Lanczos kernel

Percentage Accurate: 97.9% → 97.9%
Time: 12.9s
Alternatives: 18
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(10^{-5} \leq x \land x \leq 1\right) \land \left(1 \leq tau \land tau \leq 5\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (* x PI) tau)))
   (* (/ (sin t_1) t_1) (/ (sin (* x PI)) (* x PI)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	float t_1 = (x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau;
	return (sinf(t_1) / t_1) * (sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) / (x * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(x, tau)
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau)
	return Float32(Float32(sin(t_1) / t_1) * Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) / Float32(x * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	t_1 = (x * single(pi)) * tau;
	tmp = (sin(t_1) / t_1) * (sin((x * single(pi))) / (x * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 18 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 97.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (* x PI) tau)))
   (* (/ (sin t_1) t_1) (/ (sin (* x PI)) (* x PI)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	float t_1 = (x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau;
	return (sinf(t_1) / t_1) * (sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) / (x * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(x, tau)
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau)
	return Float32(Float32(sin(t_1) / t_1) * Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) / Float32(x * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	t_1 = (x * single(pi)) * tau;
	tmp = (sin(t_1) / t_1) * (sin((x * single(pi))) / (x * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 97.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (* x PI) tau)))
   (* (/ (sin t_1) t_1) (/ (sin (* x PI)) (* x PI)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	float t_1 = (x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau;
	return (sinf(t_1) / t_1) * (sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) / (x * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(x, tau)
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau)
	return Float32(Float32(sin(t_1) / t_1) * Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) / Float32(x * Float32(pi))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	t_1 = (x * single(pi)) * tau;
	tmp = (sin(t_1) / t_1) * (sin((x * single(pi))) / (x * single(pi)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Final simplification98.1%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]

Alternative 2: 97.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\\ \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* x (* PI tau))))
   (* (/ (sin (* x PI)) (* x PI)) (/ (sin t_1) t_1))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	float t_1 = x * (((float) M_PI) * tau);
	return (sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) / (x * ((float) M_PI))) * (sinf(t_1) / t_1);
}
function code(x, tau)
	t_1 = Float32(x * Float32(Float32(pi) * tau))
	return Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) / Float32(x * Float32(pi))) * Float32(sin(t_1) / t_1))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	t_1 = x * (single(pi) * tau);
	tmp = (sin((x * single(pi))) / (x * single(pi))) * (sin(t_1) / t_1);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\\
\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin t_1}{t_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
    2. associate-*l*97.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)}} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  3. Simplified97.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}} \]
  4. Final simplification97.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)} \]

Alternative 3: 97.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (* (sin (* x PI)) (/ (sin (* x (* PI tau))) (* tau (pow (* x PI) 2.0)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) * (sinf((x * (((float) M_PI) * tau))) / (tau * powf((x * ((float) M_PI)), 2.0f)));
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) * Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(Float32(pi) * tau))) / Float32(tau * (Float32(x * Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(2.0)))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = sin((x * single(pi))) * (sin((x * (single(pi) * tau))) / (tau * ((x * single(pi)) ^ single(2.0))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    2. times-frac98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r*97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    5. associate-/r*97.7%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    6. associate-/l/97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    8. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. associate-*r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    3. *-commutative97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-*r*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative97.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \cdot tau\right)}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    6. associate-*l*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    7. associate-*r*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    8. swap-sqr97.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    9. pow297.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{\color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}} \]
    10. *-commutative97.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}^{2}} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr97.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around inf 97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot {x}^{2}\right)}} \]
  7. Simplified97.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}} \]
  8. Final simplification97.3%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}} \]

Alternative 4: 97.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (* (sin (* x (* PI tau))) (/ (sin (* x PI)) (* tau (pow (* x PI) 2.0)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return sinf((x * (((float) M_PI) * tau))) * (sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) / (tau * powf((x * ((float) M_PI)), 2.0f)));
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(Float32(pi) * tau))) * Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) / Float32(tau * (Float32(x * Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(2.0)))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = sin((x * (single(pi) * tau))) * (sin((x * single(pi))) / (tau * ((x * single(pi)) ^ single(2.0))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. associate-*l/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}}}{x \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-/l/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    7. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    8. associate-/l/97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    10. associate-*r*97.0%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around inf 97.1%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot {x}^{2}\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow297.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot {x}^{2}\right)} \]
    2. unpow297.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right)} \]
    3. swap-sqr97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right)}} \]
    4. unpow297.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}} \]
  6. Simplified97.4%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}} \]
  7. Final simplification97.4%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}} \]

Alternative 5: 97.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{tau}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}} \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{-2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ (sin (* x PI)) (/ tau (sin (* PI (* x tau))))) (pow (* x PI) -2.0)))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return (sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) / (tau / sinf((((float) M_PI) * (x * tau))))) * powf((x * ((float) M_PI)), -2.0f);
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) / Float32(tau / sin(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(x * tau))))) * (Float32(x * Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(-2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = (sin((x * single(pi))) / (tau / sin((single(pi) * (x * tau))))) * ((x * single(pi)) ^ single(-2.0));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{tau}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}} \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{-2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    2. times-frac98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r*97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    5. associate-/r*97.7%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    6. associate-/l/97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    8. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. associate-*r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate-*l/97.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \]
    4. associate-*l/97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    5. *-commutative97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    7. *-commutative97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \cdot tau\right)}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    8. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    9. associate-*r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    10. swap-sqr97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    11. pow297.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}} \]
    12. *-commutative97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}^{2}} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr97.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. div-inv96.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. pow-flip96.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{\left(-2\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}}\right)} - 1 \]
  7. Applied egg-rr96.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{-2}\right)} - 1} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{-2}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{tau} \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)\right) \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{-2}} \]
    3. associate-*l/97.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{-2} \]
    4. associate-/l*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{\frac{tau}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{-2} \]
    5. *-commutative97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{\frac{tau}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{-2} \]
    6. *-commutative97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{tau}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}^{-2} \]
  9. Simplified97.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{tau}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}} \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{-2}} \]
  10. Final simplification97.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{tau}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}} \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{-2} \]

Alternative 6: 97.2% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (sin (* x PI)) (/ (pow (* x PI) 2.0) (/ (sin (* PI (* x tau))) tau))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) / (powf((x * ((float) M_PI)), 2.0f) / (sinf((((float) M_PI) * (x * tau))) / tau));
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) / Float32((Float32(x * Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(2.0)) / Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(x * tau))) / tau)))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = sin((x * single(pi))) / (((x * single(pi)) ^ single(2.0)) / (sin((single(pi) * (x * tau))) / tau));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    2. times-frac98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r*97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    5. associate-/r*97.7%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    6. associate-/l/97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    8. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. associate-*r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-num97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \]
    2. un-div-inv97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}} \]
    3. *-commutative97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}{\frac{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}} \]
    4. *-commutative97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) \cdot tau}}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}} \]
    5. associate-/l*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{\color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}}} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)}}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}} \]
    7. swap-sqr97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}} \]
    8. pow297.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}} \]
    9. *-commutative97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}^{2}}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr97.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}}} \]
  6. Final simplification97.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\frac{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}} \]

Alternative 7: 97.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau}}{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (/ (/ (* (sin (* x PI)) (sin (* (* x PI) tau))) tau) (pow (* x PI) 2.0)))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return ((sinf((x * ((float) M_PI))) * sinf(((x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau))) / tau) / powf((x * ((float) M_PI)), 2.0f);
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(pi))) * sin(Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau))) / tau) / (Float32(x * Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = ((sin((x * single(pi))) * sin(((x * single(pi)) * tau))) / tau) / ((x * single(pi)) ^ single(2.0));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau}}{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    2. times-frac98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r*97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    5. associate-/r*97.7%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    6. associate-/l/97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    8. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. associate-*r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
    2. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    3. *-commutative97.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    4. associate-*r*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative97.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \cdot tau\right)}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    6. associate-*l*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{tau}}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    7. associate-*r*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    8. swap-sqr97.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    9. pow297.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{\color{blue}{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}}} \]
    10. *-commutative97.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}^{2}} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr97.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau}}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around -inf 97.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right)}}{tau}}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}} \]
  7. Final simplification97.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau}}{{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}} \]

Alternative 8: 85.3% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (* x PI) tau)))
   (*
    (/ (sin t_1) t_1)
    (+ 1.0 (* -0.16666666666666666 (* (pow PI 2.0) (* x x)))))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	float t_1 = (x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau;
	return (sinf(t_1) / t_1) * (1.0f + (-0.16666666666666666f * (powf(((float) M_PI), 2.0f) * (x * x))));
}
function code(x, tau)
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau)
	return Float32(Float32(sin(t_1) / t_1) * Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) * Float32((Float32(pi) ^ Float32(2.0)) * Float32(x * x)))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	t_1 = (x * single(pi)) * tau;
	tmp = (sin(t_1) / t_1) * (single(1.0) + (single(-0.16666666666666666) * ((single(pi) ^ single(2.0)) * (x * x))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Taylor expanded in x around 0 87.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative87.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\pi}^{2} \cdot {x}^{2}\right)}\right) \]
    2. unpow287.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)}\right)\right) \]
  4. Simplified87.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification87.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]

Alternative 9: 85.3% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \left(1 + {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (* x PI) tau)))
   (* (/ (sin t_1) t_1) (+ 1.0 (* (pow (* x PI) 2.0) -0.16666666666666666)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	float t_1 = (x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau;
	return (sinf(t_1) / t_1) * (1.0f + (powf((x * ((float) M_PI)), 2.0f) * -0.16666666666666666f));
}
function code(x, tau)
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau)
	return Float32(Float32(sin(t_1) / t_1) * Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32((Float32(x * Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(2.0)) * Float32(-0.16666666666666666))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	t_1 = (x * single(pi)) * tau;
	tmp = (sin(t_1) / t_1) * (single(1.0) + (((x * single(pi)) ^ single(2.0)) * single(-0.16666666666666666)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \cdot \left(1 + {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-num98.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot \pi}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}} \]
    2. inv-pow98.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{x \cdot \pi}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot x}}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{-1} \]
    4. associate-/l*97.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x}}\right)}}^{-1} \]
    5. *-commutative97.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot {\left(\frac{\pi}{\frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}{x}}\right)}^{-1} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr97.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\pi}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{x}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow-197.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{x}}}} \]
    2. associate-/r/97.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \cdot x}} \]
    3. associate-*l/98.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot x}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}} \]
  5. Simplified98.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\pi \cdot x}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 87.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({x}^{2} \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right)} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow287.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x\right)} \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) \]
    2. *-commutative87.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. unpow287.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right)\right)\right) \]
    4. swap-sqr87.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right)}\right) \]
    5. unpow287.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{2}}\right) \]
    6. *-commutative87.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}^{2}\right) \]
  8. Simplified87.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2}\right)} \]
  9. Final simplification87.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \left(1 + {\left(x \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right) \]

Alternative 10: 85.1% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\\ \sin t_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \pi \cdot \frac{x}{tau}, \frac{1}{t_1}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* PI (* x tau))))
   (* (sin t_1) (fma -0.16666666666666666 (* PI (/ x tau)) (/ 1.0 t_1)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	float t_1 = ((float) M_PI) * (x * tau);
	return sinf(t_1) * fmaf(-0.16666666666666666f, (((float) M_PI) * (x / tau)), (1.0f / t_1));
}
function code(x, tau)
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(x * tau))
	return Float32(sin(t_1) * fma(Float32(-0.16666666666666666), Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(x / tau)), Float32(Float32(1.0) / t_1)))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\\
\sin t_1 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \pi \cdot \frac{x}{tau}, \frac{1}{t_1}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. associate-*l/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}}}{x \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-/l/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    7. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    8. associate-/l/97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    10. associate-*r*97.0%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 86.4%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau} + \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-def86.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau}, \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
    2. associate-/l*86.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}}, \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r*86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \pi}}\right) \]
    4. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \pi}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}}\right) \]
    6. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)}}\right) \]
  6. Simplified86.3%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(tau \cdot x\right)}\right)} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u86.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(tau \cdot x\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef86.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(tau \cdot x\right)}\right)\right)} - 1} \]
    3. *-commutative86.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(tau \cdot x\right)}\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. *-commutative86.0%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot tau\right)}}\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} - 1 \]
    5. associate-*r*86.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}\right)} - 1 \]
    6. *-commutative86.2%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \cdot tau\right)\right)} - 1 \]
    7. associate-*r*86.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \cdot \sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}\right)} - 1 \]
  8. Applied egg-rr86.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)} - 1} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def86.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p86.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)} \]
    3. *-commutative86.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right)} \]
    4. associate-/l*86.8%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative86.8%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \pi}}{tau}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    6. associate-/l*86.8%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \color{blue}{\frac{x}{\frac{tau}{\pi}}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
    7. associate-/r/86.8%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \color{blue}{\frac{x}{tau} \cdot \pi}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]
  10. Simplified86.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{x}{tau} \cdot \pi, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right)} \]
  11. Final simplification86.8%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \pi \cdot \frac{x}{tau}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}\right) \]

Alternative 11: 84.7% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{x \cdot \pi}{tau} + \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (sin (* x (* PI tau)))
  (+ (* -0.16666666666666666 (/ (* x PI) tau)) (/ 1.0 (* (* x PI) tau)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return sinf((x * (((float) M_PI) * tau))) * ((-0.16666666666666666f * ((x * ((float) M_PI)) / tau)) + (1.0f / ((x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau)));
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(Float32(pi) * tau))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) * Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) / tau)) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = sin((x * (single(pi) * tau))) * ((single(-0.16666666666666666) * ((x * single(pi)) / tau)) + (single(1.0) / ((x * single(pi)) * tau)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{x \cdot \pi}{tau} + \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. associate-*l/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}}}{x \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-/l/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    7. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    8. associate-/l/97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    10. associate-*r*97.0%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 86.4%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau} + \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification86.4%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{x \cdot \pi}{tau} + \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}\right) \]

Alternative 12: 84.6% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.16666666666666666 + \frac{1}{x \cdot \pi}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (sin (* PI (* x tau)))
  (/ tau (+ (* (* x PI) -0.16666666666666666) (/ 1.0 (* x PI))))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return sinf((((float) M_PI) * (x * tau))) / (tau / (((x * ((float) M_PI)) * -0.16666666666666666f) + (1.0f / (x * ((float) M_PI)))));
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(x * tau))) / Float32(tau / Float32(Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.16666666666666666)) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(x * Float32(pi))))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = sin((single(pi) * (x * tau))) / (tau / (((x * single(pi)) * single(-0.16666666666666666)) + (single(1.0) / (x * single(pi)))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.16666666666666666 + \frac{1}{x \cdot \pi}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. associate-*l/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}}}{x \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-/l/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    7. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    8. associate-/l/97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    10. associate-*r*97.0%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 86.4%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau} + \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-def86.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau}, \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
    2. associate-/l*86.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}}, \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r*86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \pi}}\right) \]
    4. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \pi}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}}\right) \]
    6. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)}}\right) \]
  6. Simplified86.3%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(tau \cdot x\right)}\right)} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in tau around inf 86.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*86.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}} \]
    2. *-commutative86.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot tau\right)}}{\frac{tau}{\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*86.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{\frac{tau}{\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}} \]
    4. associate-/l/86.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\pi}} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}} \]
    5. +-commutative86.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{\color{blue}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) + \frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\pi}}}} \]
    6. *-commutative86.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)} + \frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\pi}}} \]
    7. associate-/r*86.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right) + \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x \cdot \pi}}}} \]
  9. Simplified86.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right) + \frac{1}{x \cdot \pi}}}} \]
  10. Final simplification86.2%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)\right)}{\frac{tau}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.16666666666666666 + \frac{1}{x \cdot \pi}}} \]

Alternative 13: 84.9% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.16666666666666666 + \frac{1}{x \cdot \pi}\right)}{tau} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (*
   (sin (* (* x PI) tau))
   (+ (* (* x PI) -0.16666666666666666) (/ 1.0 (* x PI))))
  tau))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return (sinf(((x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau)) * (((x * ((float) M_PI)) * -0.16666666666666666f) + (1.0f / (x * ((float) M_PI))))) / tau;
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(Float32(sin(Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau)) * Float32(Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.16666666666666666)) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(x * Float32(pi))))) / tau)
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = (sin(((x * single(pi)) * tau)) * (((x * single(pi)) * single(-0.16666666666666666)) + (single(1.0) / (x * single(pi))))) / tau;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.16666666666666666 + \frac{1}{x \cdot \pi}\right)}{tau}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. associate-*l/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}}}{x \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-/l/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    7. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    8. associate-/l/97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    10. associate-*r*97.0%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 86.4%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau} + \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-def86.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau}, \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
    2. associate-/l*86.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}}, \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r*86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \pi}}\right) \]
    4. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \pi}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}}\right) \]
    6. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)}}\right) \]
  6. Simplified86.3%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(tau \cdot x\right)}\right)} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in tau around inf 86.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(tau \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right)}{tau}} \]
  8. Final simplification86.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.16666666666666666 + \frac{1}{x \cdot \pi}\right)}{tau} \]

Alternative 14: 79.0% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + tau \cdot tau\right)\right), x \cdot x, 1\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (fma
  (* -0.16666666666666666 (* (pow PI 2.0) (+ 1.0 (* tau tau))))
  (* x x)
  1.0))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return fmaf((-0.16666666666666666f * (powf(((float) M_PI), 2.0f) * (1.0f + (tau * tau)))), (x * x), 1.0f);
}
function code(x, tau)
	return fma(Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) * Float32((Float32(pi) ^ Float32(2.0)) * Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(tau * tau)))), Float32(x * x), Float32(1.0))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + tau \cdot tau\right)\right), x \cdot x, 1\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    2. times-frac98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r*97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    5. associate-/r*97.7%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    6. associate-/l/97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    8. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. associate-*r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 81.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {\pi}^{2} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({tau}^{2} \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {x}^{2}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative81.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {\pi}^{2} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({tau}^{2} \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot {x}^{2} + 1} \]
    2. fma-def81.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {\pi}^{2} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({tau}^{2} \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right), {x}^{2}, 1\right)} \]
    3. distribute-lft-out81.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} + {tau}^{2} \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)}, {x}^{2}, 1\right) \]
    4. distribute-rgt1-in81.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left({tau}^{2} + 1\right) \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right)}, {x}^{2}, 1\right) \]
    5. unpow281.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\left(\color{blue}{tau \cdot tau} + 1\right) \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right), {x}^{2}, 1\right) \]
    6. unpow281.5%

      \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\left(tau \cdot tau + 1\right) \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right), \color{blue}{x \cdot x}, 1\right) \]
  6. Simplified81.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\left(tau \cdot tau + 1\right) \cdot {\pi}^{2}\right), x \cdot x, 1\right)} \]
  7. Final simplification81.5%

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left({\pi}^{2} \cdot \left(1 + tau \cdot tau\right)\right), x \cdot x, 1\right) \]

Alternative 15: 71.2% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (* (sin (* x (* PI tau))) (/ 1.0 (* (* x PI) tau))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return sinf((x * (((float) M_PI) * tau))) * (1.0f / ((x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau));
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(sin(Float32(x * Float32(Float32(pi) * tau))) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau)))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = sin((x * (single(pi) * tau))) * (single(1.0) / ((x * single(pi)) * tau));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. associate-*l/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}}}{x \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-/l/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    7. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    8. associate-/l/97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    10. associate-*r*97.0%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 72.6%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}} \]
  5. Final simplification72.6%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \]

Alternative 16: 71.4% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\ \frac{\sin t_1}{t_1} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_1 (* (* x PI) tau))) (/ (sin t_1) t_1)))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	float t_1 = (x * ((float) M_PI)) * tau;
	return sinf(t_1) / t_1;
}
function code(x, tau)
	t_1 = Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * tau)
	return Float32(sin(t_1) / t_1)
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	t_1 = (x * single(pi)) * tau;
	tmp = sin(t_1) / t_1;
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_1 := \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\\
\frac{\sin t_1}{t_1}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-num98.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot \pi}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}} \]
    2. inv-pow98.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{x \cdot \pi}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{-1}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot x}}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{-1} \]
    4. associate-/l*97.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x}}\right)}}^{-1} \]
    5. *-commutative97.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot {\left(\frac{\pi}{\frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}{x}}\right)}^{-1} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr97.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\pi}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{x}}\right)}^{-1}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow-197.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}{x}}}} \]
    2. associate-/r/97.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \cdot x}} \]
    3. associate-*l/98.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot x}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}} \]
  5. Simplified98.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\pi \cdot x}{\sin \left(\pi \cdot x\right)}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in x around 0 72.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \color{blue}{1} \]
  7. Final simplification72.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \]

Alternative 17: 65.1% accurate, 2.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 1 + \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau)
 :precision binary32
 (+ 1.0 (* (* x PI) (* x (* PI -0.16666666666666666)))))
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return 1.0f + ((x * ((float) M_PI)) * (x * (((float) M_PI) * -0.16666666666666666f)));
}
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(x * Float32(pi)) * Float32(x * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.16666666666666666)))))
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = single(1.0) + ((x * single(pi)) * (x * (single(pi) * single(-0.16666666666666666))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
1 + \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi}} \]
    2. associate-*l/98.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}}}{x \cdot \pi} \]
    3. associate-/l/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)} \]
    6. associate-*r*97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    7. associate-/r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    8. associate-/l/97.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    10. associate-*r*97.0%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 86.4%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau} + \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-def86.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi \cdot x}{tau}, \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right)} \]
    2. associate-/l*86.4%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}}, \frac{1}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \]
    3. associate-*r*86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right) \cdot \pi}}\right) \]
    4. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot tau\right)} \cdot \pi}\right) \]
    5. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(x \cdot tau\right)}}\right) \]
    6. *-commutative86.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\left(tau \cdot x\right)}}\right) \]
  6. Simplified86.3%

    \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(-0.16666666666666666, \frac{\pi}{\frac{tau}{x}}, \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(tau \cdot x\right)}\right)} \]
  7. Taylor expanded in tau around 0 67.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative67.0%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative67.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right)} \]
    3. associate-/l/66.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\pi}} + -0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \]
    4. distribute-rgt-in66.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\pi} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)} \]
    5. associate-/l/67.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\pi \cdot x}} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \]
    6. unpow-167.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{-1}} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \]
    7. pow-plus67.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{\left(-1 + 1\right)}} + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \]
    8. metadata-eval67.0%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\pi \cdot x\right)}^{\color{blue}{0}} + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \]
    9. metadata-eval67.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} + \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right)\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \]
    10. associate-*r*67.0%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot x\right)} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \]
    11. *-commutative67.0%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot x\right) \]
    12. *-commutative67.0%

      \[\leadsto 1 + \left(x \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right)} \]
  9. Simplified67.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + \left(x \cdot \left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)} \]
  10. Final simplification67.0%

    \[\leadsto 1 + \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.16666666666666666\right)\right) \]

Alternative 18: 64.1% accurate, 615.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 1 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x tau) :precision binary32 1.0)
float code(float x, float tau) {
	return 1.0f;
}
real(4) function code(x, tau)
    real(4), intent (in) :: x
    real(4), intent (in) :: tau
    code = 1.0e0
end function
function code(x, tau)
	return Float32(1.0)
end
function tmp = code(x, tau)
	tmp = single(1.0);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
1
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.1%

    \[\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}{x \cdot \pi} \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    2. times-frac98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r/98.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}} \]
    4. associate-*r*97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot tau}} \]
    5. associate-/r*97.7%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)}}{tau}} \]
    6. associate-/l/97.6%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sin \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot tau\right)}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*l*97.3%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}}{tau \cdot \left(\left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
    8. swap-sqr97.1%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)}} \]
    9. associate-*r*97.2%

      \[\leadsto \sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  3. Simplified97.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin \left(x \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{\sin \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot tau\right)\right)}{tau \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(x \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in x around 0 65.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1} \]
  5. Final simplification65.9%

    \[\leadsto 1 \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023240 
(FPCore (x tau)
  :name "Lanczos kernel"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (<= 1e-5 x) (<= x 1.0)) (and (<= 1.0 tau) (<= tau 5.0)))
  (* (/ (sin (* (* x PI) tau)) (* (* x PI) tau)) (/ (sin (* x PI)) (* x PI))))