| Alternative 1 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 87.3% |
| Cost | 14408 |

(FPCore (a b c) :precision binary64 (/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))
(FPCore (a b c)
:precision binary64
(if (<= b -1.85e+89)
(/ (- c) b)
(if (<= b -3e-112)
(*
-0.5
(/
(/ 1.0 (/ (- b (sqrt (fma a (* c -4.0) (* b b)))) (* c (* a 4.0))))
a))
(if (<= b 5.5e+100)
(* -0.5 (/ (+ b (sqrt (- (* b b) (* a (* c 4.0))))) a))
(- (/ c b) (/ b a))))))double code(double a, double b, double c) {
return (-b - sqrt(((b * b) - (4.0 * (a * c))))) / (2.0 * a);
}
double code(double a, double b, double c) {
double tmp;
if (b <= -1.85e+89) {
tmp = -c / b;
} else if (b <= -3e-112) {
tmp = -0.5 * ((1.0 / ((b - sqrt(fma(a, (c * -4.0), (b * b)))) / (c * (a * 4.0)))) / a);
} else if (b <= 5.5e+100) {
tmp = -0.5 * ((b + sqrt(((b * b) - (a * (c * 4.0))))) / a);
} else {
tmp = (c / b) - (b / a);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(a, b, c) return Float64(Float64(Float64(-b) - sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(4.0 * Float64(a * c))))) / Float64(2.0 * a)) end
function code(a, b, c) tmp = 0.0 if (b <= -1.85e+89) tmp = Float64(Float64(-c) / b); elseif (b <= -3e-112) tmp = Float64(-0.5 * Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b - sqrt(fma(a, Float64(c * -4.0), Float64(b * b)))) / Float64(c * Float64(a * 4.0)))) / a)); elseif (b <= 5.5e+100) tmp = Float64(-0.5 * Float64(Float64(b + sqrt(Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * Float64(c * 4.0))))) / a)); else tmp = Float64(Float64(c / b) - Float64(b / a)); end return tmp end
code[a_, b_, c_] := N[(N[((-b) - N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(4.0 * N[(a * c), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
code[a_, b_, c_] := If[LessEqual[b, -1.85e+89], N[((-c) / b), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, -3e-112], N[(-0.5 * N[(N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b - N[Sqrt[N[(a * N[(c * -4.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(c * N[(a * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[b, 5.5e+100], N[(-0.5 * N[(N[(b + N[Sqrt[N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * N[(c * 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(c / b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(b / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -1.85 \cdot 10^{+89}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{-c}{b}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;b \leq -3 \cdot 10^{-112}:\\
\;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{c \cdot \left(a \cdot 4\right)}}}{a}\\
\mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 5.5 \cdot 10^{+100}:\\
\;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{b \cdot b - a \cdot \left(c \cdot 4\right)}}{a}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\\
\end{array}
Herbie found 8 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
| Original | 51.2% |
|---|---|
| Target | 69.9% |
| Herbie | 87.3% |
if b < -1.8499999999999999e89Initial program 8.1%
Taylor expanded in b around -inf 93.0%
Simplified93.0%
[Start]93.0% | \[ -1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}
\] |
|---|---|
associate-*r/ [=>]93.0% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot c}{b}}
\] |
neg-mul-1 [<=]93.0% | \[ \frac{\color{blue}{-c}}{b}
\] |
if -1.8499999999999999e89 < b < -3.0000000000000001e-112Initial program 41.2%
Simplified41.2%
[Start]41.2% | \[ \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}
\] |
|---|---|
/-rgt-identity [<=]41.2% | \[ \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{1}}}
\] |
metadata-eval [<=]41.2% | \[ \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{\color{blue}{--1}}}
\] |
associate-/l* [=>]41.1% | \[ \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{\frac{--1}{a}}}}
\] |
associate-/r/ [=>]41.1% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2} \cdot \frac{--1}{a}}
\] |
*-commutative [<=]41.1% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{--1}{a} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}}
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]41.1% | \[ \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{a} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}
\] |
metadata-eval [<=]41.1% | \[ \frac{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot -1}}{a} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}
\] |
associate-*l/ [<=]41.1% | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{a} \cdot -1\right)} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}
\] |
associate-/r/ [<=]41.1% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{\frac{a}{-1}}} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}
\] |
times-frac [<=]41.2% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right)}{\frac{a}{-1} \cdot 2}}
\] |
*-commutative [<=]41.2% | \[ \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{a}{-1}}}
\] |
times-frac [=>]41.2% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\frac{a}{-1}}}
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]41.2% | \[ \color{blue}{-0.5} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\frac{a}{-1}}
\] |
associate-/r/ [=>]41.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a} \cdot -1\right)}
\] |
*-commutative [<=]41.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a}\right)}
\] |
div-sub [=>]40.9% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-b}{a} - \frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a}\right)}\right)
\] |
Applied egg-rr40.8%
[Start]41.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{a}
\] |
|---|---|
flip-+ [=>]40.9% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{b \cdot b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}}}{a}
\] |
clear-num [=>]40.9% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{b \cdot b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)} \cdot \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}}}}{a}
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [<=]40.8% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{b \cdot b - \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}}}{a}
\] |
Taylor expanded in b around 0 86.1%
Simplified86.1%
[Start]86.1% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{4 \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)}}}{a}
\] |
|---|---|
associate-*r* [=>]86.1% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{\color{blue}{\left(4 \cdot c\right) \cdot a}}}}{a}
\] |
*-commutative [<=]86.1% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{\color{blue}{\left(c \cdot 4\right)} \cdot a}}}{a}
\] |
associate-*l* [=>]86.1% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{\frac{1}{\frac{b - \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{\color{blue}{c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}}}{a}
\] |
if -3.0000000000000001e-112 < b < 5.5000000000000002e100Initial program 80.2%
Simplified80.2%
[Start]80.2% | \[ \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}
\] |
|---|---|
/-rgt-identity [<=]80.2% | \[ \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{1}}}
\] |
metadata-eval [<=]80.2% | \[ \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{\color{blue}{--1}}}
\] |
associate-/l* [=>]80.1% | \[ \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{\frac{--1}{a}}}}
\] |
associate-/r/ [=>]80.1% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2} \cdot \frac{--1}{a}}
\] |
*-commutative [<=]80.1% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{--1}{a} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}}
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]80.1% | \[ \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{a} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}
\] |
metadata-eval [<=]80.1% | \[ \frac{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot -1}}{a} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}
\] |
associate-*l/ [<=]80.1% | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1}{a} \cdot -1\right)} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}
\] |
associate-/r/ [<=]80.1% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{\frac{a}{-1}}} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2}
\] |
times-frac [<=]80.2% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right)}{\frac{a}{-1} \cdot 2}}
\] |
*-commutative [<=]80.2% | \[ \frac{-1 \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{a}{-1}}}
\] |
times-frac [=>]80.2% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\frac{a}{-1}}}
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]80.2% | \[ \color{blue}{-0.5} \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\frac{a}{-1}}
\] |
associate-/r/ [=>]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a} \cdot -1\right)}
\] |
*-commutative [<=]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a}\right)}
\] |
div-sub [=>]80.3% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-b}{a} - \frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{a}\right)}\right)
\] |
Applied egg-rr80.2%
[Start]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(a, c \cdot -4, b \cdot b\right)}}{a}
\] |
|---|---|
fma-udef [=>]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right) + b \cdot b}}}{a}
\] |
associate-*r* [=>]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot -4} + b \cdot b}}{a}
\] |
metadata-eval [<=]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-4\right)} + b \cdot b}}{a}
\] |
distribute-rgt-neg-in [<=]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(-\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot 4\right)} + b \cdot b}}{a}
\] |
*-commutative [<=]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\left(-\color{blue}{4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right) + b \cdot b}}{a}
\] |
+-commutative [=>]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b + \left(-4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)\right)}}}{a}
\] |
sub-neg [<=]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{\color{blue}{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}{a}
\] |
*-commutative [=>]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \color{blue}{\left(a \cdot c\right) \cdot 4}}}{a}
\] |
associate-*l* [=>]80.2% | \[ -0.5 \cdot \frac{b + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \color{blue}{a \cdot \left(c \cdot 4\right)}}}{a}
\] |
if 5.5000000000000002e100 < b Initial program 53.6%
Taylor expanded in b around inf 93.3%
Simplified93.3%
[Start]93.3% | \[ \frac{c}{b} + -1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}
\] |
|---|---|
mul-1-neg [=>]93.3% | \[ \frac{c}{b} + \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{b}{a}\right)}
\] |
unsub-neg [=>]93.3% | \[ \color{blue}{\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}}
\] |
Final simplification86.9%
| Alternative 1 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 87.3% |
| Cost | 14408 |
| Alternative 2 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 85.3% |
| Cost | 7624 |
| Alternative 3 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 80.8% |
| Cost | 7368 |
| Alternative 4 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 68.6% |
| Cost | 580 |
| Alternative 5 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 43.5% |
| Cost | 388 |
| Alternative 6 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 68.4% |
| Cost | 388 |
| Alternative 7 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 2.5% |
| Cost | 192 |
| Alternative 8 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 11.1% |
| Cost | 192 |
herbie shell --seed 2023263
(FPCore (a b c)
:name "quadm (p42, negative)"
:precision binary64
:herbie-target
(if (< b 0.0) (/ c (* a (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))) (/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))
(/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))