
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 10 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 0.125 (* s PI))))
(fma
t_0
(/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r)
(* t_0 (/ (pow (exp -0.6666666666666666) (/ (/ r s) 2.0)) r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
float t_0 = 0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI));
return fmaf(t_0, (expf((-r / s)) / r), (t_0 * (powf(expf(-0.6666666666666666f), ((r / s) / 2.0f)) / r)));
}
function code(s, r) t_0 = Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) return fma(t_0, Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / r), Float32(t_0 * Float32((exp(Float32(-0.6666666666666666)) ^ Float32(Float32(r / s) / Float32(2.0))) / r))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi}\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(t_0, \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r}, t_0 \cdot \frac{{\left(e^{-0.6666666666666666}\right)}^{\left(\frac{\frac{r}{s}}{2}\right)}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
times-frac99.5%
fma-def99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
associate-/r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
times-frac99.6%
associate-*l*99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Simplified99.5%
pow-exp99.3%
sqr-pow99.3%
pow-prod-down99.3%
prod-exp99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Applied egg-rr99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* (exp (/ (- r) s)) 0.25) (* 2.0 (* s (* PI r)))) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (* r (/ -0.3333333333333333 s)))) (* s (* PI (* r 6.0))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((expf((-r / s)) * 0.25f) / (2.0f * (s * (((float) M_PI) * r)))) + ((0.75f * expf((r * (-0.3333333333333333f / s)))) / (s * (((float) M_PI) * (r * 6.0f))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) * Float32(0.25)) / Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(r * Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / s)))) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(r * Float32(6.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((exp((-r / s)) * single(0.25)) / (single(2.0) * (s * (single(pi) * r)))) + ((single(0.75) * exp((r * (single(-0.3333333333333333) / s)))) / (s * (single(pi) * (r * single(6.0))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}} \cdot 0.25}{2 \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{r \cdot \frac{-0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(r \cdot 6\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
rem-log-exp99.5%
log-pow99.5%
associate-*l*99.6%
log-pow99.6%
rem-log-exp99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*r*99.6%
associate-*l*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
times-frac99.5%
neg-mul-199.5%
*-commutative99.5%
*-rgt-identity99.5%
associate-*r/99.5%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.5%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
distribute-neg-frac99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
metadata-eval99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
associate-*l*99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (exp (/ (* r -0.3333333333333333) s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + (expf(((r * -0.3333333333333333f) / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(r * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + (exp(((r * single(-0.3333333333333333)) / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
add-sqr-sqrt99.1%
sqrt-unprod99.3%
prod-exp99.4%
metadata-eval99.4%
Applied egg-rr99.4%
distribute-lft-in99.4%
pow1/299.4%
pow-exp99.2%
metadata-eval99.2%
Applied egg-rr99.2%
distribute-lft-in99.3%
associate-/l/99.3%
exp-prod99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-*l/99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (log1p (expm1 (* (* s PI) r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / log1pf(expm1f(((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 7.9%
log1p-expm1-u10.8%
Applied egg-rr10.8%
Final simplification10.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ (/ 0.125 PI) s) (+ (/ (exp (/ r (- s))) r) (/ (+ 1.0 (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / ((float) M_PI)) / s) * ((expf((r / -s)) / r) + ((1.0f + ((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(pi)) / s) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(r / Float32(-s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / single(pi)) / s) * ((exp((r / -s)) / r) + ((single(1.0) + ((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi}}{s} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{r}{-s}}}{r} + \frac{1 + \frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ -0.125 r) (/ (- -1.0 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (-0.125f / r) * ((-1.0f - expf((-r / s))) / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.125) / r) * Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) - exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(-0.125) / r) * ((single(-1.0) - exp((-r / s))) / (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{-0.125}{r} \cdot \frac{-1 - e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
associate-/l/8.3%
metadata-eval8.3%
*-commutative8.3%
associate-/r*8.3%
div-inv8.3%
Applied egg-rr8.3%
Taylor expanded in r around -inf 8.3%
associate-*r/8.3%
times-frac8.3%
sub-neg8.3%
metadata-eval8.3%
+-commutative8.3%
mul-1-neg8.3%
unsub-neg8.3%
associate-*r/8.3%
mul-1-neg8.3%
Simplified8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ -0.125 (* s PI)) (/ (- -1.0 (exp (/ (- r) s))) r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (-0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((-1.0f - expf((-r / s))) / r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) - exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(-0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((single(-1.0) - exp((-r / s))) / r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{-0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{-1 - e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
Taylor expanded in r around -inf 8.3%
associate-*r/8.3%
*-commutative8.3%
times-frac8.3%
sub-neg8.3%
metadata-eval8.3%
+-commutative8.3%
mul-1-neg8.3%
unsub-neg8.3%
associate-*r/8.3%
neg-mul-18.3%
Simplified8.3%
Final simplification8.3%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.25 r) (/ 1.0 (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / r) * (1.0f / (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / r) * (single(1.0) / (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 7.9%
associate-/r*7.9%
Simplified7.9%
div-inv7.9%
Applied egg-rr7.9%
Final simplification7.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* (* s PI) r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / ((s * ((float) M_PI)) * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(Float32(s * Float32(pi)) * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / ((s * single(pi)) * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{\left(s \cdot \pi\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 7.9%
Final simplification7.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 r) (* s PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / r) / (s * ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / r) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / r) / (s * single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{r}}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.5%
Simplified99.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.3%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 7.9%
associate-/r*7.9%
Simplified7.9%
Final simplification7.9%
herbie shell --seed 2023293
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))