}, \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} \cdot \left(\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} \cdot -4\right)\right)} \]
              3. Taylor expanded in b around 0 22.7%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} + 4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
              4. Step-by-step derivation
                1. distribute-rgt-out22.7%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \cdot \left(-4 + 4\right)} \]
                2. metadata-eval22.7%

                  \[\leadsto \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \cdot \color{blue}{0} \]
                3. mul0-rgt30.3%

                  \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
              5. Simplified30.3%

                \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
              6. Final simplification30.3%

                \[\leadsto 0 \]

              Reproduce

              ?
              herbie shell --seed 2023318 
              (FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
                :name "Simplification of discriminant from scale-rotated-ellipse"
                :precision binary64
                (- (* (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale) (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale)) (* (* 4.0 (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))))