Diagrams.Tangent:$catParam from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3, D

Percentage Accurate: 99.8% → 99.9%

Time: 8.0s

Alternatives: 6

Speedup: 1.2×

• 25.0% of points produce a very large (infinite) output. You may want to add a precondition.

Specification

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 3.0 (+ (- (* (* x 3.0) x) (* x 4.0)) 1.0)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0 * ((((x * 3.0d0) * x) - (x * 4.0d0)) + 1.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0)

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(3.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * 3.0) * x) - Float64(x * 4.0)) + 1.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(3.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[(x * 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Initial Program: 99.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (* 3.0 (+ (- (* (* x 3.0) x) (* x 4.0)) 1.0)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0 * ((((x * 3.0d0) * x) - (x * 4.0d0)) + 1.0d0)
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0)

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(3.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(x * 3.0) * x) - Float64(x * 4.0)) + 1.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0 * ((((x * 3.0) * x) - (x * 4.0)) + 1.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(3.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[(x * 3.0), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] - N[(x * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Alternative 1: 99.9% accurate, 0.1× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right), 3\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (fma x (fma x 9.0 -12.0) 3.0))

C

double code(double x) {
	return fma(x, fma(x, 9.0, -12.0), 3.0);
}

Julia

function code(x)
	return fma(x, fma(x, 9.0, -12.0), 3.0)
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(x * N[(x * 9.0 + -12.0), $MachinePrecision] + 3.0), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.9%

   \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-rgt-in 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3} \]

   2. *-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

   3. distribute-lft-out-- 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)\right)} \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

   4. associate-*l* 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right)} + 1 \cdot 3 \]

   5. metadata-eval 99.9%

      \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{3} \]

   6. fma-def 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3, 3\right)} \]

   7. *-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)}, 3\right) \]

   8. sub-neg 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3 + \left(-4\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

   9. metadata-eval 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

   10. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{4 \cdot -1}\right), 3\right) \]

   11. distribute-lft-in 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)}, 3\right) \]

   12. *-commutative 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

   13. associate-*l* 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

   14. fma-def 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot 3, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

   15. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{9}, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right), 3\right) \]

   16. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

   17. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, \color{blue}{-12}\right), 3\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right), 3\right)} \]

4. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right), 3\right) \]

Alternative 2: 98.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 0.58\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-12 + x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 + x \cdot -12\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -0.58) (not (<= x 0.58)))
   (* x (+ -12.0 (* x 9.0)))
   (+ 3.0 (* x -12.0))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.58)) {
		tmp = x * (-12.0 + (x * 9.0));
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-0.58d0)) .or. (.not. (x <= 0.58d0))) then
        tmp = x * ((-12.0d0) + (x * 9.0d0))
    else
        tmp = 3.0d0 + (x * (-12.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.58)) {
		tmp = x * (-12.0 + (x * 9.0));
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -0.58) or not (x <= 0.58):
		tmp = x * (-12.0 + (x * 9.0))
	else:
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 0.58))
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(-12.0 + Float64(x * 9.0)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(3.0 + Float64(x * -12.0));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || ~((x <= 0.58)))
		tmp = x * (-12.0 + (x * 9.0));
	else
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -0.58], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 0.58]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x * N[(-12.0 + N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(3.0 + N[(x * -12.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -0.57999999999999996 or 0.57999999999999996 < x

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. distribute-rgt-in 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3} \]

      2. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      3. distribute-lft-out-- 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)\right)} \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      4. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right)} + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      5. metadata-eval 99.7%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{3} \]

      6. fma-def 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3, 3\right)} \]

      7. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)}, 3\right) \]

      8. sub-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3 + \left(-4\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

      9. metadata-eval 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

      10. metadata-eval 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{4 \cdot -1}\right), 3\right) \]

      11. distribute-lft-in 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)}, 3\right) \]

      12. *-commutative 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

      13. associate-*l* 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

      14. fma-def 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot 3, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

      15. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{9}, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right), 3\right) \]

      16. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

      17. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, \color{blue}{-12}\right), 3\right) \]

   3. Simplified 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right), 3\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. fma-udef 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right) + 3} \]

      2. +-commutative 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right)} \]

      3. fma-udef 99.8%

         \[\leadsto 3 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9 + -12\right)} \]

      4. distribute-rgt-in 99.8%

         \[\leadsto 3 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x + -12 \cdot x\right)} \]

      5. associate-+r+ 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      3. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{\left(9 \cdot x\right)} \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      4. associate-*r* 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(9 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      5. unpow2 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left(9 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      6. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      7. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      8. associate-*r* 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot 9\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      9. unpow2 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      10. swap-sqr 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      11. pow-sqr 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{{x}^{\left(2 \cdot 2\right)}} \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      12. metadata-eval 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{{x}^{\color{blue}{4}} \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      13. metadata-eval 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{{x}^{4} \cdot \color{blue}{81}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 76.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{{x}^{4} \cdot 81}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

   8. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-12 \cdot x + 9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{9 \cdot {x}^{2} + -12 \cdot x} \]

      2. *-commutative 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} + -12 \cdot x \]

      3. unpow2 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 + -12 \cdot x \]

      4. metadata-eval 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      5. swap-sqr 98.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      6. associate-*l* 98.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      7. *-commutative 98.8%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)\right) + \color{blue}{x \cdot -12} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out 98.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + -12\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 98.8%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot x\right)} + -12\right) \]

      10. associate-*r* 98.9%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right) \cdot x} + -12\right) \]

      11. metadata-eval 98.9%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{9} \cdot x + -12\right) \]

   10. Simplified 98.9%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(9 \cdot x + -12\right)} \]

   if -0.57999999999999996 < x < 0.57999999999999996

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-+l- 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right)} - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right) - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right)} \]

   4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + -12 \cdot x} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 99.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 0.58\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(-12 + x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 + x \cdot -12\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 3: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(3 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\right) + x \cdot -12 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (+ (+ 3.0 (* x (* x 9.0))) (* x -12.0)))

C

double code(double x) {
	return (3.0 + (x * (x * 9.0))) + (x * -12.0);
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = (3.0d0 + (x * (x * 9.0d0))) + (x * (-12.0d0))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return (3.0 + (x * (x * 9.0))) + (x * -12.0);
}

Python

def code(x):
	return (3.0 + (x * (x * 9.0))) + (x * -12.0)

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(Float64(3.0 + Float64(x * Float64(x * 9.0))) + Float64(x * -12.0))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = (3.0 + (x * (x * 9.0))) + (x * -12.0);
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(N[(3.0 + N[(x * N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(x * -12.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.9%

   \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. distribute-rgt-in 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3} \]

   2. *-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

   3. distribute-lft-out-- 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)\right)} \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

   4. associate-*l* 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right)} + 1 \cdot 3 \]

   5. metadata-eval 99.9%

      \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{3} \]

   6. fma-def 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3, 3\right)} \]

   7. *-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)}, 3\right) \]

   8. sub-neg 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3 + \left(-4\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

   9. metadata-eval 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

   10. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{4 \cdot -1}\right), 3\right) \]

   11. distribute-lft-in 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)}, 3\right) \]

   12. *-commutative 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

   13. associate-*l* 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

   14. fma-def 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot 3, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

   15. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{9}, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right), 3\right) \]

   16. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

   17. metadata-eval 99.9%

       \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, \color{blue}{-12}\right), 3\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right), 3\right)} \]
4. Step-by-step derivation

   1. fma-udef 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right) + 3} \]

   2. +-commutative 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right)} \]

   3. fma-udef 99.9%

      \[\leadsto 3 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9 + -12\right)} \]

   4. distribute-rgt-in 99.9%

      \[\leadsto 3 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x + -12 \cdot x\right)} \]

   5. associate-+r+ 99.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]

5. Applied egg-rr 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]

6. Final simplification 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \left(3 + x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\right) + x \cdot -12 \]

Alternative 4: 97.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.68\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -0.58) (not (<= x 1.68))) (* x (* x 9.0)) 3.0))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 1.68)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-0.58d0)) .or. (.not. (x <= 1.68d0))) then
        tmp = x * (x * 9.0d0)
    else
        tmp = 3.0d0
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 1.68)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -0.58) or not (x <= 1.68):
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0)
	else:
		tmp = 3.0
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -0.58) || !(x <= 1.68))
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(x * 9.0));
	else
		tmp = 3.0;
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -0.58) || ~((x <= 1.68)))
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	else
		tmp = 3.0;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -0.58], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.68]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x * N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 3.0]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -0.57999999999999996 or 1.67999999999999994 < x

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. distribute-rgt-in 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3} \]

      2. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      3. distribute-lft-out-- 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)\right)} \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      4. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right)} + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      5. metadata-eval 99.7%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{3} \]

      6. fma-def 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3, 3\right)} \]

      7. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)}, 3\right) \]

      8. sub-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3 + \left(-4\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

      9. metadata-eval 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

      10. metadata-eval 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{4 \cdot -1}\right), 3\right) \]

      11. distribute-lft-in 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)}, 3\right) \]

      12. *-commutative 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

      13. associate-*l* 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

      14. fma-def 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot 3, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

      15. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{9}, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right), 3\right) \]

      16. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

      17. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, \color{blue}{-12}\right), 3\right) \]

   3. Simplified 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right), 3\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. fma-udef 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right) + 3} \]

      2. +-commutative 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right)} \]

      3. fma-udef 99.8%

         \[\leadsto 3 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9 + -12\right)} \]

      4. distribute-rgt-in 99.8%

         \[\leadsto 3 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x + -12 \cdot x\right)} \]

      5. associate-+r+ 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      3. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{\left(9 \cdot x\right)} \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      4. associate-*r* 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(9 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      5. unpow2 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left(9 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      6. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      7. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      8. associate-*r* 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot 9\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      9. unpow2 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      10. swap-sqr 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      11. pow-sqr 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{{x}^{\left(2 \cdot 2\right)}} \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      12. metadata-eval 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{{x}^{\color{blue}{4}} \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      13. metadata-eval 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{{x}^{4} \cdot \color{blue}{81}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 76.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{{x}^{4} \cdot 81}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

   8. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-12 \cdot x + 9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{9 \cdot {x}^{2} + -12 \cdot x} \]

      2. *-commutative 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} + -12 \cdot x \]

      3. unpow2 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 + -12 \cdot x \]

      4. metadata-eval 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      5. swap-sqr 98.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      6. associate-*l* 98.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      7. *-commutative 98.8%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)\right) + \color{blue}{x \cdot -12} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out 98.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + -12\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 98.8%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot x\right)} + -12\right) \]

      10. associate-*r* 98.9%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right) \cdot x} + -12\right) \]

      11. metadata-eval 98.9%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{9} \cdot x + -12\right) \]

   10. Simplified 98.9%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(9 \cdot x + -12\right)} \]

   11. Taylor expanded in x around inf 97.5%

       \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(9 \cdot x\right)} \]
   12. Step-by-step derivation

       1. *-commutative 97.5%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right)} \]

   13. Simplified 97.5%

       \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right)} \]

   if -0.57999999999999996 < x < 1.67999999999999994

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-+l- 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right)} - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right) - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right)} \]

   4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 98.2%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1.68\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 5: 98.3% accurate, 1.4× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.55 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 + x \cdot -12\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= x -1.55) (not (<= x 1.0))) (* x (* x 9.0)) (+ 3.0 (* x -12.0))))

C

double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((x <= (-1.55d0)) .or. (.not. (x <= 1.0d0))) then
        tmp = x * (x * 9.0d0)
    else
        tmp = 3.0d0 + (x * (-12.0d0))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	double tmp;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0)) {
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	} else {
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(x):
	tmp = 0
	if (x <= -1.55) or not (x <= 1.0):
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0)
	else:
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0)
	return tmp

Julia

function code(x)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((x <= -1.55) || !(x <= 1.0))
		tmp = Float64(x * Float64(x * 9.0));
	else
		tmp = Float64(3.0 + Float64(x * -12.0));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp_2 = code(x)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((x <= -1.55) || ~((x <= 1.0)))
		tmp = x * (x * 9.0);
	else
		tmp = 3.0 + (x * -12.0);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := If[Or[LessEqual[x, -1.55], N[Not[LessEqual[x, 1.0]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(x * N[(x * 9.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(3.0 + N[(x * -12.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 2 regimes

2. if x < -1.55000000000000004 or 1 < x

   1. Initial program 99.7%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. distribute-rgt-in 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3} \]

      2. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} - x \cdot 4\right) \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      3. distribute-lft-out-- 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)\right)} \cdot 3 + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      4. associate-*l* 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right)} + 1 \cdot 3 \]

      5. metadata-eval 99.7%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3\right) + \color{blue}{3} \]

      6. fma-def 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right) \cdot 3, 3\right)} \]

      7. *-commutative 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 - 4\right)}, 3\right) \]

      8. sub-neg 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3 + \left(-4\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

      9. metadata-eval 99.7%

         \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

      10. metadata-eval 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3 + \color{blue}{4 \cdot -1}\right), 3\right) \]

      11. distribute-lft-in 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)}, 3\right) \]

      12. *-commutative 99.7%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot 3} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

      13. associate-*l* 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right), 3\right) \]

      14. fma-def 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, 3 \cdot 3, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right)}, 3\right) \]

      15. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \color{blue}{9}, 3 \cdot \left(4 \cdot -1\right)\right), 3\right) \]

      16. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, 3 \cdot \color{blue}{-4}\right), 3\right) \]

      17. metadata-eval 99.8%

          \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, \color{blue}{-12}\right), 3\right) \]

   3. Simplified 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right), 3\right)} \]
   4. Step-by-step derivation

      1. fma-udef 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right) + 3} \]

      2. +-commutative 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + x \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(x, 9, -12\right)} \]

      3. fma-udef 99.8%

         \[\leadsto 3 + x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9 + -12\right)} \]

      4. distribute-rgt-in 99.8%

         \[\leadsto 3 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x + -12 \cdot x\right)} \]

      5. associate-+r+ 99.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]

   5. Applied egg-rr 99.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(3 + \left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) + -12 \cdot x} \]
   6. Step-by-step derivation

      1. add-sqr-sqrt 99.5%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x} \cdot \sqrt{\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      2. sqrt-unprod 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      3. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left(\color{blue}{\left(9 \cdot x\right)} \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      4. associate-*r* 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(9 \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      5. unpow2 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left(9 \cdot \color{blue}{{x}^{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      6. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right)} \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot 9\right) \cdot x\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      7. *-commutative 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      8. associate-*r* 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot 9\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      9. unpow2 76.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\left({x}^{2} \cdot 9\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{{x}^{2}} \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      10. swap-sqr 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left({x}^{2} \cdot {x}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      11. pow-sqr 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{\color{blue}{{x}^{\left(2 \cdot 2\right)}} \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      12. metadata-eval 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{{x}^{\color{blue}{4}} \cdot \left(9 \cdot 9\right)}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

      13. metadata-eval 76.9%

          \[\leadsto \left(3 + \sqrt{{x}^{4} \cdot \color{blue}{81}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

   7. Applied egg-rr 76.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(3 + \color{blue}{\sqrt{{x}^{4} \cdot 81}}\right) + -12 \cdot x \]

   8. Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-12 \cdot x + 9 \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
   9. Step-by-step derivation

      1. +-commutative 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{9 \cdot {x}^{2} + -12 \cdot x} \]

      2. *-commutative 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{x}^{2} \cdot 9} + -12 \cdot x \]

      3. unpow2 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot 9 + -12 \cdot x \]

      4. metadata-eval 98.9%

         \[\leadsto \left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      5. swap-sqr 98.6%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      6. associate-*l* 98.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)\right)} + -12 \cdot x \]

      7. *-commutative 98.8%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right)\right) + \color{blue}{x \cdot -12} \]

      8. distribute-lft-out 98.8%

         \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \left(x \cdot 3\right) + -12\right)} \]

      9. *-commutative 98.8%

         \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot x\right)} + -12\right) \]

      10. associate-*r* 98.9%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(3 \cdot 3\right) \cdot x} + -12\right) \]

      11. metadata-eval 98.9%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \left(\color{blue}{9} \cdot x + -12\right) \]

   10. Simplified 98.9%

       \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(9 \cdot x + -12\right)} \]

   11. Taylor expanded in x around inf 97.5%

       \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(9 \cdot x\right)} \]
   12. Step-by-step derivation

       1. *-commutative 97.5%

          \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right)} \]

   13. Simplified 97.5%

       \[\leadsto x \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot 9\right)} \]

   if -1.55000000000000004 < x < 1

   1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
   2. Step-by-step derivation

      1. associate-+l- 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right)} \]

      2. associate-*l* 100.0%

         \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right)} - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right) \]

   3. Simplified 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right) - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right)} \]

   4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 + -12 \cdot x} \]
3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 98.5%

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \leq -1.55 \lor \neg \left(x \leq 1\right):\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot 9\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;3 + x \cdot -12\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 6: 50.8% accurate, 13.0× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 3.0)

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0;
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0

Julia

function code(x)
	return 3.0
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0;
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := 3.0

Derivation

1. Initial program 99.9%

   \[3 \cdot \left(\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - x \cdot 4\right) + 1\right) \]
2. Step-by-step derivation

   1. associate-+l- 99.9%

      \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot 3\right) \cdot x - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right)} \]

   2. associate-*l* 99.9%

      \[\leadsto 3 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right)} - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right) \]

3. Simplified 99.9%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(3 \cdot x\right) - \left(x \cdot 4 - 1\right)\right)} \]

4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 52.7%

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{3} \]

5. Final simplification 52.7%

   \[\leadsto 3 \]

Developer target: 99.8% accurate, 1.2× speedup

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 3 + \left(\left(9 \cdot x\right) \cdot x - 12 \cdot x\right) \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (x) :precision binary64 (+ 3.0 (- (* (* 9.0 x) x) (* 12.0 x))))

C

double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 + (((9.0 * x) * x) - (12.0 * x));
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(x)
    real(8), intent (in) :: x
    code = 3.0d0 + (((9.0d0 * x) * x) - (12.0d0 * x))
end function

Java

public static double code(double x) {
	return 3.0 + (((9.0 * x) * x) - (12.0 * x));
}

Python

def code(x):
	return 3.0 + (((9.0 * x) * x) - (12.0 * x))

Julia

function code(x)
	return Float64(3.0 + Float64(Float64(Float64(9.0 * x) * x) - Float64(12.0 * x)))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(x)
	tmp = 3.0 + (((9.0 * x) * x) - (12.0 * x));
end

Wolfram

code[x_] := N[(3.0 + N[(N[(N[(9.0 * x), $MachinePrecision] * x), $MachinePrecision] - N[(12.0 * x), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2023301 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "Diagrams.Tangent:$catParam from diagrams-lib-1.3.0.3, D"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (+ 3.0 (- (* (* 9.0 x) x) (* 12.0 x)))

  (* 3.0 (+ (- (* (* x 3.0) x) (* x 4.0)) 1.0)))