Simplification of discriminant from scale-rotated-ellipse

Percentage Accurate: 24.5% → 82.9%
Time: 1.5min
Alternatives: 4
Speedup: 2485.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t_0\\ t_2 := \cos t_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t_1\right) \cdot t_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_3 \cdot t_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
          y-scale)))
   (-
    (* t_3 t_3)
    (*
     (*
      4.0
      (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
     (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	return Float64(Float64(t_3 * t_3) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	tmp = (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(t$95$3 * t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t_0\\
t_2 := \cos t_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t_1\right) \cdot t_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_3 \cdot t_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 4 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 24.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\ t_1 := \sin t_0\\ t_2 := \cos t_0\\ t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t_1\right) \cdot t_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\ t_3 \cdot t_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))
        (t_1 (sin t_0))
        (t_2 (cos t_0))
        (t_3
         (/
          (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) t_1) t_2) x-scale)
          y-scale)))
   (-
    (* t_3 t_3)
    (*
     (*
      4.0
      (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_1) 2.0) (pow (* b t_2) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale))
     (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a t_2) 2.0) (pow (* b t_1) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale)))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * ((double) M_PI);
	double t_1 = sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (pow(b, 2.0) - pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * Math.PI;
	double t_1 = Math.sin(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.cos(t_0);
	double t_3 = ((((2.0 * (Math.pow(b, 2.0) - Math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((Math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((Math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + Math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * math.pi
	t_1 = math.sin(t_0)
	t_2 = math.cos(t_0)
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * (math.pow(b, 2.0) - math.pow(a, 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale
	return (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((math.pow((a * t_1), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_2), 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((math.pow((a * t_2), 2.0) + math.pow((b * t_1), 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(angle / 180.0) * pi)
	t_1 = sin(t_0)
	t_2 = cos(t_0)
	t_3 = Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * Float64((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale)
	return Float64(Float64(t_3 * t_3) - Float64(Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(Float64((Float64(a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + (Float64(b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	t_0 = (angle / 180.0) * pi;
	t_1 = sin(t_0);
	t_2 = cos(t_0);
	t_3 = ((((2.0 * ((b ^ 2.0) - (a ^ 2.0))) * t_1) * t_2) / x_45_scale) / y_45_scale;
	tmp = (t_3 * t_3) - ((4.0 * (((((a * t_1) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_2) ^ 2.0)) / x_45_scale) / x_45_scale)) * (((((a * t_2) ^ 2.0) + ((b * t_1) ^ 2.0)) / y_45_scale) / y_45_scale));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(angle / 180.0), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Sin[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Cos[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$3 = N[(N[(N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[(N[Power[b, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] - N[Power[a, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision] * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[(t$95$3 * t$95$3), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[(4.0 * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[(N[Power[N[(a * t$95$2), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[Power[N[(b * t$95$1), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\\
t_1 := \sin t_0\\
t_2 := \cos t_0\\
t_3 := \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot t_1\right) \cdot t_2}{x-scale}}{y-scale}\\
t_3 \cdot t_3 - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_1\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_2\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot t_2\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot t_1\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 82.9% accurate, 146.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}{a \cdot b}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (* -4.0 (/ (* a b) (/ (* (* x-scale y-scale) (* x-scale y-scale)) (* a b)))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return -4.0 * ((a * b) / (((x_45_scale * y_45_scale) * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) / (a * b)));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
    code = (-4.0d0) * ((a * b) / (((x_45scale * y_45scale) * (x_45scale * y_45scale)) / (a * b)))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return -4.0 * ((a * b) / (((x_45_scale * y_45_scale) * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) / (a * b)));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	return -4.0 * ((a * b) / (((x_45_scale * y_45_scale) * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) / (a * b)))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	return Float64(-4.0 * Float64(Float64(a * b) / Float64(Float64(Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale) * Float64(x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) / Float64(a * b))))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = -4.0 * ((a * b) / (((x_45_scale * y_45_scale) * (x_45_scale * y_45_scale)) / (a * b)));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(-4.0 * N[(N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(x$45$scale * y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}{a \cdot b}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 21.2%

    \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
  2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 47.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative47.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{{b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \]
    2. *-commutative47.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{{b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}}{\color{blue}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
    3. times-frac48.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)} \]
    4. unpow248.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}{{x-scale}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
    5. unpow248.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{b \cdot b}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}} \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
    6. times-frac60.6%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)} \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
    7. unpow260.6%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{a \cdot a}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
    8. unpow260.6%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}}\right) \]
  4. Simplified60.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity60.6%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
    2. times-frac76.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr76.3%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)\right)}\right) \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity76.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
  8. Simplified76.3%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
  9. Taylor expanded in b around 0 47.4%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow247.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \]
    2. unpow247.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\left(a \cdot a\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \]
    3. swap-sqr60.0%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \]
    4. *-commutative60.0%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}{\color{blue}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
    5. associate-/l*66.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}{a \cdot b}}} \]
    6. unpow266.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right)} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}{a \cdot b}} \]
    7. unpow266.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\left(x-scale \cdot x-scale\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. swap-sqr86.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}}{a \cdot b}} \]
    9. unpow286.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}^{2}}}{a \cdot b}} \]
    10. *-commutative86.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}}^{2}}{a \cdot b}} \]
  11. Simplified86.5%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}^{2}}{a \cdot b}}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow286.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right) \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}}{a \cdot b}} \]
    2. *-commutative86.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)} \cdot \left(y-scale \cdot x-scale\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]
    3. *-commutative86.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}}{a \cdot b}} \]
  13. Applied egg-rr86.5%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}}{a \cdot b}} \]
  14. Final simplification86.5%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{a \cdot b}{\frac{\left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right) \cdot \left(x-scale \cdot y-scale\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]

Alternative 2: 48.9% accurate, 130.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-158}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b 2.8e-158)
   0.0
   (*
    -4.0
    (* (* (/ a y-scale) (/ a y-scale)) (/ (* b b) (* x-scale x-scale))))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 2.8e-158) {
		tmp = 0.0;
	} else {
		tmp = -4.0 * (((a / y_45_scale) * (a / y_45_scale)) * ((b * b) / (x_45_scale * x_45_scale)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (b <= 2.8d-158) then
        tmp = 0.0d0
    else
        tmp = (-4.0d0) * (((a / y_45scale) * (a / y_45scale)) * ((b * b) / (x_45scale * x_45scale)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= 2.8e-158) {
		tmp = 0.0;
	} else {
		tmp = -4.0 * (((a / y_45_scale) * (a / y_45_scale)) * ((b * b) / (x_45_scale * x_45_scale)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	tmp = 0
	if b <= 2.8e-158:
		tmp = 0.0
	else:
		tmp = -4.0 * (((a / y_45_scale) * (a / y_45_scale)) * ((b * b) / (x_45_scale * x_45_scale)))
	return tmp
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (b <= 2.8e-158)
		tmp = 0.0;
	else
		tmp = Float64(-4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(a / y_45_scale) * Float64(a / y_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(b * b) / Float64(x_45_scale * x_45_scale))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (b <= 2.8e-158)
		tmp = 0.0;
	else
		tmp = -4.0 * (((a / y_45_scale) * (a / y_45_scale)) * ((b * b) / (x_45_scale * x_45_scale)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := If[LessEqual[b, 2.8e-158], 0.0, N[(-4.0 * N[(N[(N[(a / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x$45$scale * x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-158}:\\
\;\;\;\;0\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < 2.80000000000000002e-158

    1. Initial program 25.5%

      \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. fma-neg26.3%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}, \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}, -\left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)} \]
    3. Simplified20.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}, \frac{\left(2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}, \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot -4\right)\right)} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in b around 0 20.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} + -4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative20.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \cdot 4} + -4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
      2. *-commutative20.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \cdot 4 + \color{blue}{\frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \cdot -4} \]
      3. *-commutative20.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \cdot 4 + \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}}} \cdot -4 \]
      4. distribute-lft-out20.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \cdot \left(4 + -4\right)} \]
    6. Simplified36.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]

    if 2.80000000000000002e-158 < b

    1. Initial program 15.2%

      \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 58.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}}} \]
    3. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac59.5%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right)} \]
      2. unpow259.5%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{a \cdot a}}{{y-scale}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
      3. unpow259.5%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot a}{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}} \cdot \frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
      4. unpow259.5%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}{{x-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
      5. unpow259.5%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}}\right) \]
    4. Simplified59.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(\frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)} \]
    5. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-un-lft-identity71.9%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
      2. times-frac83.7%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)}\right)\right) \]
    6. Applied egg-rr69.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right) \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-lft-identity83.7%

        \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
    8. Simplified69.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)} \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right) \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification50.1%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq 2.8 \cdot 10^{-158}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{b \cdot b}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 3: 77.6% accurate, 146.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
 :precision binary64
 (* -4.0 (* (* (/ b x-scale) (/ b x-scale)) (* (/ a y-scale) (/ a y-scale)))))
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return -4.0 * (((b / x_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale)) * ((a / y_45_scale) * (a / y_45_scale)));
}
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
    code = (-4.0d0) * (((b / x_45scale) * (b / x_45scale)) * ((a / y_45scale) * (a / y_45scale)))
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return -4.0 * (((b / x_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale)) * ((a / y_45_scale) * (a / y_45_scale)));
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	return -4.0 * (((b / x_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale)) * ((a / y_45_scale) * (a / y_45_scale)))
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	return Float64(-4.0 * Float64(Float64(Float64(b / x_45_scale) * Float64(b / x_45_scale)) * Float64(Float64(a / y_45_scale) * Float64(a / y_45_scale))))
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = -4.0 * (((b / x_45_scale) * (b / x_45_scale)) * ((a / y_45_scale) * (a / y_45_scale)));
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := N[(-4.0 * N[(N[(N[(b / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(b / x$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(a / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision] * N[(a / y$45$scale), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
-4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 21.2%

    \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
  2. Taylor expanded in angle around 0 47.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{2} \cdot {b}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative47.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{{b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}}}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \]
    2. *-commutative47.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{{b}^{2} \cdot {a}^{2}}{\color{blue}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
    3. times-frac48.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{{b}^{2}}{{x-scale}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right)} \]
    4. unpow248.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{b \cdot b}}{{x-scale}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
    5. unpow248.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\frac{b \cdot b}{\color{blue}{x-scale \cdot x-scale}} \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
    6. times-frac60.6%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right)} \cdot \frac{{a}^{2}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
    7. unpow260.6%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{a \cdot a}}{{y-scale}^{2}}\right) \]
    8. unpow260.6%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{\color{blue}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}}\right) \]
  4. Simplified60.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity60.6%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \frac{a \cdot a}{y-scale \cdot y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
    2. times-frac76.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \left(1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr76.3%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)\right)}\right) \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity76.3%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
  8. Simplified76.3%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)}\right) \]
  9. Final simplification76.3%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left(\left(\frac{b}{x-scale} \cdot \frac{b}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{a}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{a}{y-scale}\right)\right) \]

Alternative 4: 34.9% accurate, 2485.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0 \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale) :precision binary64 0.0)
double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return 0.0;
}
real(8) function code(a, b, angle, x_45scale, y_45scale)
    real(8), intent (in) :: a
    real(8), intent (in) :: b
    real(8), intent (in) :: angle
    real(8), intent (in) :: x_45scale
    real(8), intent (in) :: y_45scale
    code = 0.0d0
end function
public static double code(double a, double b, double angle, double x_45_scale, double y_45_scale) {
	return 0.0;
}
def code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale):
	return 0.0
function code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	return 0.0
end
function tmp = code(a, b, angle, x_45_scale, y_45_scale)
	tmp = 0.0;
end
code[a_, b_, angle_, x$45$scale_, y$45$scale_] := 0.0
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 21.2%

    \[\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale} - \left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-neg22.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}, \frac{\frac{\left(\left(2 \cdot \left({b}^{2} - {a}^{2}\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}}{y-scale}, -\left(4 \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale}}{x-scale}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale}}{y-scale}\right)} \]
  3. Simplified19.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{\left(2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}, \frac{\left(2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{y-scale} \cdot \frac{\cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)}{x-scale}, \frac{{\left(a \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{y-scale \cdot y-scale} \cdot \left(\frac{{\left(a \cdot \sin \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} + {\left(b \cdot \cos \left(\frac{angle}{180} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}}{x-scale \cdot x-scale} \cdot -4\right)\right)} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in b around 0 21.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} + -4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative21.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \cdot 4} + -4 \cdot \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \]
    2. *-commutative21.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \cdot 4 + \color{blue}{\frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{x-scale}^{2} \cdot {y-scale}^{2}} \cdot -4} \]
    3. *-commutative21.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \cdot 4 + \frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}}} \cdot -4 \]
    4. distribute-lft-out21.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{a}^{4} \cdot \left({\cos \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2} \cdot {\sin \left(0.005555555555555556 \cdot \left(angle \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{2}\right)}{{y-scale}^{2} \cdot {x-scale}^{2}} \cdot \left(4 + -4\right)} \]
  6. Simplified31.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0} \]
  7. Final simplification31.8%

    \[\leadsto 0 \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023230 
(FPCore (a b angle x-scale y-scale)
  :name "Simplification of discriminant from scale-rotated-ellipse"
  :precision binary64
  (- (* (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale) (/ (/ (* (* (* 2.0 (- (pow b 2.0) (pow a 2.0))) (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) x-scale) y-scale)) (* (* 4.0 (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) x-scale) x-scale)) (/ (/ (+ (pow (* a (cos (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0) (pow (* b (sin (* (/ angle 180.0) PI))) 2.0)) y-scale) y-scale))))