
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 12 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.25 (* s (* 2.0 PI))) (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r)) (* (/ 0.75 (* s (* PI 6.0))) (/ (exp (/ (- r) (* s 3.0))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * (expf((-r / s)) / r)) + ((0.75f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * 6.0f))) * (expf((-r / (s * 3.0f))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(6.0)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(s * Float32(3.0)))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))) * (exp((-r / s)) / r)) + ((single(0.75) / (s * (single(pi) * single(6.0)))) * (exp((-r / (s * single(3.0)))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{0.75}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 6\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
times-frac99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
times-frac99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
distribute-frac-neg99.9%
*-commutative99.9%
Simplified99.9%
Final simplification99.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (pow E (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s)))) (* s (* PI r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((-r / s)) + powf(((float) M_E), (-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s)))) / (s * (((float) M_PI) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + (Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s)))) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((-r / s)) + (single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ (single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s)))) / (s * (single(pi) * r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + {e}^{\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}\right)}}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
distribute-lft-out98.2%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
mul-1-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
associate-/l*99.8%
associate-*r*99.8%
Simplified99.8%
*-un-lft-identity99.8%
exp-prod99.8%
exp-1-e99.8%
div-inv99.8%
add-sqr-sqrt99.8%
sqrt-unprod99.8%
sqr-neg99.8%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt7.1%
clear-num7.1%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod99.8%
sqr-neg99.8%
sqrt-unprod99.8%
add-sqr-sqrt99.8%
Applied egg-rr99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.8%
Final simplification99.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (pow E (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s)))) (* PI (* s r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((-r / s)) + powf(((float) M_E), (-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s)))) / (((float) M_PI) * (s * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + (Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s)))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((-r / s)) + (single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ (single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s)))) / (single(pi) * (s * r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + {e}^{\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
distribute-lft-out98.2%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
mul-1-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
associate-/l*99.8%
associate-*r*99.8%
Simplified99.8%
*-un-lft-identity99.8%
exp-prod99.8%
exp-1-e99.8%
div-inv99.8%
add-sqr-sqrt99.8%
sqrt-unprod99.8%
sqr-neg99.8%
sqrt-unprod-0.0%
add-sqr-sqrt7.1%
clear-num7.1%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod99.8%
sqr-neg99.8%
sqrt-unprod99.8%
add-sqr-sqrt99.8%
Applied egg-rr99.8%
Final simplification99.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (exp (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r)))) (* s (* PI r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((-r / s)) + expf((-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r)))) / (s * (((float) M_PI) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r)))) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((-r / s)) + exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r)))) / (s * (single(pi) * r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
distribute-lft-out98.2%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
mul-1-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
associate-/l*99.8%
associate-*r*99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.8%
Final simplification99.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (exp (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r)))) (* PI (* s r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((-r / s)) + expf((-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r)))) / (((float) M_PI) * (s * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r)))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((-r / s)) + exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r)))) / (single(pi) * (s * r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
distribute-lft-out98.2%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
mul-1-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
associate-/l*99.8%
associate-*r*99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Final simplification99.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* PI r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((((float) M_PI) * r))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(pi) * r))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
distribute-lft-out98.2%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.2%
log1p-expm1-u45.8%
*-commutative45.8%
Applied egg-rr45.8%
Final simplification45.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r) (/ (+ (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r)) 1.0) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((-r / s)) / r) + (((-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r)) + 1.0f) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r)) + Float32(1.0)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((-r / s)) / r) + (((single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r)) + single(1.0)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}} + 1}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
times-frac99.9%
times-frac99.9%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
distribute-lft-out99.8%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
associate-*r/9.2%
associate-/l*9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r) (- (/ 1.0 r) (/ 0.3333333333333333 s)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * ((expf((-r / s)) / r) + ((1.0f / r) - (0.3333333333333333f / s)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) - Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / s)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * ((exp((-r / s)) / r) + ((single(1.0) / r) - (single(0.3333333333333333) / s))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + \left(\frac{1}{r} - \frac{0.3333333333333333}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
times-frac99.9%
times-frac99.9%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
distribute-lft-out99.8%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
associate-*r/9.2%
associate-/l*9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 9.2%
associate-*r/9.2%
metadata-eval9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ -0.3333333333333333 (/ s r))) (- 1.0 (/ r s))) (* PI (* s r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((-0.3333333333333333f / (s / r))) + (1.0f - (r / s))) / (((float) M_PI) * (s * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) / Float32(s / r))) + Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(r / s))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((single(-0.3333333333333333) / (s / r))) + (single(1.0) - (r / s))) / (single(pi) * (s * r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{\frac{s}{r}}} + \left(1 - \frac{r}{s}\right)}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
distribute-lft-out98.2%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.8%
mul-1-neg99.8%
distribute-frac-neg99.8%
associate-*r/99.8%
associate-/l*99.8%
associate-*r*99.8%
Simplified99.8%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.7%
mul-1-neg8.6%
unsub-neg8.6%
Simplified8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (- (* s (/ (/ 0.25 s) PI)) (* r (/ (/ 0.16666666666666666 PI) s))) (* s r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((s * ((0.25f / s) / ((float) M_PI))) - (r * ((0.16666666666666666f / ((float) M_PI)) / s))) / (s * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(s * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / s) / Float32(pi))) - Float32(r * Float32(Float32(Float32(0.16666666666666666) / Float32(pi)) / s))) / Float32(s * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((s * ((single(0.25) / s) / single(pi))) - (r * ((single(0.16666666666666666) / single(pi)) / s))) / (s * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{s \cdot \frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{\pi} - r \cdot \frac{\frac{0.16666666666666666}{\pi}}{s}}{s \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
distribute-lft-out98.2%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.5%
associate-*r/8.6%
metadata-eval8.6%
associate-*r*8.6%
associate-*r/8.6%
metadata-eval8.6%
*-commutative8.6%
unpow28.6%
Simplified8.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 8.5%
associate-*r/8.6%
metadata-eval8.6%
associate-*r*8.6%
associate-*r/8.6%
metadata-eval8.6%
unpow28.6%
*-commutative8.6%
associate-/r*8.6%
Simplified8.6%
associate-*r*8.6%
*-commutative8.6%
associate-/r*8.6%
associate-/r*8.6%
associate-/r*8.6%
frac-sub8.7%
Applied egg-rr8.7%
Final simplification8.7%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (- (/ 1.0 r) (/ 0.3333333333333333 s)) (/ (- 1.0 (/ r s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (((1.0f / r) - (0.3333333333333333f / s)) + ((1.0f - (r / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / r) - Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) / s)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(r / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (((single(1.0) / r) - (single(0.3333333333333333) / s)) + ((single(1.0) - (r / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{1}{r} - \frac{0.3333333333333333}{s}\right) + \frac{1 - \frac{r}{s}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
times-frac99.9%
times-frac99.9%
associate-*l*99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
metadata-eval99.8%
associate-/r*99.8%
associate-*l*99.8%
distribute-lft-out99.8%
Simplified99.7%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
associate-*r/9.2%
associate-/l*9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 9.2%
associate-*r/9.2%
metadata-eval9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.6%
mul-1-neg8.6%
unsub-neg8.6%
Simplified8.6%
Final simplification8.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (* PI r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (s * (single(pi) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.8%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l/98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
metadata-eval98.2%
associate-/r*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
associate-*l*98.2%
distribute-lft-out98.2%
Simplified98.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 8.2%
Final simplification8.2%
herbie shell --seed 2023257
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))