Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]

Percentage Accurate: 98.9% → 98.9%
Time: 24.7s
Alternatives: 7
Speedup: 1.4×

Specification

?
\[\left(2.328306437 \cdot 10^{-10} \leq u \land u \leq 1\right) \land \left(0 \leq s \land s \leq 1.0651631\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\ \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
   (*
    (- s)
    (log
     (-
      (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
      1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
	float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
	return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))
	return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0))))
end
function tmp = code(u, s)
	t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)));
	tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 7 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\ \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
   (*
    (- s)
    (log
     (-
      (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
      1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
	float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
	return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))
	return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0))))
end
function tmp = code(u, s)
	t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)));
	tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.9% accurate, 0.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\ s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{{t_0}^{-2} + -1}{\frac{1}{t_0} - -1}\right)\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s)
 :precision binary32
 (let* ((t_0
         (+
          (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))
          (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))
   (* s (- (log (/ (+ (pow t_0 -2.0) -1.0) (- (/ 1.0 t_0) -1.0)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
	float t_0 = (u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))));
	return s * -logf(((powf(t_0, -2.0f) + -1.0f) / ((1.0f / t_0) - -1.0f)));
}
function code(u, s)
	t_0 = Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))
	return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32((t_0 ^ Float32(-2.0)) + Float32(-1.0)) / Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / t_0) - Float32(-1.0))))))
end
function tmp = code(u, s)
	t_0 = (u / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))));
	tmp = s * -log((((t_0 ^ single(-2.0)) + single(-1.0)) / ((single(1.0) / t_0) - single(-1.0))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{{t_0}^{-2} + -1}{\frac{1}{t_0} - -1}\right)\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-s \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + \left(-1\right)\right)}\right) \]
  3. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. flip-+98.8%

      \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - -1 \cdot -1}{\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - -1}\right)}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr99.0%

    \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{\left(\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right)}^{-2} - 1}{\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - -1}\right)}\right) \]
  6. Final simplification99.0%

    \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{{\left(\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right)}^{-2} + -1}{\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - -1}\right)\right) \]

Alternative 2: 98.9% accurate, 1.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (- s)
  (log
   (+
    -1.0
    (/
     1.0
     (fma
      (- 1.0 u)
      (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))
      (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
	return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / fmaf((1.0f - u), (1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))), (u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s)
	return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / fma(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u), Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))), Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))))))))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. sub-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + \left(-1\right)\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u, -1, 1\right), \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)} + -1\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u96.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u, -1, 1\right), \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)} + -1\right)\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef21.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u, -1, 1\right), \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)} + -1\right)\right)} - 1} \]
    3. +-commutative21.3%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u, -1, 1\right), \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right)}\right)} - 1 \]
  5. Applied egg-rr21.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u, -1, 1\right), \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right)\right)} - 1} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def96.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u, -1, 1\right), \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right)\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(u, -1, 1\right), \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right)} \]
    3. fma-udef98.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{u \cdot -1 + 1}, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right) \]
    4. *-commutative98.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{-1 \cdot u} + 1, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right) \]
    5. +-commutative98.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1 + -1 \cdot u}, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right) \]
    6. mul-1-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-u\right)}, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right) \]
    7. sub-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{1 - u}, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right) \]
  7. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification98.8%

    \[\leadsto \left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(1 - u, \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}, \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}\right)}\right) \]

Alternative 3: 98.9% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  s
  (-
   (log
    (+
     (/
      1.0
      (+
       (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))
       (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
     -1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
	return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s)
	return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0)))))
end
function tmp = code(u, s)
	tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-s \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + \left(-1\right)\right)}\right) \]
  3. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)} \]
  4. Final simplification98.8%

    \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right) \]

Alternative 4: 24.9% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ s \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 + -4 \cdot \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 + \pi \cdot 0.25\right)}{s}\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  s
  (-
   (log
    (+
     1.0
     (*
      -4.0
      (/ (- (* 0.25 (* u PI)) (+ (* (* u PI) -0.25) (* PI 0.25))) s)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
	return s * -logf((1.0f + (-4.0f * (((0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) - (((u * ((float) M_PI)) * -0.25f) + (((float) M_PI) * 0.25f))) / s))));
}
function code(u, s)
	return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(-4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(0.25)))) / s))))))
end
function tmp = code(u, s)
	tmp = s * -log((single(1.0) + (single(-4.0) * (((single(0.25) * (u * single(pi))) - (((u * single(pi)) * single(-0.25)) + (single(pi) * single(0.25)))) / s))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 + -4 \cdot \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 + \pi \cdot 0.25\right)}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-s \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + \left(-1\right)\right)}\right) \]
  3. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.1%

    \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(-4 \cdot \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(-0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) + 0.25 \cdot \pi\right)}{s} + 1\right)}\right) \]
  5. Final simplification24.1%

    \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \left(1 + -4 \cdot \frac{0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 + \pi \cdot 0.25\right)}{s}\right)\right) \]

Alternative 5: 11.4% accurate, 2.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 + \pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right) \cdot 4 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s)
 :precision binary32
 (* (- (* 0.25 (* u PI)) (+ (* (* u PI) -0.25) (* PI 0.25))) 4.0))
float code(float u, float s) {
	return ((0.25f * (u * ((float) M_PI))) - (((u * ((float) M_PI)) * -0.25f) + (((float) M_PI) * 0.25f))) * 4.0f;
}
function code(u, s)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * Float32(u * Float32(pi))) - Float32(Float32(Float32(u * Float32(pi)) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(0.25)))) * Float32(4.0))
end
function tmp = code(u, s)
	tmp = ((single(0.25) * (u * single(pi))) - (((u * single(pi)) * single(-0.25)) + (single(pi) * single(0.25)))) * single(4.0);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 + \pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right) \cdot 4
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-s \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + \left(-1\right)\right)}\right) \]
  3. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in s around inf 11.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{4 \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(-0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) + 0.25 \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification11.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(0.25 \cdot \left(u \cdot \pi\right) - \left(\left(u \cdot \pi\right) \cdot -0.25 + \pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right) \cdot 4 \]

Alternative 6: 11.2% accurate, 2.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -{\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi}\right)}^{3} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- (pow (cbrt PI) 3.0)))
float code(float u, float s) {
	return -powf(cbrtf(((float) M_PI)), 3.0f);
}
function code(u, s)
	return Float32(-(cbrt(Float32(pi)) ^ Float32(3.0)))
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-{\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi}\right)}^{3}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-s \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + \left(-1\right)\right)}\right) \]
  3. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \pi} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-110.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\pi} \]
  6. Simplified10.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\pi} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-cube-cbrt10.9%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\pi}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\pi}} \]
    2. pow310.9%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi}\right)}^{3}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr10.9%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi}\right)}^{3}} \]
  9. Final simplification10.9%

    \[\leadsto -{\left(\sqrt[3]{\pi}\right)}^{3} \]

Alternative 7: 11.2% accurate, 7.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -\pi \end{array} \]
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
	return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s)
	return Float32(-Float32(pi))
end
function tmp = code(u, s)
	tmp = -single(pi);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.8%

    \[\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-s \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} - 1\right)\right)} \]
    3. sub-neg98.8%

      \[\leadsto s \cdot \left(-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\right) + \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + \left(-1\right)\right)}\right) \]
  3. Simplified98.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \pi} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. neg-mul-110.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\pi} \]
  6. Simplified10.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\pi} \]
  7. Final simplification10.9%

    \[\leadsto -\pi \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023230 
(FPCore (u s)
  :name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
  (* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))