
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0d0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0d0 * a)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b + Math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (-b + math.sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(Float64(3.0 * a) * c)))) / Float64(3.0 * a)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (-b + sqrt(((b * b) - ((3.0 * a) * c)))) / (3.0 * a); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision] * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(3.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(3 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{3 \cdot a}
\end{array}
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* (* a (* c -3.0)) (/ (/ 1.0 (+ b (sqrt (fma a (* c -3.0) (* b b))))) (* a 3.0))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (a * (c * -3.0)) * ((1.0 / (b + sqrt(fma(a, (c * -3.0), (b * b))))) / (a * 3.0));
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(a * Float64(c * -3.0)) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(b + sqrt(fma(a, Float64(c * -3.0), Float64(b * b))))) / Float64(a * 3.0))) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(a * N[(c * -3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / N[(b + N[Sqrt[N[(a * N[(c * -3.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(a \cdot \left(c \cdot -3\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -3, b \cdot b\right)}}}{a \cdot 3}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.2%
Applied egg-rr33.9%
Taylor expanded in b around 0 98.8%
fma-def98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
unpow298.9%
unpow298.9%
unpow298.9%
unswap-sqr98.9%
unpow298.9%
Simplified98.9%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.0%
*-commutative99.0%
associate-*r*99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* (/ (/ 1.0 (+ b (sqrt (fma a (* c -3.0) (* b b))))) (* a 3.0)) (* -3.0 (* a c))))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return ((1.0 / (b + sqrt(fma(a, (c * -3.0), (b * b))))) / (a * 3.0)) * (-3.0 * (a * c));
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(b + sqrt(fma(a, Float64(c * -3.0), Float64(b * b))))) / Float64(a * 3.0)) * Float64(-3.0 * Float64(a * c))) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(N[(1.0 / N[(b + N[Sqrt[N[(a * N[(c * -3.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * 3.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-3.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{1}{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -3, b \cdot b\right)}}}{a \cdot 3} \cdot \left(-3 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 32.2%
Applied egg-rr33.9%
Taylor expanded in b around 0 98.8%
fma-def98.9%
*-commutative98.9%
unpow298.9%
unpow298.9%
unpow298.9%
unswap-sqr98.9%
unpow298.9%
Simplified98.9%
Applied egg-rr99.0%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(/
(/
1.0
(-
(+ (* -0.6666666666666666 (/ b (* a c))) (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 b)))
(/ (+ (* (* a c) -0.75) (* (* a c) 0.375)) (pow b 3.0))))
(/ a 0.3333333333333333)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (1.0 / (((-0.6666666666666666 * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5 * (1.0 / b))) - ((((a * c) * -0.75) + ((a * c) * 0.375)) / pow(b, 3.0)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (1.0d0 / ((((-0.6666666666666666d0) * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5d0 * (1.0d0 / b))) - ((((a * c) * (-0.75d0)) + ((a * c) * 0.375d0)) / (b ** 3.0d0)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333d0)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (1.0 / (((-0.6666666666666666 * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5 * (1.0 / b))) - ((((a * c) * -0.75) + ((a * c) * 0.375)) / Math.pow(b, 3.0)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (1.0 / (((-0.6666666666666666 * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5 * (1.0 / b))) - ((((a * c) * -0.75) + ((a * c) * 0.375)) / math.pow(b, 3.0)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(-0.6666666666666666 * Float64(b / Float64(a * c))) + Float64(0.5 * Float64(1.0 / b))) - Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(a * c) * -0.75) + Float64(Float64(a * c) * 0.375)) / (b ^ 3.0)))) / Float64(a / 0.3333333333333333)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (1.0 / (((-0.6666666666666666 * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5 * (1.0 / b))) - ((((a * c) * -0.75) + ((a * c) * 0.375)) / (b ^ 3.0)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[(N[(N[(-0.6666666666666666 * N[(b / N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.5 * N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * -0.75), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision] * 0.375), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[b, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a / 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{1}{\left(-0.6666666666666666 \cdot \frac{b}{a \cdot c} + 0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{b}\right) - \frac{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -0.75 + \left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot 0.375}{{b}^{3}}}}{\frac{a}{0.3333333333333333}}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.2%
neg-sub032.2%
sqr-neg32.2%
associate-+l-32.2%
sub0-neg32.2%
Simplified32.3%
/-rgt-identity32.3%
clear-num32.2%
associate-*r*32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
metadata-eval32.2%
distribute-lft-neg-in32.2%
associate-*l*32.2%
distribute-lft-neg-in32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
distribute-rgt-neg-in32.2%
metadata-eval32.2%
Applied egg-rr32.2%
Applied egg-rr32.2%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 94.5%
Final simplification94.5%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (/ 1.0 (fma -0.6666666666666666 (/ b (* a c)) (/ 0.5 b))) (/ a 0.3333333333333333)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (1.0 / fma(-0.6666666666666666, (b / (a * c)), (0.5 / b))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333);
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(1.0 / fma(-0.6666666666666666, Float64(b / Float64(a * c)), Float64(0.5 / b))) / Float64(a / 0.3333333333333333)) end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[(-0.6666666666666666 * N[(b / N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a / 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.6666666666666666, \frac{b}{a \cdot c}, \frac{0.5}{b}\right)}}{\frac{a}{0.3333333333333333}}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.2%
neg-sub032.2%
sqr-neg32.2%
associate-+l-32.2%
sub0-neg32.2%
Simplified32.3%
/-rgt-identity32.3%
clear-num32.2%
associate-*r*32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
metadata-eval32.2%
distribute-lft-neg-in32.2%
associate-*l*32.2%
distribute-lft-neg-in32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
distribute-rgt-neg-in32.2%
metadata-eval32.2%
Applied egg-rr32.2%
Applied egg-rr32.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 91.3%
fma-def91.3%
associate-*r/91.3%
metadata-eval91.3%
Simplified91.3%
Final simplification91.3%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (/ 1.0 (+ (* -0.6666666666666666 (/ b (* a c))) (* 0.5 (/ 1.0 b)))) (/ a 0.3333333333333333)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (1.0 / ((-0.6666666666666666 * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5 * (1.0 / b)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (1.0d0 / (((-0.6666666666666666d0) * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5d0 * (1.0d0 / b)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333d0)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (1.0 / ((-0.6666666666666666 * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5 * (1.0 / b)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333);
}
def code(a, b, c): return (1.0 / ((-0.6666666666666666 * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5 * (1.0 / b)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(-0.6666666666666666 * Float64(b / Float64(a * c))) + Float64(0.5 * Float64(1.0 / b)))) / Float64(a / 0.3333333333333333)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = (1.0 / ((-0.6666666666666666 * (b / (a * c))) + (0.5 * (1.0 / b)))) / (a / 0.3333333333333333); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[(N[(-0.6666666666666666 * N[(b / N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.5 * N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a / 0.3333333333333333), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{1}{-0.6666666666666666 \cdot \frac{b}{a \cdot c} + 0.5 \cdot \frac{1}{b}}}{\frac{a}{0.3333333333333333}}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.2%
neg-sub032.2%
sqr-neg32.2%
associate-+l-32.2%
sub0-neg32.2%
Simplified32.3%
/-rgt-identity32.3%
clear-num32.2%
associate-*r*32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
metadata-eval32.2%
distribute-lft-neg-in32.2%
associate-*l*32.2%
distribute-lft-neg-in32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
*-commutative32.2%
distribute-rgt-neg-in32.2%
metadata-eval32.2%
Applied egg-rr32.2%
Applied egg-rr32.2%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 91.3%
Final simplification91.3%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (* -0.5 (/ c b)))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return -0.5 * (c / b);
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = (-0.5d0) * (c / b)
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return -0.5 * (c / b);
}
def code(a, b, c): return -0.5 * (c / b)
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(-0.5 * Float64(c / b)) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = -0.5 * (c / b); end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(-0.5 * N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.2%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 80.6%
Final simplification80.6%
(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ 0.0 a))
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0 / a;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, c)
real(8), intent (in) :: a
real(8), intent (in) :: b
real(8), intent (in) :: c
code = 0.0d0 / a
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return 0.0 / a;
}
def code(a, b, c): return 0.0 / a
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(0.0 / a) end
function tmp = code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 / a; end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(0.0 / a), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0}{a}
\end{array}
Initial program 32.2%
Applied egg-rr31.6%
*-commutative31.6%
fma-def31.7%
+-commutative31.7%
*-commutative31.7%
*-commutative31.7%
associate-*r*31.7%
*-commutative31.7%
associate-*r*31.7%
fma-udef31.7%
*-commutative31.7%
Simplified31.7%
cancel-sign-sub-inv31.7%
+-commutative31.7%
*-commutative31.7%
associate-*r*31.9%
fma-def33.1%
*-commutative33.1%
associate-*l*33.4%
Applied egg-rr33.4%
Taylor expanded in a around 0 3.2%
associate-*r/3.2%
distribute-rgt-out3.2%
metadata-eval3.2%
mul0-rgt3.2%
metadata-eval3.2%
Simplified3.2%
Final simplification3.2%
herbie shell --seed 2023297
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "Cubic critical, medium range"
:precision binary64
:pre (and (and (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 a) (< a 9007199254740992.0)) (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 b) (< b 9007199254740992.0))) (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 c) (< c 9007199254740992.0)))
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 3.0 a) c)))) (* 3.0 a)))