HairBSDF, Mp, upper

Percentage Accurate: 98.5% → 98.4%
Time: 17.7s
Alternatives: 18
Speedup: N/A×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-1 \leq cosTheta_i \land cosTheta_i \leq 1\right) \land \left(-1 \leq cosTheta_O \land cosTheta_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta_i \land sinTheta_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta_O \land sinTheta_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land 0.1 < v\right) \land v \leq 1.5707964\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 18 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (fabs (/ 0.5 (sinh (/ -1.0 v))))
  (* (* cosTheta_i (/ cosTheta_O v)) (/ 1.0 v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return fabsf((0.5f / sinhf((-1.0f / v)))) * ((cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) * (1.0f / v));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = abs((0.5e0 / sinh(((-1.0e0) / v)))) * ((costheta_i * (costheta_o / v)) * (1.0e0 / v))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(abs(Float32(Float32(0.5) / sinh(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / v)))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(cosTheta_O / v)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = abs((single(0.5) / sinh((single(-1.0) / v)))) * ((cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) * (single(1.0) / v));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
    2. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    4. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    8. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    9. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. div-inv98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. clear-num98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. rec-exp98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. distribute-neg-frac98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  8. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. sqrt-unprod98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. inv-pow98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    4. inv-pow98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. pow-prod-up98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  10. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-2}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot -1\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. pow-sqr98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. unpow-198.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    4. unpow-198.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. rem-sqrt-square98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    6. associate-/r*98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  12. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  13. Final simplification98.6%

    \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]

Alternative 2: 72.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - \frac{0.08333333333333333}{v}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= v 0.5)
   (* (/ cosTheta_O (pow v 2.0)) (/ cosTheta_i (+ -1.0 (exp (/ 1.0 v)))))
   (*
    (* (* cosTheta_i (/ cosTheta_O v)) (/ 1.0 v))
    (+
     (/ 0.009722222222222222 (pow v 3.0))
     (- (* 0.5 v) (/ 0.08333333333333333 v))))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	float tmp;
	if (v <= 0.5f) {
		tmp = (cosTheta_O / powf(v, 2.0f)) * (cosTheta_i / (-1.0f + expf((1.0f / v))));
	} else {
		tmp = ((cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) * (1.0f / v)) * ((0.009722222222222222f / powf(v, 3.0f)) + ((0.5f * v) - (0.08333333333333333f / v)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    real(4) :: tmp
    if (v <= 0.5e0) then
        tmp = (costheta_o / (v ** 2.0e0)) * (costheta_i / ((-1.0e0) + exp((1.0e0 / v))))
    else
        tmp = ((costheta_i * (costheta_o / v)) * (1.0e0 / v)) * ((0.009722222222222222e0 / (v ** 3.0e0)) + ((0.5e0 * v) - (0.08333333333333333e0 / v)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (v <= Float32(0.5))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O / (v ^ Float32(2.0))) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(-1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))));
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(cosTheta_O / v)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.009722222222222222) / (v ^ Float32(3.0))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * v) - Float32(Float32(0.08333333333333333) / v))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if (v <= single(0.5))
		tmp = (cosTheta_O / (v ^ single(2.0))) * (cosTheta_i / (single(-1.0) + exp((single(1.0) / v))));
	else
		tmp = ((cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) * (single(1.0) / v)) * ((single(0.009722222222222222) / (v ^ single(3.0))) + ((single(0.5) * v) - (single(0.08333333333333333) / v)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.5:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - \frac{0.08333333333333333}{v}\right)\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if v < 0.5

    1. Initial program 98.3%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative98.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
      2. times-frac98.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
      3. distribute-neg-frac98.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
      4. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
      5. associate-*l/98.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
      6. *-commutative98.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
      7. associate-*l/97.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    3. Simplified97.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac98.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \]
      2. rec-exp98.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
      3. distribute-neg-frac98.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
      4. metadata-eval98.3%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \]
    6. Simplified98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
    7. Taylor expanded in v around inf 72.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{1}} \]

    if 0.5 < v

    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac98.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
      2. exp-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      3. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      4. exp-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      5. distribute-neg-frac98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      6. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      8. associate-/l*98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      9. associate-/l*98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
    3. Simplified98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. div-inv99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
      2. div-inv98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. clear-num98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. Applied egg-rr98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. rec-exp99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      2. distribute-neg-frac99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. metadata-eval99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    8. Simplified99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    9. Taylor expanded in v around inf 73.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.009722222222222222 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{3}} + 0.5 \cdot v\right) - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+73.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.009722222222222222 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      2. associate-*r/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0.009722222222222222 \cdot 1}{{v}^{3}}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. metadata-eval73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.009722222222222222}}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{v \cdot 0.5} - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      5. associate-*r/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(v \cdot 0.5 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.08333333333333333 \cdot 1}{v}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      6. metadata-eval73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(v \cdot 0.5 - \frac{\color{blue}{0.08333333333333333}}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    11. Simplified73.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(v \cdot 0.5 - \frac{0.08333333333333333}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification72.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - \frac{0.08333333333333333}{v}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 3: 98.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (fabs (/ 0.5 (sinh (/ -1.0 v)))) (/ cosTheta_i (* v (/ v cosTheta_O)))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return fabsf((0.5f / sinhf((-1.0f / v)))) * (cosTheta_i / (v * (v / cosTheta_O)));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = abs((0.5e0 / sinh(((-1.0e0) / v)))) * (costheta_i / (v * (v / costheta_o)))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(abs(Float32(Float32(0.5) / sinh(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / v)))) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(v * Float32(v / cosTheta_O))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = abs((single(0.5) / sinh((single(-1.0) / v)))) * (cosTheta_i / (v * (v / cosTheta_O)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
    2. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    4. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    8. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    9. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. div-inv98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. clear-num98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. rec-exp98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. distribute-neg-frac98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  8. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. sqrt-unprod98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. inv-pow98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    4. inv-pow98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. pow-prod-up98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  10. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-2}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot -1\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. pow-sqr98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. unpow-198.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    4. unpow-198.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. rem-sqrt-square98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    6. associate-/r*98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  12. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  13. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.7%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. associate-/l*98.7%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. div-inv98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
    4. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}} \]
  14. Applied egg-rr98.4%

    \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}} \]
  15. Final simplification98.4%

    \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \]

Alternative 4: 98.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (fabs (/ 0.5 (sinh (/ -1.0 v)))) (/ (* cosTheta_i (/ cosTheta_O v)) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return fabsf((0.5f / sinhf((-1.0f / v)))) * ((cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) / v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = abs((0.5e0 / sinh(((-1.0e0) / v)))) * ((costheta_i * (costheta_o / v)) / v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(abs(Float32(Float32(0.5) / sinh(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / v)))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(cosTheta_O / v)) / v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = abs((single(0.5) / sinh((single(-1.0) / v)))) * ((cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) / v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
    2. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    4. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    8. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    9. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. div-inv98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. clear-num98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. rec-exp98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. distribute-neg-frac98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  8. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. sqrt-unprod98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. inv-pow98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    4. inv-pow98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. pow-prod-up98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  10. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-2}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot -1\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. pow-sqr98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. unpow-198.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    4. unpow-198.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. rem-sqrt-square98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    6. associate-/r*98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  12. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  13. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
  14. Applied egg-rr98.4%

    \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
  15. Final simplification98.4%

    \[\leadsto \left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]

Alternative 5: 98.3% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ 0.5 (fabs (sinh (/ -1.0 v)))) (/ cosTheta_i (/ v (/ cosTheta_O v)))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (0.5f / fabsf(sinhf((-1.0f / v)))) * (cosTheta_i / (v / (cosTheta_O / v)));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (0.5e0 / abs(sinh(((-1.0e0) / v)))) * (costheta_i / (v / (costheta_o / v)))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) / abs(sinh(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / v)))) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(v / Float32(cosTheta_O / v))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (single(0.5) / abs(sinh((single(-1.0) / v)))) * (cosTheta_i / (v / (cosTheta_O / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
    2. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    4. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    8. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    9. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. div-inv98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. clear-num98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. rec-exp98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. distribute-neg-frac98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  8. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. sqrt-unprod98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. inv-pow98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    4. inv-pow98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{-1}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. pow-prod-up98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}\right)}^{\left(-1 + -1\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  10. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-2}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot -1\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    2. pow-sqr98.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. unpow-198.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    4. unpow-198.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. rem-sqrt-square98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{1}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    6. associate-/r*98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left|\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    7. metadata-eval98.6%

      \[\leadsto \left|\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  12. Simplified98.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  13. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u98.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef52.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left|\frac{0.5}{\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right| \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} - 1} \]
    3. fabs-div52.5%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{\left|0.5\right|}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} - 1 \]
    4. metadata-eval52.5%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} - 1 \]
    5. un-div-inv52.5%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}}\right)} - 1 \]
  14. Applied egg-rr52.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}\right)} - 1} \]
  15. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
    3. associate-/l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}}} \]
  16. Simplified98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}}} \]
  17. Final simplification98.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\left|\sinh \left(\frac{-1}{v}\right)\right|} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}} \]

Alternative 6: 72.9% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\\ \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.5:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0 \cdot \frac{1}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0 \cdot \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - \frac{0.08333333333333333}{v}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* cosTheta_i (/ cosTheta_O v)) (/ 1.0 v))))
   (if (<= v 0.5)
     (* t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ -1.0 (exp (/ 1.0 v)))))
     (*
      t_0
      (+
       (/ 0.009722222222222222 (pow v 3.0))
       (- (* 0.5 v) (/ 0.08333333333333333 v)))))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	float t_0 = (cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) * (1.0f / v);
	float tmp;
	if (v <= 0.5f) {
		tmp = t_0 * (1.0f / (-1.0f + expf((1.0f / v))));
	} else {
		tmp = t_0 * ((0.009722222222222222f / powf(v, 3.0f)) + ((0.5f * v) - (0.08333333333333333f / v)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    real(4) :: t_0
    real(4) :: tmp
    t_0 = (costheta_i * (costheta_o / v)) * (1.0e0 / v)
    if (v <= 0.5e0) then
        tmp = t_0 * (1.0e0 / ((-1.0e0) + exp((1.0e0 / v))))
    else
        tmp = t_0 * ((0.009722222222222222e0 / (v ** 3.0e0)) + ((0.5e0 * v) - (0.08333333333333333e0 / v)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(cosTheta_O / v)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (v <= Float32(0.5))
		tmp = Float32(t_0 * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(-1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))));
	else
		tmp = Float32(t_0 * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.009722222222222222) / (v ^ Float32(3.0))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.5) * v) - Float32(Float32(0.08333333333333333) / v))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	t_0 = (cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) * (single(1.0) / v);
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if (v <= single(0.5))
		tmp = t_0 * (single(1.0) / (single(-1.0) + exp((single(1.0) / v))));
	else
		tmp = t_0 * ((single(0.009722222222222222) / (v ^ single(3.0))) + ((single(0.5) * v) - (single(0.08333333333333333) / v)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\\
\mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.5:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0 \cdot \frac{1}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_0 \cdot \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - \frac{0.08333333333333333}{v}\right)\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if v < 0.5

    1. Initial program 98.3%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac98.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
      2. exp-neg98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      3. *-commutative98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      4. exp-neg98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      5. distribute-neg-frac98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      6. *-commutative98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      8. associate-/l*98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      9. associate-/l*98.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
    3. Simplified98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. div-inv98.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
      2. div-inv98.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. clear-num98.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. Applied egg-rr98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. rec-exp98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      2. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. metadata-eval98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    8. Simplified98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    9. Taylor expanded in v around inf 72.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{1}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]

    if 0.5 < v

    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac98.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
      2. exp-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      3. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      4. exp-neg98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      5. distribute-neg-frac98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      6. *-commutative98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      8. associate-/l*98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      9. associate-/l*98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
    3. Simplified98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. div-inv99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
      2. div-inv98.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. clear-num98.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. Applied egg-rr98.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. rec-exp99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      2. distribute-neg-frac99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. metadata-eval99.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    8. Simplified99.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    9. Taylor expanded in v around inf 73.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.009722222222222222 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{3}} + 0.5 \cdot v\right) - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate--l+73.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(0.009722222222222222 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      2. associate-*r/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{0.009722222222222222 \cdot 1}{{v}^{3}}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. metadata-eval73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\color{blue}{0.009722222222222222}}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      4. *-commutative73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(\color{blue}{v \cdot 0.5} - 0.08333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      5. associate-*r/73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(v \cdot 0.5 - \color{blue}{\frac{0.08333333333333333 \cdot 1}{v}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      6. metadata-eval73.8%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(v \cdot 0.5 - \frac{\color{blue}{0.08333333333333333}}{v}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    11. Simplified73.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(v \cdot 0.5 - \frac{0.08333333333333333}{v}\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification72.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{0.009722222222222222}{{v}^{3}} + \left(0.5 \cdot v - \frac{0.08333333333333333}{v}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 7: 71.9% accurate, 1.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.44999998807907104:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (if (<= v 0.44999998807907104)
   (*
    (* (* cosTheta_i (/ cosTheta_O v)) (/ 1.0 v))
    (/ 1.0 (+ -1.0 (exp (/ 1.0 v)))))
   (*
    (/ cosTheta_O (+ 2.0 (/ 0.3333333333333333 (pow v 2.0))))
    (/ cosTheta_i v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	float tmp;
	if (v <= 0.44999998807907104f) {
		tmp = ((cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) * (1.0f / v)) * (1.0f / (-1.0f + expf((1.0f / v))));
	} else {
		tmp = (cosTheta_O / (2.0f + (0.3333333333333333f / powf(v, 2.0f)))) * (cosTheta_i / v);
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    real(4) :: tmp
    if (v <= 0.44999998807907104e0) then
        tmp = ((costheta_i * (costheta_o / v)) * (1.0e0 / v)) * (1.0e0 / ((-1.0e0) + exp((1.0e0 / v))))
    else
        tmp = (costheta_o / (2.0e0 + (0.3333333333333333e0 / (v ** 2.0e0)))) * (costheta_i / v)
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = Float32(0.0)
	if (v <= Float32(0.44999998807907104))
		tmp = Float32(Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(cosTheta_O / v)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(-1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)))));
	else
		tmp = Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(Float32(2.0) + Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / (v ^ Float32(2.0))))) * Float32(cosTheta_i / v));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.0);
	if (v <= single(0.44999998807907104))
		tmp = ((cosTheta_i * (cosTheta_O / v)) * (single(1.0) / v)) * (single(1.0) / (single(-1.0) + exp((single(1.0) / v))));
	else
		tmp = (cosTheta_O / (single(2.0) + (single(0.3333333333333333) / (v ^ single(2.0))))) * (cosTheta_i / v);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.44999998807907104:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if v < 0.449999988

    1. Initial program 98.2%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac98.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
      2. exp-neg98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      3. *-commutative98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      4. exp-neg98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      5. distribute-neg-frac98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      6. *-commutative98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      8. associate-/l*98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
      9. associate-/l*98.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
    3. Simplified98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. div-inv98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
      2. div-inv98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. clear-num98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    5. Applied egg-rr98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. rec-exp98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      2. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
      3. metadata-eval98.4%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    8. Simplified98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    9. Taylor expanded in v around inf 72.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{1}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]

    if 0.449999988 < v

    1. Initial program 99.0%

      \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in v around inf 70.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/70.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
      2. metadata-eval70.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \]
    4. Simplified70.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. metadata-eval70.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot -1}}{{v}^{2}}\right)} \]
      2. unpow270.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot -1}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}}\right)} \]
      3. frac-times70.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{v} \cdot \frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr70.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{v} \cdot \frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in cosTheta_O around 0 70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative70.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right) \cdot v}} \]
      2. times-frac70.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
      3. associate-*r/70.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \]
      4. metadata-eval70.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \]
    10. Simplified70.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification71.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;v \leq 0.44999998807907104:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{-1 + e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 8: 63.9% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (/ cosTheta_O v)
  (/ cosTheta_i (+ 2.0 (/ 0.3333333333333333 (pow v 2.0))))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_O / v) * (cosTheta_i / (2.0f + (0.3333333333333333f / powf(v, 2.0f))));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_o / v) * (costheta_i / (2.0e0 + (0.3333333333333333e0 / (v ** 2.0e0))))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O / v) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(Float32(2.0) + Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / (v ^ Float32(2.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_O / v) * (cosTheta_i / (single(2.0) + (single(0.3333333333333333) / (v ^ single(2.0)))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Taylor expanded in v around inf 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    2. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \]
  4. Simplified63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac63.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    2. associate-*r/63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    3. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \]
  7. Simplified63.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  8. Final simplification63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \]

Alternative 9: 63.9% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (/ cosTheta_O (+ 2.0 (/ 0.3333333333333333 (pow v 2.0))))
  (/ cosTheta_i v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_O / (2.0f + (0.3333333333333333f / powf(v, 2.0f)))) * (cosTheta_i / v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_o / (2.0e0 + (0.3333333333333333e0 / (v ** 2.0e0)))) * (costheta_i / v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(Float32(2.0) + Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / (v ^ Float32(2.0))))) * Float32(cosTheta_i / v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_O / (single(2.0) + (single(0.3333333333333333) / (v ^ single(2.0))))) * (cosTheta_i / v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Taylor expanded in v around inf 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    2. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \]
  4. Simplified63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot -1}}{{v}^{2}}\right)} \]
    2. unpow263.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot -1}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}}\right)} \]
    3. frac-times63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{v} \cdot \frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{v} \cdot \frac{-1}{v}\right)}\right)} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in cosTheta_O around 0 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{\left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right) \cdot v}} \]
    2. times-frac63.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
    3. associate-*r/63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \]
    4. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \]
  10. Simplified63.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  11. Final simplification63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \]

Alternative 10: 63.9% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, 2, \frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) (fma v 2.0 (/ 0.3333333333333333 v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / fmaf(v, 2.0f, (0.3333333333333333f / v));
}
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / fma(v, Float32(2.0), Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / v)))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, 2, \frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Taylor expanded in v around inf 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    2. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \]
  4. Simplified63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in v around 0 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot v + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{v \cdot 2} + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}} \]
    2. fma-def63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, 2, 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, 2, \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{v}}\right)} \]
    4. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, 2, \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{v}\right)} \]
  8. Simplified63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, 2, \frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}\right)}} \]
  9. Final simplification63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, 2, \frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}\right)} \]

Alternative 11: 63.9% accurate, 16.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v \cdot \left(2 + \frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}}{v}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) (* v (+ 2.0 (/ (/ 0.3333333333333333 v) v)))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / (v * (2.0f + ((0.3333333333333333f / v) / v)));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_i * costheta_o) / (v * (2.0e0 + ((0.3333333333333333e0 / v) / v)))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / Float32(v * Float32(Float32(2.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / v) / v))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / (v * (single(2.0) + ((single(0.3333333333333333) / v) / v)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v \cdot \left(2 + \frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}}{v}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Taylor expanded in v around inf 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    2. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \]
  4. Simplified63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}\right)} \]
    2. unpow263.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}}\right)} \]
    3. associate-/r*63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}}{v}}\right)} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}}{v}}\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v \cdot \left(2 + \frac{\frac{0.3333333333333333}{v}}{v}\right)} \]

Alternative 12: 63.9% accurate, 16.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v \cdot 2 + \frac{1}{v} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) (+ (* v 2.0) (* (/ 1.0 v) 0.3333333333333333))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / ((v * 2.0f) + ((1.0f / v) * 0.3333333333333333f));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_i * costheta_o) / ((v * 2.0e0) + ((1.0e0 / v) * 0.3333333333333333e0))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / Float32(Float32(v * Float32(2.0)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v) * Float32(0.3333333333333333))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / ((v * single(2.0)) + ((single(1.0) / v) * single(0.3333333333333333)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v \cdot 2 + \frac{1}{v} \cdot 0.3333333333333333}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Taylor expanded in v around inf 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \color{blue}{\frac{0.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
    2. metadata-eval63.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{2 + \frac{\color{blue}{0.3333333333333333}}{{v}^{2}}} \]
  4. Simplified63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{2 + \frac{0.3333333333333333}{{v}^{2}}}} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_i around 0 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v \cdot \left(2 + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{{v}^{2}}\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in v around 0 63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot v + 0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{v}}} \]
  7. Final simplification63.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v \cdot 2 + \frac{1}{v} \cdot 0.3333333333333333} \]

Alternative 13: 58.6% accurate, 24.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}{cosTheta_i}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 (/ (/ v cosTheta_O) cosTheta_i))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 0.5f * (1.0f / ((v / cosTheta_O) / cosTheta_i));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 0.5e0 * (1.0e0 / ((v / costheta_o) / costheta_i))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(v / cosTheta_O) / cosTheta_i)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.5) * (single(1.0) / ((v / cosTheta_O) / cosTheta_i));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}{cosTheta_i}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    2. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    3. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    4. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    5. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    7. associate-*l/98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
  3. Simplified98.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in v around inf 57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/57.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Simplified57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(cosTheta_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right)} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative57.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot cosTheta_O\right)} \]
    2. associate-/r/57.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}} \]
    3. clear-num58.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr58.0%

    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  9. Final simplification58.0%

    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}{cosTheta_i}} \]

Alternative 14: 58.1% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \cdot \left(cosTheta_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* 0.5 (* cosTheta_O (/ cosTheta_i v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 0.5f * (cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i / v));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 0.5e0 * (costheta_o * (costheta_i / v))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(cosTheta_i / v)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.5) * (cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i / v));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.5 \cdot \left(cosTheta_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    2. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    3. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    4. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    5. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    7. associate-*l/98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
  3. Simplified98.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in v around inf 57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/57.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Simplified57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \left(cosTheta_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right)} \]
  7. Final simplification57.7%

    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \left(cosTheta_O \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right) \]

Alternative 15: 58.1% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* 0.5 (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 0.5f * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 0.5e0 * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.5) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    2. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    3. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    4. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    5. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
    7. associate-*l/98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
  3. Simplified98.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in v around inf 57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  5. Final simplification57.7%

    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \]

Alternative 16: 58.1% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ cosTheta_O \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* cosTheta_O (* cosTheta_i (/ 0.5 v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i * (0.5f / v));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_o * (costheta_i * (0.5e0 / v))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(0.5) / v)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i * (single(0.5) / v));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
cosTheta_O \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
    2. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    4. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    8. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    9. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. div-inv98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. clear-num98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in v around inf 57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*57.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  8. Simplified57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in cosTheta_O around 0 57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*57.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
    2. associate-*r/57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
    3. associate-*l/57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}} \cdot cosTheta_O} \]
    4. *-commutative57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot \frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
    5. associate-/r/57.7%

      \[\leadsto cosTheta_O \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \]
  11. Simplified57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot \left(\frac{0.5}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \]
  12. Final simplification57.7%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta_O \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}\right) \]

Alternative 17: 58.1% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ cosTheta_i \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* cosTheta_i (* 0.5 (/ cosTheta_O v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return cosTheta_i * (0.5f * (cosTheta_O / v));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = costheta_i * (0.5e0 * (costheta_o / v))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(cosTheta_O / v)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = cosTheta_i * (single(0.5) * (cosTheta_O / v));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
cosTheta_i \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
    2. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    4. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    8. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    9. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. div-inv98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. clear-num98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in v around inf 57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*57.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  8. Simplified57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
    2. frac-2neg57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot cosTheta_O}{-\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
    3. distribute-neg-frac57.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-0.5 \cdot cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{\frac{-v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot cosTheta_O}{\frac{-v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r/57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-0.5 \cdot cosTheta_O}{-v} \cdot cosTheta_i} \]
    2. *-commutative57.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{-0.5 \cdot cosTheta_O}{-v}} \]
    3. distribute-lft-neg-in57.7%

      \[\leadsto cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(-0.5\right) \cdot cosTheta_O}}{-v} \]
    4. metadata-eval57.7%

      \[\leadsto cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{-0.5} \cdot cosTheta_O}{-v} \]
    5. neg-mul-157.7%

      \[\leadsto cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{-0.5 \cdot cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot v}} \]
    6. times-frac57.7%

      \[\leadsto cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-0.5}{-1} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \]
    7. metadata-eval57.7%

      \[\leadsto cosTheta_i \cdot \left(\color{blue}{0.5} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \]
  12. Simplified57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{cosTheta_i \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \]
  13. Final simplification57.7%

    \[\leadsto cosTheta_i \cdot \left(0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \]

Alternative 18: 58.6% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}{cosTheta_O}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/ 0.5 (/ (/ v cosTheta_i) cosTheta_O)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 0.5f / ((v / cosTheta_i) / cosTheta_O);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 0.5e0 / ((v / costheta_i) / costheta_o)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(0.5) / Float32(Float32(v / cosTheta_i) / cosTheta_O))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.5) / ((v / cosTheta_i) / cosTheta_O);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}{cosTheta_O}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.6%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v}} \]
    2. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    4. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    5. distribute-neg-frac98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{-\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-out98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot \left(-sinTheta_O\right)}}{v}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    8. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{v} \]
    9. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}}{v} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}}{v}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    2. div-inv98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O}}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
    3. clear-num98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{v}}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{-sinTheta_O}}}}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in v around inf 57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}{v}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*57.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  8. Simplified57.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-num58.0%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}{cosTheta_O}}} \]
    2. un-div-inv58.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}{cosTheta_O}}} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr58.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}{cosTheta_O}}} \]
  11. Final simplification58.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\frac{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i}}{cosTheta_O}} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023308 
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
  :name "HairBSDF, Mp, upper"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_i) (<= cosTheta_i 1.0)) (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_O) (<= cosTheta_O 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_i) (<= sinTheta_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_O) (<= sinTheta_O 1.0))) (< 0.1 v)) (<= v 1.5707964))
  (/ (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v)) (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))