Disney BSSRDF, sample scattering profile, upper

Percentage Accurate: 95.9% → 98.3%

Time: 10.4s

Alternatives: 5

Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

\[\left(0 \leq s \land s \leq 256\right) \land \left(0.25 \leq u \land u \leq 1\right)\]

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (s u)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* 3.0 s) (log (/ 1.0 (- 1.0 (/ (- u 0.25) 0.75))))))

C

float code(float s, float u) {
	return (3.0f * s) * logf((1.0f / (1.0f - ((u - 0.25f) / 0.75f))));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(s, u)
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    code = (3.0e0 * s) * log((1.0e0 / (1.0e0 - ((u - 0.25e0) / 0.75e0))))
end function

Julia

function code(s, u)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(3.0) * s) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(Float32(u - Float32(0.25)) / Float32(0.75))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(s, u)
	tmp = (single(3.0) * s) * log((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) - ((u - single(0.25)) / single(0.75)))));
end

Initial Program: 95.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}}\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (s u)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* 3.0 s) (log (/ 1.0 (- 1.0 (/ (- u 0.25) 0.75))))))

C

float code(float s, float u) {
	return (3.0f * s) * logf((1.0f / (1.0f - ((u - 0.25f) / 0.75f))));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(s, u)
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    code = (3.0e0 * s) * log((1.0e0 / (1.0e0 - ((u - 0.25e0) / 0.75e0))))
end function

Julia

function code(s, u)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(3.0) * s) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(Float32(u - Float32(0.25)) / Float32(0.75))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(s, u)
	tmp = (single(3.0) * s) * log((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) - ((u - single(0.25)) / single(0.75)))));
end

Alternative 1: 98.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\left(-u\right) - -0.25}{0.75}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot -3\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (s u)
 :precision binary32
 (* (log1p (/ (- (- u) -0.25) 0.75)) (* s -3.0)))

C

float code(float s, float u) {
	return log1pf(((-u - -0.25f) / 0.75f)) * (s * -3.0f);
}

Julia

function code(s, u)
	return Float32(log1p(Float32(Float32(Float32(-u) - Float32(-0.25)) / Float32(0.75))) * Float32(s * Float32(-3.0)))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 95.6%

   \[\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log-rec 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-rgt-neg-out 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   3. distribute-lft-neg-out 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{s \cdot 3}\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   5. distribute-rgt-neg-in 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot \left(-3\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   6. metadata-eval 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{-3}\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   7. sub-neg 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   8. log1p-def 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-\frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   9. distribute-neg-frac 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-\left(u - 0.25\right)}{0.75}}\right) \]

   10. sub-neg 98.5%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u + \left(-0.25\right)\right)}}{0.75}\right) \]

   11. metadata-eval 98.5%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\left(u + \color{blue}{-0.25}\right)}{0.75}\right) \]

3. Simplified 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\left(u + -0.25\right)}{0.75}\right)} \]

4. Final simplification 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\left(-u\right) - -0.25}{0.75}\right) \cdot \left(s \cdot -3\right) \]

Alternative 2: 96.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \log \left(1.3333333333333333 - u \cdot 1.3333333333333333\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (s u)
 :precision binary32
 (* -3.0 (* s (log (- 1.3333333333333333 (* u 1.3333333333333333))))))

C

float code(float s, float u) {
	return -3.0f * (s * logf((1.3333333333333333f - (u * 1.3333333333333333f))));
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(s, u)
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    code = (-3.0e0) * (s * log((1.3333333333333333e0 - (u * 1.3333333333333333e0))))
end function

Julia

function code(s, u)
	return Float32(Float32(-3.0) * Float32(s * log(Float32(Float32(1.3333333333333333) - Float32(u * Float32(1.3333333333333333))))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(s, u)
	tmp = single(-3.0) * (s * log((single(1.3333333333333333) - (u * single(1.3333333333333333)))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 95.6%

   \[\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log-rec 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   2. div-sub 95.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{u}{0.75} - \frac{0.25}{0.75}\right)}\right)\right) \]

   3. metadata-eval 95.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 - \left(\frac{u}{0.75} - \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right)\right)\right) \]

3. Simplified 95.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 - \left(\frac{u}{0.75} - 0.3333333333333333\right)\right)\right)} \]

4. Taylor expanded in s around 0 96.2%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \log \left(1.3333333333333333 - 1.3333333333333333 \cdot u\right)\right)} \]

5. Final simplification 96.2%

   \[\leadsto -3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \log \left(1.3333333333333333 - u \cdot 1.3333333333333333\right)\right) \]

Alternative 3: 97.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (s u)
 :precision binary32
 (* -3.0 (* s (log1p (* 1.3333333333333333 (- 0.25 u))))))

C

float code(float s, float u) {
	return -3.0f * (s * log1pf((1.3333333333333333f * (0.25f - u))));
}

Julia

function code(s, u)
	return Float32(Float32(-3.0) * Float32(s * log1p(Float32(Float32(1.3333333333333333) * Float32(Float32(0.25) - u)))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 95.6%

   \[\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log-rec 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-rgt-neg-out 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   3. distribute-lft-neg-out 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{s \cdot 3}\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   5. distribute-rgt-neg-in 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot \left(-3\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   6. metadata-eval 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{-3}\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   7. sub-neg 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   8. log1p-def 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-\frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   9. distribute-neg-frac 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-\left(u - 0.25\right)}{0.75}}\right) \]

   10. sub-neg 98.5%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u + \left(-0.25\right)\right)}}{0.75}\right) \]

   11. metadata-eval 98.5%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\left(u + \color{blue}{-0.25}\right)}{0.75}\right) \]

3. Simplified 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\left(u + -0.25\right)}{0.75}\right)} \]

4. Taylor expanded in s around 0 96.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \log \left(1 + 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)\right)} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* 96.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 + 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)} \]

   2. log1p-def 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)} \]

6. Simplified 98.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)} \]

7. Taylor expanded in s around 0 96.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \log \left(1 + 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)\right)} \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log1p-def 98.0%

      \[\leadsto -3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)}\right) \]

9. Simplified 98.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)\right)} \]

10. Final simplification 98.0%

    \[\leadsto -3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)\right) \]

Alternative 4: 97.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (s u)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* s -3.0) (log1p (* 1.3333333333333333 (- 0.25 u)))))

C

float code(float s, float u) {
	return (s * -3.0f) * log1pf((1.3333333333333333f * (0.25f - u)));
}

Julia

function code(s, u)
	return Float32(Float32(s * Float32(-3.0)) * log1p(Float32(Float32(1.3333333333333333) * Float32(Float32(0.25) - u))))
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 95.6%

   \[\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log-rec 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-rgt-neg-out 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   3. distribute-lft-neg-out 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{s \cdot 3}\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   5. distribute-rgt-neg-in 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot \left(-3\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   6. metadata-eval 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{-3}\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   7. sub-neg 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   8. log1p-def 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-\frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   9. distribute-neg-frac 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-\left(u - 0.25\right)}{0.75}}\right) \]

   10. sub-neg 98.5%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\color{blue}{\left(u + \left(-0.25\right)\right)}}{0.75}\right) \]

   11. metadata-eval 98.5%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\left(u + \color{blue}{-0.25}\right)}{0.75}\right) \]

3. Simplified 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-\left(u + -0.25\right)}{0.75}\right)} \]

4. Taylor expanded in s around 0 96.5%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \log \left(1 + 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)\right)} \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-*r* 96.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 + 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)} \]

   2. log1p-def 98.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)} \]

6. Simplified 98.0%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right)} \]

7. Final simplification 98.0%

   \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(0.25 - u\right)\right) \]

Alternative 5: 29.6% accurate, 22.6× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ u \cdot \left(s \cdot 4\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (s u) :precision binary32 (* u (* s 4.0)))

C

float code(float s, float u) {
	return u * (s * 4.0f);
}

Fortran

real(4) function code(s, u)
    real(4), intent (in) :: s
    real(4), intent (in) :: u
    code = u * (s * 4.0e0)
end function

Julia

function code(s, u)
	return Float32(u * Float32(s * Float32(4.0)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(s, u)
	tmp = u * (s * single(4.0));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 95.6%

   \[\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}}\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. log-rec 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   2. distribute-rgt-neg-out 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\left(3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   3. distribute-lft-neg-out 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-3 \cdot s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   4. *-commutative 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-\color{blue}{s \cdot 3}\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   5. distribute-rgt-neg-in 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot \left(-3\right)\right)} \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   6. metadata-eval 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot \color{blue}{-3}\right) \cdot \log \left(1 - \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right) \]

   7. sub-neg 96.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)\right)} \]

   8. log1p-def 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-\frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}\right)} \]

   9. neg-mul-1 98.5%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{u - 0.25}{0.75}}\right) \]

   10. associate-*r/ 98.5%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(u - 0.25\right)}{0.75}}\right) \]

   11. associate-/l* 98.0%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{\frac{0.75}{u - 0.25}}}\right) \]

   12. associate-/r/ 98.0%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{0.75} \cdot \left(u - 0.25\right)}\right) \]

   13. sub-neg 98.0%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-1}{0.75} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(u + \left(-0.25\right)\right)}\right) \]

   14. distribute-lft-in 96.9%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{0.75} \cdot u + \frac{-1}{0.75} \cdot \left(-0.25\right)}\right) \]

   15. metadata-eval 96.9%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{-1.3333333333333333} \cdot u + \frac{-1}{0.75} \cdot \left(-0.25\right)\right) \]

   16. metadata-eval 96.9%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot u + \color{blue}{-1.3333333333333333} \cdot \left(-0.25\right)\right) \]

   17. metadata-eval 96.9%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot u + -1.3333333333333333 \cdot \color{blue}{-0.25}\right) \]

   18. metadata-eval 96.9%

       \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot u + \color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}\right) \]

3. Simplified 96.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(-1.3333333333333333 \cdot u + 0.3333333333333333\right)} \]

4. Taylor expanded in u around inf 19.6%

   \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{-1.3333333333333333 \cdot u}\right) \]
5. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 19.6%

      \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{u \cdot -1.3333333333333333}\right) \]

6. Simplified 19.6%

   \[\leadsto \left(s \cdot -3\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{u \cdot -1.3333333333333333}\right) \]

7. Taylor expanded in u around 0 29.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{4 \cdot \left(s \cdot u\right)} \]
8. Step-by-step derivation

   1. *-commutative 29.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(s \cdot u\right) \cdot 4} \]

   2. *-commutative 29.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(u \cdot s\right)} \cdot 4 \]

   3. associate-*l* 29.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u \cdot \left(s \cdot 4\right)} \]

9. Simplified 29.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{u \cdot \left(s \cdot 4\right)} \]

10. Final simplification 29.9%

    \[\leadsto u \cdot \left(s \cdot 4\right) \]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2023315 
(FPCore (s u)
  :name "Disney BSSRDF, sample scattering profile, upper"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (<= 0.25 u) (<= u 1.0)))
  (* (* 3.0 s) (log (/ 1.0 (- 1.0 (/ (- u 0.25) 0.75))))))