
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 6 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ 1.0 t_0)
(* u (+ (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ -1.0 t_0)))))
-1.0))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s));
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((1.0f / t_0) + (u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + (-1.0f / t_0))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / t_0) + Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) / t_0))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)); tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((single(1.0) / t_0) + (u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + (single(-1.0) / t_0))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{t_0} + u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{-1}{t_0}\right)} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(*
u
(+
(/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))
(/ -1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / (u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + (-1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / (u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + (single(-1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{-1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 97.8%
sub-neg97.8%
neg-mul-197.8%
distribute-frac-neg97.8%
metadata-eval97.8%
Simplified97.8%
Final simplification97.8%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(-
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (+ u -1.0) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) - ((u + -1.0f) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) - Float32(Float32(u + Float32(-1.0)) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) - ((u + single(-1.0)) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} - \frac{u + -1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- (* 2.0 (* s u)) (* s (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return (2.0f * (s * u)) - (s * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(s * u)) - Float32(s * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
2 \cdot \left(s \cdot u\right) - s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv24.8%
metadata-eval24.8%
distribute-rgt-out--24.8%
metadata-eval24.8%
*-commutative24.8%
Simplified24.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.1%
+-commutative25.1%
mul-1-neg25.1%
unsub-neg25.1%
*-commutative25.1%
log1p-def25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.1%
Final simplification25.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log1p (/ PI s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 24.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv24.8%
metadata-eval24.8%
distribute-rgt-out--24.8%
metadata-eval24.8%
*-commutative24.8%
Simplified24.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.0%
mul-1-neg25.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in25.0%
log1p-def25.0%
Simplified25.0%
Final simplification25.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.3%
neg-mul-111.3%
Simplified11.3%
Final simplification11.3%
herbie shell --seed 2023314
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))