
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor h) dX.v))
(t_1 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_2 (* (floor w) dX.u))
(t_3 (+ (* t_2 t_2) (* t_0 t_0)))
(t_4 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_5 (+ (* t_1 t_1) (* t_4 t_4)))
(t_6 (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax t_3 t_5)))))
(if (>= t_3 t_5) (* t_6 t_2) (* t_6 t_1))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(h) * dX_46_v;
float t_1 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_2 = floorf(w) * dX_46_u;
float t_3 = (t_2 * t_2) + (t_0 * t_0);
float t_4 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_5 = (t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4);
float t_6 = 1.0f / sqrtf(fmaxf(t_3, t_5));
float tmp;
if (t_3 >= t_5) {
tmp = t_6 * t_2;
} else {
tmp = t_6 * t_1;
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(h) * dX_46_v) t_1 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_2 = Float32(floor(w) * dX_46_u) t_3 = Float32(Float32(t_2 * t_2) + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) t_4 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_5 = Float32(Float32(t_1 * t_1) + Float32(t_4 * t_4)) t_6 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sqrt(((t_3 != t_3) ? t_5 : ((t_5 != t_5) ? t_3 : max(t_3, t_5))))) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (t_3 >= t_5) tmp = Float32(t_6 * t_2); else tmp = Float32(t_6 * t_1); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = floor(h) * dX_46_v; t_1 = floor(w) * dY_46_u; t_2 = floor(w) * dX_46_u; t_3 = (t_2 * t_2) + (t_0 * t_0); t_4 = floor(h) * dY_46_v; t_5 = (t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4); t_6 = single(1.0) / sqrt(max(t_3, t_5)); tmp = single(0.0); if (t_3 >= t_5) tmp = t_6 * t_2; else tmp = t_6 * t_1; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dX.v\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_2 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dX.u\\
t_3 := t_2 \cdot t_2 + t_0 \cdot t_0\\
t_4 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_5 := t_1 \cdot t_1 + t_4 \cdot t_4\\
t_6 := \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(t_3, t_5\right)}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t_3 \geq t_5:\\
\;\;\;\;t_6 \cdot t_2\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_6 \cdot t_1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 3 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor h) dX.v))
(t_1 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_2 (* (floor w) dX.u))
(t_3 (+ (* t_2 t_2) (* t_0 t_0)))
(t_4 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_5 (+ (* t_1 t_1) (* t_4 t_4)))
(t_6 (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax t_3 t_5)))))
(if (>= t_3 t_5) (* t_6 t_2) (* t_6 t_1))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(h) * dX_46_v;
float t_1 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_2 = floorf(w) * dX_46_u;
float t_3 = (t_2 * t_2) + (t_0 * t_0);
float t_4 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_5 = (t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4);
float t_6 = 1.0f / sqrtf(fmaxf(t_3, t_5));
float tmp;
if (t_3 >= t_5) {
tmp = t_6 * t_2;
} else {
tmp = t_6 * t_1;
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(h) * dX_46_v) t_1 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_2 = Float32(floor(w) * dX_46_u) t_3 = Float32(Float32(t_2 * t_2) + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) t_4 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_5 = Float32(Float32(t_1 * t_1) + Float32(t_4 * t_4)) t_6 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sqrt(((t_3 != t_3) ? t_5 : ((t_5 != t_5) ? t_3 : max(t_3, t_5))))) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (t_3 >= t_5) tmp = Float32(t_6 * t_2); else tmp = Float32(t_6 * t_1); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = floor(h) * dX_46_v; t_1 = floor(w) * dY_46_u; t_2 = floor(w) * dX_46_u; t_3 = (t_2 * t_2) + (t_0 * t_0); t_4 = floor(h) * dY_46_v; t_5 = (t_1 * t_1) + (t_4 * t_4); t_6 = single(1.0) / sqrt(max(t_3, t_5)); tmp = single(0.0); if (t_3 >= t_5) tmp = t_6 * t_2; else tmp = t_6 * t_1; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dX.v\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_2 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dX.u\\
t_3 := t_2 \cdot t_2 + t_0 \cdot t_0\\
t_4 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_5 := t_1 \cdot t_1 + t_4 \cdot t_4\\
t_6 := \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(t_3, t_5\right)}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t_3 \geq t_5:\\
\;\;\;\;t_6 \cdot t_2\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_6 \cdot t_1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_1 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_2 (+ (pow t_0 2.0) (pow t_1 2.0)))
(t_3 (* dX.u (floor w)))
(t_4 (+ (pow t_3 2.0) (pow (* dX.v (floor h)) 2.0))))
(if (>= t_4 t_2)
(/ dX.u (/ (sqrt (fmax t_4 t_2)) (floor w)))
(/
t_1
(sqrt
(fmax
(fma (floor w) (* dX.u t_3) (* (floor h) (* (floor h) (* dX.v dX.v))))
(fma (floor h) (* dY.v t_0) (* dY.u (* (floor w) t_1)))))))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_1 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_2 = powf(t_0, 2.0f) + powf(t_1, 2.0f);
float t_3 = dX_46_u * floorf(w);
float t_4 = powf(t_3, 2.0f) + powf((dX_46_v * floorf(h)), 2.0f);
float tmp;
if (t_4 >= t_2) {
tmp = dX_46_u / (sqrtf(fmaxf(t_4, t_2)) / floorf(w));
} else {
tmp = t_1 / sqrtf(fmaxf(fmaf(floorf(w), (dX_46_u * t_3), (floorf(h) * (floorf(h) * (dX_46_v * dX_46_v)))), fmaf(floorf(h), (dY_46_v * t_0), (dY_46_u * (floorf(w) * t_1)))));
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_1 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_2 = Float32((t_0 ^ Float32(2.0)) + (t_1 ^ Float32(2.0))) t_3 = Float32(dX_46_u * floor(w)) t_4 = Float32((t_3 ^ Float32(2.0)) + (Float32(dX_46_v * floor(h)) ^ Float32(2.0))) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (t_4 >= t_2) tmp = Float32(dX_46_u / Float32(sqrt(((t_4 != t_4) ? t_2 : ((t_2 != t_2) ? t_4 : max(t_4, t_2)))) / floor(w))); else tmp = Float32(t_1 / sqrt(((fma(floor(w), Float32(dX_46_u * t_3), Float32(floor(h) * Float32(floor(h) * Float32(dX_46_v * dX_46_v)))) != fma(floor(w), Float32(dX_46_u * t_3), Float32(floor(h) * Float32(floor(h) * Float32(dX_46_v * dX_46_v))))) ? fma(floor(h), Float32(dY_46_v * t_0), Float32(dY_46_u * Float32(floor(w) * t_1))) : ((fma(floor(h), Float32(dY_46_v * t_0), Float32(dY_46_u * Float32(floor(w) * t_1))) != fma(floor(h), Float32(dY_46_v * t_0), Float32(dY_46_u * Float32(floor(w) * t_1)))) ? fma(floor(w), Float32(dX_46_u * t_3), Float32(floor(h) * Float32(floor(h) * Float32(dX_46_v * dX_46_v)))) : max(fma(floor(w), Float32(dX_46_u * t_3), Float32(floor(h) * Float32(floor(h) * Float32(dX_46_v * dX_46_v)))), fma(floor(h), Float32(dY_46_v * t_0), Float32(dY_46_u * Float32(floor(w) * t_1)))))))); end return tmp end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_2 := {t_0}^{2} + {t_1}^{2}\\
t_3 := dX.u \cdot \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor\\
t_4 := {t_3}^{2} + {\left(dX.v \cdot \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor\right)}^{2}\\
\mathbf{if}\;t_4 \geq t_2:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{dX.u}{\frac{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(t_4, t_2\right)}}{\left\lfloorw\right\rfloor}}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{t_1}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\left\lfloorw\right\rfloor, dX.u \cdot t_3, \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot \left(\left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot \left(dX.v \cdot dX.v\right)\right)\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(\left\lfloorh\right\rfloor, dY.v \cdot t_0, dY.u \cdot \left(\left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot t_1\right)\right)\right)}}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 79.3%
Simplified79.4%
Taylor expanded in w around 0 79.2%
Simplified79.2%
expm1-log1p-u78.5%
expm1-udef65.1%
Applied egg-rr65.2%
Simplified79.4%
Taylor expanded in w around 0 79.4%
fma-udef79.4%
unpow279.4%
unpow279.4%
swap-sqr79.4%
unpow279.4%
unpow279.4%
associate-*r*79.4%
associate-*r*79.4%
*-commutative79.4%
unpow279.4%
fma-udef79.4%
Simplified79.4%
Final simplification79.4%
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* dX.v (floor h)))
(t_1 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_2 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_3 (* t_2 t_2))
(t_4 (* dX.u (floor w)))
(t_5
(/
1.0
(sqrt (fmax (+ (* t_4 t_4) (* t_0 t_0)) (+ t_3 (* t_1 t_1)))))))
(if (>= (+ (pow t_4 2.0) (pow t_0 2.0)) (+ (pow t_1 2.0) t_3))
(* t_4 t_5)
(* t_2 t_5))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = dX_46_v * floorf(h);
float t_1 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_2 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_3 = t_2 * t_2;
float t_4 = dX_46_u * floorf(w);
float t_5 = 1.0f / sqrtf(fmaxf(((t_4 * t_4) + (t_0 * t_0)), (t_3 + (t_1 * t_1))));
float tmp;
if ((powf(t_4, 2.0f) + powf(t_0, 2.0f)) >= (powf(t_1, 2.0f) + t_3)) {
tmp = t_4 * t_5;
} else {
tmp = t_2 * t_5;
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(dX_46_v * floor(h)) t_1 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_2 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_3 = Float32(t_2 * t_2) t_4 = Float32(dX_46_u * floor(w)) t_5 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / sqrt(((Float32(Float32(t_4 * t_4) + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) != Float32(Float32(t_4 * t_4) + Float32(t_0 * t_0))) ? Float32(t_3 + Float32(t_1 * t_1)) : ((Float32(t_3 + Float32(t_1 * t_1)) != Float32(t_3 + Float32(t_1 * t_1))) ? Float32(Float32(t_4 * t_4) + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) : max(Float32(Float32(t_4 * t_4) + Float32(t_0 * t_0)), Float32(t_3 + Float32(t_1 * t_1))))))) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (Float32((t_4 ^ Float32(2.0)) + (t_0 ^ Float32(2.0))) >= Float32((t_1 ^ Float32(2.0)) + t_3)) tmp = Float32(t_4 * t_5); else tmp = Float32(t_2 * t_5); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = dX_46_v * floor(h); t_1 = floor(h) * dY_46_v; t_2 = floor(w) * dY_46_u; t_3 = t_2 * t_2; t_4 = dX_46_u * floor(w); t_5 = single(1.0) / sqrt(max(((t_4 * t_4) + (t_0 * t_0)), (t_3 + (t_1 * t_1)))); tmp = single(0.0); if (((t_4 ^ single(2.0)) + (t_0 ^ single(2.0))) >= ((t_1 ^ single(2.0)) + t_3)) tmp = t_4 * t_5; else tmp = t_2 * t_5; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := dX.v \cdot \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_2 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_3 := t_2 \cdot t_2\\
t_4 := dX.u \cdot \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor\\
t_5 := \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(t_4 \cdot t_4 + t_0 \cdot t_0, t_3 + t_1 \cdot t_1\right)}}\\
\mathbf{if}\;{t_4}^{2} + {t_0}^{2} \geq {t_1}^{2} + t_3:\\
\;\;\;\;t_4 \cdot t_5\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_2 \cdot t_5\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 79.3%
pow279.3%
Applied egg-rr79.3%
pow279.3%
Applied egg-rr79.3%
Taylor expanded in h around 0 79.3%
*-commutative79.3%
unpow279.3%
unpow279.3%
swap-sqr79.3%
unpow279.3%
Simplified79.3%
Final simplification79.3%
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (* (floor h) dY.v))
(t_1 (* (floor w) dY.u))
(t_2 (* t_1 t_1))
(t_3 (* dX.u (floor w)))
(t_4 (* dX.v (floor h)))
(t_5 (+ (* t_3 t_3) (* t_4 t_4))))
(if (>= (+ (pow t_3 2.0) (pow t_4 2.0)) (+ (pow t_0 2.0) t_2))
(* t_3 (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax t_5 (+ t_2 (* t_0 t_0))))))
(*
t_1
(/
1.0
(sqrt (fmax t_5 (+ t_2 (* (pow (floor h) 2.0) (* dY.v dY.v))))))))))
float code(float w, float h, float dX_46_u, float dX_46_v, float dY_46_u, float dY_46_v, float maxAniso) {
float t_0 = floorf(h) * dY_46_v;
float t_1 = floorf(w) * dY_46_u;
float t_2 = t_1 * t_1;
float t_3 = dX_46_u * floorf(w);
float t_4 = dX_46_v * floorf(h);
float t_5 = (t_3 * t_3) + (t_4 * t_4);
float tmp;
if ((powf(t_3, 2.0f) + powf(t_4, 2.0f)) >= (powf(t_0, 2.0f) + t_2)) {
tmp = t_3 * (1.0f / sqrtf(fmaxf(t_5, (t_2 + (t_0 * t_0)))));
} else {
tmp = t_1 * (1.0f / sqrtf(fmaxf(t_5, (t_2 + (powf(floorf(h), 2.0f) * (dY_46_v * dY_46_v))))));
}
return tmp;
}
function code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = Float32(floor(h) * dY_46_v) t_1 = Float32(floor(w) * dY_46_u) t_2 = Float32(t_1 * t_1) t_3 = Float32(dX_46_u * floor(w)) t_4 = Float32(dX_46_v * floor(h)) t_5 = Float32(Float32(t_3 * t_3) + Float32(t_4 * t_4)) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (Float32((t_3 ^ Float32(2.0)) + (t_4 ^ Float32(2.0))) >= Float32((t_0 ^ Float32(2.0)) + t_2)) tmp = Float32(t_3 * Float32(Float32(1.0) / sqrt(((t_5 != t_5) ? Float32(t_2 + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) : ((Float32(t_2 + Float32(t_0 * t_0)) != Float32(t_2 + Float32(t_0 * t_0))) ? t_5 : max(t_5, Float32(t_2 + Float32(t_0 * t_0)))))))); else tmp = Float32(t_1 * Float32(Float32(1.0) / sqrt(((t_5 != t_5) ? Float32(t_2 + Float32((floor(h) ^ Float32(2.0)) * Float32(dY_46_v * dY_46_v))) : ((Float32(t_2 + Float32((floor(h) ^ Float32(2.0)) * Float32(dY_46_v * dY_46_v))) != Float32(t_2 + Float32((floor(h) ^ Float32(2.0)) * Float32(dY_46_v * dY_46_v)))) ? t_5 : max(t_5, Float32(t_2 + Float32((floor(h) ^ Float32(2.0)) * Float32(dY_46_v * dY_46_v))))))))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(w, h, dX_46_u, dX_46_v, dY_46_u, dY_46_v, maxAniso) t_0 = floor(h) * dY_46_v; t_1 = floor(w) * dY_46_u; t_2 = t_1 * t_1; t_3 = dX_46_u * floor(w); t_4 = dX_46_v * floor(h); t_5 = (t_3 * t_3) + (t_4 * t_4); tmp = single(0.0); if (((t_3 ^ single(2.0)) + (t_4 ^ single(2.0))) >= ((t_0 ^ single(2.0)) + t_2)) tmp = t_3 * (single(1.0) / sqrt(max(t_5, (t_2 + (t_0 * t_0))))); else tmp = t_1 * (single(1.0) / sqrt(max(t_5, (t_2 + ((floor(h) ^ single(2.0)) * (dY_46_v * dY_46_v)))))); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor \cdot dY.v\\
t_1 := \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor \cdot dY.u\\
t_2 := t_1 \cdot t_1\\
t_3 := dX.u \cdot \left\lfloorw\right\rfloor\\
t_4 := dX.v \cdot \left\lfloorh\right\rfloor\\
t_5 := t_3 \cdot t_3 + t_4 \cdot t_4\\
\mathbf{if}\;{t_3}^{2} + {t_4}^{2} \geq {t_0}^{2} + t_2:\\
\;\;\;\;t_3 \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(t_5, t_2 + t_0 \cdot t_0\right)}}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;t_1 \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\mathsf{max}\left(t_5, t_2 + {\left(\left\lfloorh\right\rfloor\right)}^{2} \cdot \left(dY.v \cdot dY.v\right)\right)}}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
Initial program 79.3%
pow279.3%
Applied egg-rr79.3%
pow279.3%
Applied egg-rr79.3%
Taylor expanded in h around 0 79.3%
*-commutative79.3%
unpow279.3%
unpow279.3%
swap-sqr79.3%
unpow279.3%
Simplified79.3%
Taylor expanded in h around 0 79.3%
*-commutative79.3%
unpow279.3%
Simplified79.3%
Final simplification79.3%
herbie shell --seed 2023271
(FPCore (w h dX.u dX.v dY.u dY.v maxAniso)
:name "Anisotropic x16 LOD (line direction, u)"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= 1.0 w) (<= w 16384.0)) (and (<= 1.0 h) (<= h 16384.0))) (and (<= 1e-20 (fabs dX.u)) (<= (fabs dX.u) 1e+20))) (and (<= 1e-20 (fabs dX.v)) (<= (fabs dX.v) 1e+20))) (and (<= 1e-20 (fabs dY.u)) (<= (fabs dY.u) 1e+20))) (and (<= 1e-20 (fabs dY.v)) (<= (fabs dY.v) 1e+20))) (== maxAniso 16.0))
(if (>= (+ (* (* (floor w) dX.u) (* (floor w) dX.u)) (* (* (floor h) dX.v) (* (floor h) dX.v))) (+ (* (* (floor w) dY.u) (* (floor w) dY.u)) (* (* (floor h) dY.v) (* (floor h) dY.v)))) (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax (+ (* (* (floor w) dX.u) (* (floor w) dX.u)) (* (* (floor h) dX.v) (* (floor h) dX.v))) (+ (* (* (floor w) dY.u) (* (floor w) dY.u)) (* (* (floor h) dY.v) (* (floor h) dY.v)))))) (* (floor w) dX.u)) (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (fmax (+ (* (* (floor w) dX.u) (* (floor w) dX.u)) (* (* (floor h) dX.v) (* (floor h) dX.v))) (+ (* (* (floor w) dY.u) (* (floor w) dY.u)) (* (* (floor h) dY.v) (* (floor h) dY.v)))))) (* (floor w) dY.u))))