
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log s) (log PI))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (logf(s) - logf(((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(log(s) - log(Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (log(s) - log(single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\log s - \log \pi\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.9%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.4%
Final simplification25.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (log (/ s PI))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * logf((s / ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * log(Float32(s / Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * log((s / single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \log \left(\frac{s}{\pi}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.9%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 25.1%
Simplified25.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 25.4%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 25.3%
log-rec25.4%
distribute-rgt-neg-in25.4%
mul-1-neg25.4%
remove-double-neg25.4%
log-div25.4%
Simplified25.4%
Final simplification25.4%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (if (<= s 9.999999682655225e-21) (* s 0.0) (* s (* -4.0 (/ (* PI (- 0.25 (* u 0.5))) s)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float tmp;
if (s <= 9.999999682655225e-21f) {
tmp = s * 0.0f;
} else {
tmp = s * (-4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * (0.25f - (u * 0.5f))) / s));
}
return tmp;
}
function code(u, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (s <= Float32(9.999999682655225e-21)) tmp = Float32(s * Float32(0.0)); else tmp = Float32(s * Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(0.25) - Float32(u * Float32(0.5)))) / s))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(u, s) tmp = single(0.0); if (s <= single(9.999999682655225e-21)) tmp = s * single(0.0); else tmp = s * (single(-4.0) * ((single(pi) * (single(0.25) - (u * single(0.5)))) / s)); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;s \leq 9.999999682655225 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
\;\;\;\;s \cdot 0\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;s \cdot \left(-4 \cdot \frac{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - u \cdot 0.5\right)}{s}\right)\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if s < 9.99999968e-21Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 14.4%
if 9.99999968e-21 < s Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 27.6%
+-commutative27.6%
log1p-udef27.6%
expm1-log1p-u27.6%
*-rgt-identity27.6%
*-rgt-identity27.6%
div-inv27.6%
Applied egg-rr27.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 15.3%
Final simplification14.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (if (<= s 9.999999682655225e-21) (* s 0.0) (* 4.0 (* PI (+ (* u 0.5) -0.25)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float tmp;
if (s <= 9.999999682655225e-21f) {
tmp = s * 0.0f;
} else {
tmp = 4.0f * (((float) M_PI) * ((u * 0.5f) + -0.25f));
}
return tmp;
}
function code(u, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (s <= Float32(9.999999682655225e-21)) tmp = Float32(s * Float32(0.0)); else tmp = Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(u * Float32(0.5)) + Float32(-0.25)))); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(u, s) tmp = single(0.0); if (s <= single(9.999999682655225e-21)) tmp = s * single(0.0); else tmp = single(4.0) * (single(pi) * ((u * single(0.5)) + single(-0.25))); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;s \leq 9.999999682655225 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
\;\;\;\;s \cdot 0\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(u \cdot 0.5 + -0.25\right)\right)\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if s < 9.99999968e-21Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 14.4%
if 9.99999968e-21 < s Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 15.3%
associate--r+15.3%
cancel-sign-sub-inv15.3%
distribute-rgt-out--15.3%
*-commutative15.3%
metadata-eval15.3%
metadata-eval15.3%
*-commutative15.3%
Simplified15.3%
associate-*l*15.3%
distribute-lft-out15.3%
Applied egg-rr15.3%
Final simplification14.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (if (<= s 9.999999682655225e-21) (* s 0.0) (- PI)))
float code(float u, float s) {
float tmp;
if (s <= 9.999999682655225e-21f) {
tmp = s * 0.0f;
} else {
tmp = -((float) M_PI);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(u, s) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (s <= Float32(9.999999682655225e-21)) tmp = Float32(s * Float32(0.0)); else tmp = Float32(-Float32(pi)); end return tmp end
function tmp_2 = code(u, s) tmp = single(0.0); if (s <= single(9.999999682655225e-21)) tmp = s * single(0.0); else tmp = -single(pi); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;s \leq 9.999999682655225 \cdot 10^{-21}:\\
\;\;\;\;s \cdot 0\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-\pi\\
\end{array}
\end{array}
if s < 9.99999968e-21Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 14.4%
if 9.99999968e-21 < s Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 14.9%
mul-1-neg14.9%
Simplified14.9%
Final simplification14.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.2%
mul-1-neg11.2%
Simplified11.2%
Final simplification11.2%
herbie shell --seed 2023238
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))