
(FPCore (f n) :precision binary64 (/ (- (+ f n)) (- f n)))
double code(double f, double n) {
return -(f + n) / (f - n);
}
real(8) function code(f, n)
real(8), intent (in) :: f
real(8), intent (in) :: n
code = -(f + n) / (f - n)
end function
public static double code(double f, double n) {
return -(f + n) / (f - n);
}
def code(f, n): return -(f + n) / (f - n)
function code(f, n) return Float64(Float64(-Float64(f + n)) / Float64(f - n)) end
function tmp = code(f, n) tmp = -(f + n) / (f - n); end
code[f_, n_] := N[((-N[(f + n), $MachinePrecision]) / N[(f - n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{-\left(f + n\right)}{f - n}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:
Herbie found 6 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (f n) :precision binary64 (/ (- (+ f n)) (- f n)))
double code(double f, double n) {
return -(f + n) / (f - n);
}
real(8) function code(f, n)
real(8), intent (in) :: f
real(8), intent (in) :: n
code = -(f + n) / (f - n)
end function
public static double code(double f, double n) {
return -(f + n) / (f - n);
}
def code(f, n): return -(f + n) / (f - n)
function code(f, n) return Float64(Float64(-Float64(f + n)) / Float64(f - n)) end
function tmp = code(f, n) tmp = -(f + n) / (f - n); end
code[f_, n_] := N[((-N[(f + n), $MachinePrecision]) / N[(f - n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{-\left(f + n\right)}{f - n}
\end{array}
(FPCore (f n) :precision binary64 (+ (/ n (- n f)) (/ f (- n f))))
double code(double f, double n) {
return (n / (n - f)) + (f / (n - f));
}
real(8) function code(f, n)
real(8), intent (in) :: f
real(8), intent (in) :: n
code = (n / (n - f)) + (f / (n - f))
end function
public static double code(double f, double n) {
return (n / (n - f)) + (f / (n - f));
}
def code(f, n): return (n / (n - f)) + (f / (n - f))
function code(f, n) return Float64(Float64(n / Float64(n - f)) + Float64(f / Float64(n - f))) end
function tmp = code(f, n) tmp = (n / (n - f)) + (f / (n - f)); end
code[f_, n_] := N[(N[(n / N[(n - f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(f / N[(n - f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{n}{n - f} + \frac{f}{n - f}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
*-commutative99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
div-sub99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
div-sub99.9%
unsub-neg99.9%
remove-double-neg99.9%
+-commutative99.9%
sub-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
/-rgt-identity99.9%
Simplified99.9%
clear-num99.9%
associate-/r/99.7%
Applied egg-rr99.7%
add-cbrt-cube32.9%
pow332.9%
Applied egg-rr32.9%
rem-cbrt-cube99.7%
distribute-lft-in99.7%
+-commutative99.7%
associate-*l/99.8%
*-un-lft-identity99.8%
associate-*l/100.0%
*-un-lft-identity100.0%
Applied egg-rr100.0%
Final simplification100.0%
(FPCore (f n)
:precision binary64
(if (or (<= f -8.4e+94)
(not (or (<= f -14.5) (and (not (<= f -5.5e-64)) (<= f 4e-12)))))
(+ (* -2.0 (/ n f)) -1.0)
(+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (/ f n)))))
double code(double f, double n) {
double tmp;
if ((f <= -8.4e+94) || !((f <= -14.5) || (!(f <= -5.5e-64) && (f <= 4e-12)))) {
tmp = (-2.0 * (n / f)) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (f / n));
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(f, n)
real(8), intent (in) :: f
real(8), intent (in) :: n
real(8) :: tmp
if ((f <= (-8.4d+94)) .or. (.not. (f <= (-14.5d0)) .or. (.not. (f <= (-5.5d-64))) .and. (f <= 4d-12))) then
tmp = ((-2.0d0) * (n / f)) + (-1.0d0)
else
tmp = 1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * (f / n))
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double f, double n) {
double tmp;
if ((f <= -8.4e+94) || !((f <= -14.5) || (!(f <= -5.5e-64) && (f <= 4e-12)))) {
tmp = (-2.0 * (n / f)) + -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (f / n));
}
return tmp;
}
def code(f, n): tmp = 0 if (f <= -8.4e+94) or not ((f <= -14.5) or (not (f <= -5.5e-64) and (f <= 4e-12))): tmp = (-2.0 * (n / f)) + -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (f / n)) return tmp
function code(f, n) tmp = 0.0 if ((f <= -8.4e+94) || !((f <= -14.5) || (!(f <= -5.5e-64) && (f <= 4e-12)))) tmp = Float64(Float64(-2.0 * Float64(n / f)) + -1.0); else tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * Float64(f / n))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(f, n) tmp = 0.0; if ((f <= -8.4e+94) || ~(((f <= -14.5) || (~((f <= -5.5e-64)) && (f <= 4e-12))))) tmp = (-2.0 * (n / f)) + -1.0; else tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (f / n)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[f_, n_] := If[Or[LessEqual[f, -8.4e+94], N[Not[Or[LessEqual[f, -14.5], And[N[Not[LessEqual[f, -5.5e-64]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[f, 4e-12]]]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(-2.0 * N[(n / f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[(f / n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;f \leq -8.4 \cdot 10^{+94} \lor \neg \left(f \leq -14.5 \lor \neg \left(f \leq -5.5 \cdot 10^{-64}\right) \land f \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-12}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;-2 \cdot \frac{n}{f} + -1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{f}{n}\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if f < -8.39999999999999958e94 or -14.5 < f < -5.4999999999999999e-64 or 3.99999999999999992e-12 < f Initial program 99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
*-commutative99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
div-sub99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
div-sub99.9%
unsub-neg99.9%
remove-double-neg99.9%
+-commutative99.9%
sub-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
/-rgt-identity99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in n around 0 78.6%
if -8.39999999999999958e94 < f < -14.5 or -5.4999999999999999e-64 < f < 3.99999999999999992e-12Initial program 100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
div-sub100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
div-sub100.0%
unsub-neg100.0%
remove-double-neg100.0%
+-commutative100.0%
sub-neg100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
/-rgt-identity100.0%
Simplified100.0%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 81.8%
Final simplification80.2%
(FPCore (f n)
:precision binary64
(if (<= f -1.1e+136)
-1.0
(if (or (<= f -6000.0) (and (not (<= f -7e-64)) (<= f 5e-6)))
(+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (/ f n)))
-1.0)))
double code(double f, double n) {
double tmp;
if (f <= -1.1e+136) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if ((f <= -6000.0) || (!(f <= -7e-64) && (f <= 5e-6))) {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (f / n));
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(f, n)
real(8), intent (in) :: f
real(8), intent (in) :: n
real(8) :: tmp
if (f <= (-1.1d+136)) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else if ((f <= (-6000.0d0)) .or. (.not. (f <= (-7d-64))) .and. (f <= 5d-6)) then
tmp = 1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * (f / n))
else
tmp = -1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double f, double n) {
double tmp;
if (f <= -1.1e+136) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else if ((f <= -6000.0) || (!(f <= -7e-64) && (f <= 5e-6))) {
tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (f / n));
} else {
tmp = -1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(f, n): tmp = 0 if f <= -1.1e+136: tmp = -1.0 elif (f <= -6000.0) or (not (f <= -7e-64) and (f <= 5e-6)): tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (f / n)) else: tmp = -1.0 return tmp
function code(f, n) tmp = 0.0 if (f <= -1.1e+136) tmp = -1.0; elseif ((f <= -6000.0) || (!(f <= -7e-64) && (f <= 5e-6))) tmp = Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * Float64(f / n))); else tmp = -1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(f, n) tmp = 0.0; if (f <= -1.1e+136) tmp = -1.0; elseif ((f <= -6000.0) || (~((f <= -7e-64)) && (f <= 5e-6))) tmp = 1.0 + (2.0 * (f / n)); else tmp = -1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[f_, n_] := If[LessEqual[f, -1.1e+136], -1.0, If[Or[LessEqual[f, -6000.0], And[N[Not[LessEqual[f, -7e-64]], $MachinePrecision], LessEqual[f, 5e-6]]], N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[(f / n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;f \leq -1.1 \cdot 10^{+136}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;f \leq -6000 \lor \neg \left(f \leq -7 \cdot 10^{-64}\right) \land f \leq 5 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 + 2 \cdot \frac{f}{n}\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if f < -1.1e136 or -6e3 < f < -7.0000000000000006e-64 or 5.00000000000000041e-6 < f Initial program 99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
*-commutative99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
div-sub99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
div-sub99.9%
unsub-neg99.9%
remove-double-neg99.9%
+-commutative99.9%
sub-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
/-rgt-identity99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in f around inf 79.2%
if -1.1e136 < f < -6e3 or -7.0000000000000006e-64 < f < 5.00000000000000041e-6Initial program 100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
div-sub100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
div-sub100.0%
unsub-neg100.0%
remove-double-neg100.0%
+-commutative100.0%
sub-neg100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
/-rgt-identity100.0%
Simplified100.0%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 79.6%
Final simplification79.5%
(FPCore (f n) :precision binary64 (/ (+ n f) (- n f)))
double code(double f, double n) {
return (n + f) / (n - f);
}
real(8) function code(f, n)
real(8), intent (in) :: f
real(8), intent (in) :: n
code = (n + f) / (n - f)
end function
public static double code(double f, double n) {
return (n + f) / (n - f);
}
def code(f, n): return (n + f) / (n - f)
function code(f, n) return Float64(Float64(n + f) / Float64(n - f)) end
function tmp = code(f, n) tmp = (n + f) / (n - f); end
code[f_, n_] := N[(N[(n + f), $MachinePrecision] / N[(n - f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{n + f}{n - f}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
*-commutative99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
div-sub99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
div-sub99.9%
unsub-neg99.9%
remove-double-neg99.9%
+-commutative99.9%
sub-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
/-rgt-identity99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Final simplification99.9%
(FPCore (f n) :precision binary64 (if (<= n -2e-51) 1.0 (if (<= n 3.5e-46) -1.0 1.0)))
double code(double f, double n) {
double tmp;
if (n <= -2e-51) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (n <= 3.5e-46) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(f, n)
real(8), intent (in) :: f
real(8), intent (in) :: n
real(8) :: tmp
if (n <= (-2d-51)) then
tmp = 1.0d0
else if (n <= 3.5d-46) then
tmp = -1.0d0
else
tmp = 1.0d0
end if
code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double f, double n) {
double tmp;
if (n <= -2e-51) {
tmp = 1.0;
} else if (n <= 3.5e-46) {
tmp = -1.0;
} else {
tmp = 1.0;
}
return tmp;
}
def code(f, n): tmp = 0 if n <= -2e-51: tmp = 1.0 elif n <= 3.5e-46: tmp = -1.0 else: tmp = 1.0 return tmp
function code(f, n) tmp = 0.0 if (n <= -2e-51) tmp = 1.0; elseif (n <= 3.5e-46) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = 1.0; end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(f, n) tmp = 0.0; if (n <= -2e-51) tmp = 1.0; elseif (n <= 3.5e-46) tmp = -1.0; else tmp = 1.0; end tmp_2 = tmp; end
code[f_, n_] := If[LessEqual[n, -2e-51], 1.0, If[LessEqual[n, 3.5e-46], -1.0, 1.0]]
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;n \leq -2 \cdot 10^{-51}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\mathbf{elif}\;n \leq 3.5 \cdot 10^{-46}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if n < -2e-51 or 3.5000000000000002e-46 < n Initial program 99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
*-commutative99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
div-sub99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
div-sub99.9%
unsub-neg99.9%
remove-double-neg99.9%
+-commutative99.9%
sub-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
/-rgt-identity99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in f around 0 75.9%
if -2e-51 < n < 3.5000000000000002e-46Initial program 100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
div-sub100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
associate-/l*100.0%
*-commutative100.0%
neg-mul-1100.0%
div-sub100.0%
unsub-neg100.0%
remove-double-neg100.0%
+-commutative100.0%
sub-neg100.0%
metadata-eval100.0%
/-rgt-identity100.0%
Simplified100.0%
Taylor expanded in f around inf 76.3%
Final simplification76.1%
(FPCore (f n) :precision binary64 -1.0)
double code(double f, double n) {
return -1.0;
}
real(8) function code(f, n)
real(8), intent (in) :: f
real(8), intent (in) :: n
code = -1.0d0
end function
public static double code(double f, double n) {
return -1.0;
}
def code(f, n): return -1.0
function code(f, n) return -1.0 end
function tmp = code(f, n) tmp = -1.0; end
code[f_, n_] := -1.0
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-1
\end{array}
Initial program 99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
*-commutative99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
div-sub99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
associate-/l*99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
neg-mul-199.9%
div-sub99.9%
unsub-neg99.9%
remove-double-neg99.9%
+-commutative99.9%
sub-neg99.9%
metadata-eval99.9%
/-rgt-identity99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Taylor expanded in f around inf 46.9%
Final simplification46.9%
herbie shell --seed 2023258
(FPCore (f n)
:name "subtraction fraction"
:precision binary64
(/ (- (+ f n)) (- f n)))