
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 14 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (pow E (/ PI s))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + powf(((float) M_E), (((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + (Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ (single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + {e}^{\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
*-un-lft-identity98.7%
exp-prod98.7%
exp-1-e98.7%
Applied egg-rr98.7%
Final simplification98.7%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Final simplification98.7%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI (- s)))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s)))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / -s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / Float32(-s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / -s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 84.7%
+-commutative36.0%
Simplified84.7%
Final simplification84.7%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (pow E (/ PI s)))) (/ u 2.0))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / (((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + powf(((float) M_E), (((float) M_PI) / s)))) + (u / 2.0f)))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + (Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) + Float32(u / Float32(2.0)))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / (((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ (single(pi) / s)))) + (u / single(2.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{1 - u}{1 + {e}^{\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)}} + \frac{u}{2}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Applied egg-rr6.8%
neg-sub06.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in6.8%
+-commutative6.8%
Simplified6.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 38.2%
*-un-lft-identity98.7%
exp-prod98.7%
exp-1-e98.7%
Applied egg-rr38.2%
Final simplification38.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))) (* u 0.5))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / (((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))) + (u * 0.5f)))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) + Float32(u * Float32(0.5)))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / (((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))) + (u * single(0.5)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}} + u \cdot 0.5}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Applied egg-rr6.8%
neg-sub06.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in6.8%
+-commutative6.8%
Simplified6.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 38.2%
distribute-rgt-neg-out38.2%
div-inv38.2%
metadata-eval38.2%
metadata-eval38.2%
Applied egg-rr38.2%
Final simplification38.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (+ -1.0 (/ (/ 1.0 u) (+ 0.5 (/ -1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + ((1.0f / u) / (0.5f + (-1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / u) / Float32(Float32(0.5) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + ((single(1.0) / u) / (single(0.5) + (single(-1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{\frac{1}{u}}{0.5 + \frac{-1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Applied egg-rr6.8%
neg-sub06.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in6.8%
+-commutative6.8%
Simplified6.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 38.2%
*-un-lft-identity98.7%
exp-prod98.7%
exp-1-e98.7%
Applied egg-rr38.2%
Taylor expanded in u around inf 37.1%
sub-neg37.1%
associate-/r*37.1%
log-E37.1%
*-commutative37.1%
*-lft-identity37.1%
metadata-eval37.1%
Simplified37.1%
Final simplification37.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s)))) (/ u 2.0)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / (((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s)))) + (u / 2.0f)))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) + Float32(u / Float32(2.0))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / (((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + (single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s)))) + (u / single(2.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{1 - u}{1 + \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)} + \frac{u}{2}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Applied egg-rr6.8%
neg-sub06.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in6.8%
+-commutative6.8%
Simplified6.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 38.2%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 36.0%
+-commutative36.0%
Simplified36.0%
Final simplification36.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ 1.0 (* 4.0 (/ (* PI (+ (* u -0.25) 0.25)) s))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((1.0f + (4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * ((u * -0.25f) + 0.25f)) / s))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(0.25))) / s))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(1.0) + (single(4.0) * ((single(pi) * ((u * single(-0.25)) + single(0.25))) / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(1 + 4 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot -0.25 + 0.25\right)}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Applied egg-rr6.8%
neg-sub06.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in6.8%
+-commutative6.8%
Simplified6.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 38.2%
*-un-lft-identity98.7%
exp-prod98.7%
exp-1-e98.7%
Applied egg-rr38.2%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 25.4%
cancel-sign-sub-inv25.4%
metadata-eval25.4%
log-E25.4%
associate-*r*25.4%
*-rgt-identity25.4%
associate-*r*25.4%
log-E25.4%
associate-*r*25.4%
*-rgt-identity25.4%
distribute-rgt-out25.4%
Simplified25.4%
Final simplification25.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (* -4.0 (- (* u (- -0.5)) (/ u (- 2.0 (/ PI s)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (-4.0f * ((u * -(-0.5f)) - (u / (2.0f - (((float) M_PI) / s)))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(-Float32(-0.5))) - Float32(u / Float32(Float32(2.0) - Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (single(-4.0) * ((u * -single(-0.5)) - (u / (single(2.0) - (single(pi) / s))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \left(u \cdot \left(--0.5\right) - \frac{u}{2 - \frac{\pi}{s}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 15.4%
mul-1-neg15.4%
unsub-neg15.4%
Simplified15.4%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 16.1%
sub-neg16.1%
metadata-eval16.1%
distribute-lft-in16.1%
associate-*r/16.1%
*-rgt-identity16.1%
Simplified16.1%
Final simplification16.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (* -4.0 (* u (- 0.5 (/ 1.0 (- 2.0 (/ PI s))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (-4.0f * (u * (0.5f - (1.0f / (2.0f - (((float) M_PI) / s))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(u * Float32(Float32(0.5) - Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(2.0) - Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (single(-4.0) * (u * (single(0.5) - (single(1.0) / (single(2.0) - (single(pi) / s)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \left(u \cdot \left(0.5 - \frac{1}{2 - \frac{\pi}{s}}\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 15.4%
mul-1-neg15.4%
unsub-neg15.4%
Simplified15.4%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 16.1%
Final simplification16.1%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (+ -1.0 (/ 2.0 (- 1.0 u)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (2.0f / (1.0f - u))));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = s * -log(((-1.0e0) + (2.0e0 / (1.0e0 - u))))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(2.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) - u)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(2.0) / (single(1.0) - u)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{2}{1 - u}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 8.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 15.4%
mul-1-neg15.4%
unsub-neg15.4%
Simplified15.4%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 15.4%
sub-neg15.4%
associate-*r/15.4%
metadata-eval15.4%
metadata-eval15.4%
Simplified15.4%
Final simplification15.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -4.0 (* PI (+ 0.25 (* u -0.5)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * (0.25f + (u * -0.5f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(0.25) + Float32(u * Float32(-0.5))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-4.0) * (single(pi) * (single(0.25) + (u * single(-0.5)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(0.25 + u \cdot -0.5\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 12.5%
associate--r+12.5%
cancel-sign-sub-inv12.5%
associate-*r*12.5%
distribute-rgt-out--12.5%
*-commutative12.5%
metadata-eval12.5%
*-commutative12.5%
*-commutative12.5%
associate-*l*12.5%
Simplified12.5%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 12.5%
+-commutative12.5%
associate-*r*12.5%
distribute-rgt-out12.5%
*-commutative12.5%
Simplified12.5%
Final simplification12.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (/ -1.0 (/ s PI))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (-1.0f / (s / ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(-1.0) / Float32(s / Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (single(-1.0) / (s / single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{s}{\pi}}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Applied egg-rr6.8%
neg-sub06.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in6.8%
+-commutative6.8%
Simplified6.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 12.3%
expm1-log1p-u12.3%
Applied egg-rr12.3%
expm1-log1p-u12.3%
clear-num12.3%
Applied egg-rr12.3%
Final simplification12.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.7%
Simplified98.7%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 12.3%
neg-mul-112.3%
Simplified12.3%
Final simplification12.3%
herbie shell --seed 2023293
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))