VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)

Percentage Accurate: 6.8% → 96.5%
Time: 32.7s
Alternatives: 7
Speedup: 3.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\ t_1 := e^{t_0}\\ t_2 := e^{-t_0}\\ -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t_1 + t_2}{t_1 - t_2}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (t_1 (exp t_0)) (t_2 (exp (- t_0))))
   (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ t_1 t_2) (- t_1 t_2)))))))
double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = (((double) M_PI) / 4.0) * f;
	double t_1 = exp(t_0);
	double t_2 = exp(-t_0);
	return -((1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = (Math.PI / 4.0) * f;
	double t_1 = Math.exp(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.exp(-t_0);
	return -((1.0 / (Math.PI / 4.0)) * Math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
def code(f):
	t_0 = (math.pi / 4.0) * f
	t_1 = math.exp(t_0)
	t_2 = math.exp(-t_0)
	return -((1.0 / (math.pi / 4.0)) * math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))))
function code(f)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(pi / 4.0) * f)
	t_1 = exp(t_0)
	t_2 = exp(Float64(-t_0))
	return Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)) * log(Float64(Float64(t_1 + t_2) / Float64(t_1 - t_2)))))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	t_0 = (pi / 4.0) * f;
	t_1 = exp(t_0);
	t_2 = exp(-t_0);
	tmp = -((1.0 / (pi / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
end
code[f_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Exp[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Exp[(-t$95$0)], $MachinePrecision]}, (-N[(N[(1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[N[(N[(t$95$1 + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$1 - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision])]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\
t_1 := e^{t_0}\\
t_2 := e^{-t_0}\\
-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t_1 + t_2}{t_1 - t_2}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 7 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 6.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\ t_1 := e^{t_0}\\ t_2 := e^{-t_0}\\ -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t_1 + t_2}{t_1 - t_2}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (t_1 (exp t_0)) (t_2 (exp (- t_0))))
   (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ t_1 t_2) (- t_1 t_2)))))))
double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = (((double) M_PI) / 4.0) * f;
	double t_1 = exp(t_0);
	double t_2 = exp(-t_0);
	return -((1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = (Math.PI / 4.0) * f;
	double t_1 = Math.exp(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.exp(-t_0);
	return -((1.0 / (Math.PI / 4.0)) * Math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
def code(f):
	t_0 = (math.pi / 4.0) * f
	t_1 = math.exp(t_0)
	t_2 = math.exp(-t_0)
	return -((1.0 / (math.pi / 4.0)) * math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))))
function code(f)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(pi / 4.0) * f)
	t_1 = exp(t_0)
	t_2 = exp(Float64(-t_0))
	return Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)) * log(Float64(Float64(t_1 + t_2) / Float64(t_1 - t_2)))))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	t_0 = (pi / 4.0) * f;
	t_1 = exp(t_0);
	t_2 = exp(-t_0);
	tmp = -((1.0 / (pi / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
end
code[f_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Exp[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Exp[(-t$95$0)], $MachinePrecision]}, (-N[(N[(1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[N[(N[(t$95$1 + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$1 - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision])]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\
t_1 := e^{t_0}\\
t_2 := e^{-t_0}\\
-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t_1 + t_2}{t_1 - t_2}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.5% accurate, 0.8× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(\left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.005208333333333333 \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (-
   (log
    (/
     (* 2.0 (cosh (* (* PI 0.25) f)))
     (fma
      (pow f 5.0)
      (* (pow PI 5.0) 1.6276041666666666e-5)
      (fma
       (* PI 0.5)
       f
       (* (pow PI 3.0) (* 0.005208333333333333 (pow f 3.0))))))))
  (* PI 0.25)))
double code(double f) {
	return -log(((2.0 * cosh(((((double) M_PI) * 0.25) * f))) / fma(pow(f, 5.0), (pow(((double) M_PI), 5.0) * 1.6276041666666666e-5), fma((((double) M_PI) * 0.5), f, (pow(((double) M_PI), 3.0) * (0.005208333333333333 * pow(f, 3.0))))))) / (((double) M_PI) * 0.25);
}
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(-log(Float64(Float64(2.0 * cosh(Float64(Float64(pi * 0.25) * f))) / fma((f ^ 5.0), Float64((pi ^ 5.0) * 1.6276041666666666e-5), fma(Float64(pi * 0.5), f, Float64((pi ^ 3.0) * Float64(0.005208333333333333 * (f ^ 3.0)))))))) / Float64(pi * 0.25))
end
code[f_] := N[((-N[Log[N[(N[(2.0 * N[Cosh[N[(N[(Pi * 0.25), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[Power[f, 5.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Power[Pi, 5.0], $MachinePrecision] * 1.6276041666666666e-5), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] * f + N[(N[Power[Pi, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.005208333333333333 * N[Power[f, 3.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]) / N[(Pi * 0.25), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(\left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.005208333333333333 \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{{f}^{5} \cdot \left(8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5}\right) + \left(\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-def96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, 8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    2. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, \color{blue}{{\pi}^{5} \cdot \left(8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6}\right)}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot \color{blue}{1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. fma-def96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    5. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    6. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    7. *-commutative96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{\left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right) \cdot {f}^{3}}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    8. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{\left({\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 - -0.0026041666666666665\right)\right)} \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. associate-*l*96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{{\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(\left(0.0026041666666666665 - -0.0026041666666666665\right) \cdot {f}^{3}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{0.005208333333333333} \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
  4. Simplified96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.005208333333333333 \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}}\right) \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/96.5%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.005208333333333333 \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\frac{\pi}{4}}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr96.5%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(\left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.005208333333333333 \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25}} \]
  7. Final simplification96.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(\left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot f\right)}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.005208333333333333 \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25} \]

Alternative 2: 96.3% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{f \cdot 0}{\pi} - \mathsf{fma}\left(2, \frac{f \cdot f}{\frac{\pi}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, {\pi}^{2} \cdot 0.08333333333333333, 0\right)}}, \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (-
  (/ (* f 0.0) PI)
  (fma
   2.0
   (/ (* f f) (/ PI (fma 0.5 (* (pow PI 2.0) 0.08333333333333333) 0.0)))
   (/ (log (/ 4.0 (* PI f))) (* PI 0.25)))))
double code(double f) {
	return ((f * 0.0) / ((double) M_PI)) - fma(2.0, ((f * f) / (((double) M_PI) / fma(0.5, (pow(((double) M_PI), 2.0) * 0.08333333333333333), 0.0))), (log((4.0 / (((double) M_PI) * f))) / (((double) M_PI) * 0.25)));
}
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(f * 0.0) / pi) - fma(2.0, Float64(Float64(f * f) / Float64(pi / fma(0.5, Float64((pi ^ 2.0) * 0.08333333333333333), 0.0))), Float64(log(Float64(4.0 / Float64(pi * f))) / Float64(pi * 0.25))))
end
code[f_] := N[(N[(N[(f * 0.0), $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision] - N[(2.0 * N[(N[(f * f), $MachinePrecision] / N[(Pi / N[(0.5 * N[(N[Power[Pi, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.08333333333333333), $MachinePrecision] + 0.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Log[N[(4.0 / N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[(Pi * 0.25), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{f \cdot 0}{\pi} - \mathsf{fma}\left(2, \frac{f \cdot f}{\frac{\pi}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, {\pi}^{2} \cdot 0.08333333333333333, 0\right)}}, \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25}\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{{f}^{5} \cdot \left(8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5}\right) + \left(\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-def96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, 8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    2. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, \color{blue}{{\pi}^{5} \cdot \left(8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6}\right)}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot \color{blue}{1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. fma-def96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    5. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    6. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    7. *-commutative96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{\left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right) \cdot {f}^{3}}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    8. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{\left({\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 - -0.0026041666666666665\right)\right)} \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. associate-*l*96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{{\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(\left(0.0026041666666666665 - -0.0026041666666666665\right) \cdot {f}^{3}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{0.005208333333333333} \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
  4. Simplified96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.005208333333333333 \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{\left(-0.25 \cdot \pi + 0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f}{\pi} + \left(4 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \log f + \log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right)}{\pi} + 2 \cdot \frac{{f}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(-0.25 \cdot \pi + 0.25 \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} + 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \pi - 0.041666666666666664 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\pi}\right)\right)} \]
  6. Simplified96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\left(\frac{f \cdot 0}{\pi} + \mathsf{fma}\left(2, \frac{f \cdot f}{\frac{\pi}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, {\pi}^{2} \cdot 0.08333333333333333, 0\right)}}, \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25}\right)\right)} \]
  7. Final simplification96.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{f \cdot 0}{\pi} - \mathsf{fma}\left(2, \frac{f \cdot f}{\frac{\pi}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, {\pi}^{2} \cdot 0.08333333333333333, 0\right)}}, \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25}\right) \]

Alternative 3: 96.1% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(f \cdot f\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, {\pi}^{2} \cdot 0.08333333333333333, 0\right), f \cdot 0\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (+
   (log (/ 4.0 (* PI f)))
   (fma
    (* 0.5 (* f f))
    (fma 0.5 (* (pow PI 2.0) 0.08333333333333333) 0.0)
    (* f 0.0)))
  (/ -1.0 (/ PI 4.0))))
double code(double f) {
	return (log((4.0 / (((double) M_PI) * f))) + fma((0.5 * (f * f)), fma(0.5, (pow(((double) M_PI), 2.0) * 0.08333333333333333), 0.0), (f * 0.0))) * (-1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0));
}
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(log(Float64(4.0 / Float64(pi * f))) + fma(Float64(0.5 * Float64(f * f)), fma(0.5, Float64((pi ^ 2.0) * 0.08333333333333333), 0.0), Float64(f * 0.0))) * Float64(-1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)))
end
code[f_] := N[(N[(N[Log[N[(4.0 / N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(0.5 * N[(f * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(0.5 * N[(N[Power[Pi, 2.0], $MachinePrecision] * 0.08333333333333333), $MachinePrecision] + 0.0), $MachinePrecision] + N[(f * 0.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(-1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(f \cdot f\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, {\pi}^{2} \cdot 0.08333333333333333, 0\right), f \cdot 0\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{\pi}{4}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{{f}^{5} \cdot \left(8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5}\right) + \left(\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. fma-def96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, 8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} \cdot {\pi}^{5}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}}\right) \]
    2. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, \color{blue}{{\pi}^{5} \cdot \left(8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6} - -8.138020833333333 \cdot 10^{-6}\right)}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    3. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot \color{blue}{1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}}, \left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f + {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    4. fma-def96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)}\right)}\right) \]
    5. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    6. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}, f, {f}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
    7. *-commutative96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{\left(0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3} - -0.0026041666666666665 \cdot {\pi}^{3}\right) \cdot {f}^{3}}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    8. distribute-rgt-out--96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{\left({\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.0026041666666666665 - -0.0026041666666666665\right)\right)} \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    9. associate-*l*96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, \color{blue}{{\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(\left(0.0026041666666666665 - -0.0026041666666666665\right) \cdot {f}^{3}\right)}\right)\right)}\right) \]
    10. metadata-eval96.4%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{0.005208333333333333} \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}\right) \]
  4. Simplified96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left({f}^{5}, {\pi}^{5} \cdot 1.6276041666666666 \cdot 10^{-5}, \mathsf{fma}\left(\pi \cdot 0.5, f, {\pi}^{3} \cdot \left(0.005208333333333333 \cdot {f}^{3}\right)\right)\right)}}\right) \]
  5. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.4%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot \left({f}^{2} \cdot \left(-0.25 \cdot {\left(-0.25 \cdot \pi + 0.25 \cdot \pi\right)}^{2} + 0.5 \cdot \left(\left(0.125 \cdot \pi - 0.041666666666666664 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right) + \left(0.5 \cdot \left(f \cdot \left(-0.25 \cdot \pi + 0.25 \cdot \pi\right)\right) + \left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f\right)\right)\right)} \]
  6. Simplified96.3%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(f \cdot f\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, {\pi}^{2} \cdot 0.08333333333333333, 0\right), f \cdot 0\right) + \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)\right)} \]
  7. Final simplification96.3%

    \[\leadsto \left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right) + \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5 \cdot \left(f \cdot f\right), \mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, {\pi}^{2} \cdot 0.08333333333333333, 0\right), f \cdot 0\right)\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \]

Alternative 4: 95.7% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \log \left(\frac{e^{f \cdot \frac{\pi}{4}} + e^{f \cdot \frac{-\pi}{4}}}{f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (log
   (/ (+ (exp (* f (/ PI 4.0))) (exp (* f (/ (- PI) 4.0)))) (* f (* PI 0.5))))
  (/ -1.0 (/ PI 4.0))))
double code(double f) {
	return log(((exp((f * (((double) M_PI) / 4.0))) + exp((f * (-((double) M_PI) / 4.0)))) / (f * (((double) M_PI) * 0.5)))) * (-1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return Math.log(((Math.exp((f * (Math.PI / 4.0))) + Math.exp((f * (-Math.PI / 4.0)))) / (f * (Math.PI * 0.5)))) * (-1.0 / (Math.PI / 4.0));
}
def code(f):
	return math.log(((math.exp((f * (math.pi / 4.0))) + math.exp((f * (-math.pi / 4.0)))) / (f * (math.pi * 0.5)))) * (-1.0 / (math.pi / 4.0))
function code(f)
	return Float64(log(Float64(Float64(exp(Float64(f * Float64(pi / 4.0))) + exp(Float64(f * Float64(Float64(-pi) / 4.0)))) / Float64(f * Float64(pi * 0.5)))) * Float64(-1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = log(((exp((f * (pi / 4.0))) + exp((f * (-pi / 4.0)))) / (f * (pi * 0.5)))) * (-1.0 / (pi / 4.0));
end
code[f_] := N[(N[Log[N[(N[(N[Exp[N[(f * N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] + N[Exp[N[(f * N[((-Pi) / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(f * N[(Pi * 0.5), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[(-1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\log \left(\frac{e^{f \cdot \frac{\pi}{4}} + e^{f \cdot \frac{-\pi}{4}}}{f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{\pi}{4}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 95.6%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f}}\right) \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-rgt-out--95.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)\right)} \cdot f}\right) \]
    2. metadata-eval95.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot f}\right) \]
  4. Simplified95.6%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot f}}\right) \]
  5. Final simplification95.6%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{f \cdot \frac{\pi}{4}} + e^{f \cdot \frac{-\pi}{4}}}{f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{-1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \]

Alternative 5: 95.8% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\pi}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (* -4.0 (log (/ 4.0 (* f (pow (sqrt PI) 2.0))))) PI))
double code(double f) {
	return (-4.0 * log((4.0 / (f * pow(sqrt(((double) M_PI)), 2.0))))) / ((double) M_PI);
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return (-4.0 * Math.log((4.0 / (f * Math.pow(Math.sqrt(Math.PI), 2.0))))) / Math.PI;
}
def code(f):
	return (-4.0 * math.log((4.0 / (f * math.pow(math.sqrt(math.pi), 2.0))))) / math.pi
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(-4.0 * log(Float64(4.0 / Float64(f * (sqrt(pi) ^ 2.0))))) / pi)
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = (-4.0 * log((4.0 / (f * (sqrt(pi) ^ 2.0))))) / pi;
end
code[f_] := N[(N[(-4.0 * N[Log[N[(4.0 / N[(f * N[Power[N[Sqrt[Pi], $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\pi}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{\pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-lft-neg-in7.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}}\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative7.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \left(-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}}\right)} \]
    3. associate-/r/7.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\pi} \cdot 4}\right) \]
    4. associate-*l/7.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 4}{\pi}}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval7.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}\right) \]
    6. distribute-neg-frac7.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\pi}} \]
  3. Simplified7.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{\pi}{4}}\right)}^{f} + {\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(-0.25 \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(e^{\frac{\pi}{4}}\right)}^{f} - {\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(-0.25 \cdot \pi\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{-4}{\pi}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in f around -inf 7.4%

    \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} + e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} - e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)} \cdot \frac{-4}{\pi} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in f around 0 95.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\pi}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/95.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f\right)}{\pi}} \]
  7. Simplified95.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)}{\pi}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt95.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\pi} \cdot \sqrt{\pi}\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    2. pow295.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\pi}\right)}^{2}}}\right)}{\pi} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr95.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{\pi}\right)}^{2}}}\right)}{\pi} \]
  10. Final simplification95.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot {\left(\sqrt{\pi}\right)}^{2}}\right)}{\pi} \]

Alternative 6: 95.8% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right) \cdot -4}{\pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (* (log (/ 4.0 (* PI f))) -4.0) PI))
double code(double f) {
	return (log((4.0 / (((double) M_PI) * f))) * -4.0) / ((double) M_PI);
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return (Math.log((4.0 / (Math.PI * f))) * -4.0) / Math.PI;
}
def code(f):
	return (math.log((4.0 / (math.pi * f))) * -4.0) / math.pi
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(log(Float64(4.0 / Float64(pi * f))) * -4.0) / pi)
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = (log((4.0 / (pi * f))) * -4.0) / pi;
end
code[f_] := N[(N[(N[Log[N[(4.0 / N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * -4.0), $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right) \cdot -4}{\pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. distribute-lft-neg-in7.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}}\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right)} \]
    2. *-commutative7.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \left(-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}}\right)} \]
    3. associate-/r/7.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\pi} \cdot 4}\right) \]
    4. associate-*l/7.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \left(-\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 4}{\pi}}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval7.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \left(-\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}\right) \]
    6. distribute-neg-frac7.4%

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-4}{\pi}} \]
  3. Simplified7.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{{\left(e^{\frac{\pi}{4}}\right)}^{f} + {\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(-0.25 \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(e^{\frac{\pi}{4}}\right)}^{f} - {\left(e^{f}\right)}^{\left(-0.25 \cdot \pi\right)}}\right) \cdot \frac{-4}{\pi}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in f around -inf 7.4%

    \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} + e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} - e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)} \cdot \frac{-4}{\pi} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in f around 0 95.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\pi}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/95.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f\right)}{\pi}} \]
  7. Simplified95.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{-4 \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)}{\pi}} \]
  8. Final simplification95.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right) \cdot -4}{\pi} \]

Alternative 7: 1.6% accurate, 5.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\log \left( 7.62939453125 \cdot 10^{-6} \right) \cdot \left(-4\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (* (log 7.62939453125e-6) (- 4.0)) PI))
double code(double f) {
	return (log(7.62939453125e-6) * -4.0) / ((double) M_PI);
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return (Math.log(7.62939453125e-6) * -4.0) / Math.PI;
}
def code(f):
	return (math.log(7.62939453125e-6) * -4.0) / math.pi
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(log(7.62939453125e-6) * Float64(-4.0)) / pi)
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = (log(7.62939453125e-6) * -4.0) / pi;
end
code[f_] := N[(N[(N[Log[7.62939453125e-6], $MachinePrecision] * (-4.0)), $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\log \left( 7.62939453125 \cdot 10^{-6} \right) \cdot \left(-4\right)}{\pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 7.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Applied egg-rr1.6%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{\color{blue}{262144}}\right) \]
  3. Taylor expanded in f around 0 1.6%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left( 7.62939453125 \cdot 10^{-6} \right)}{\pi}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/1.6%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4 \cdot \log \left( 7.62939453125 \cdot 10^{-6} \right)}{\pi}} \]
  5. Simplified1.6%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4 \cdot \log \left( 7.62939453125 \cdot 10^{-6} \right)}{\pi}} \]
  6. Final simplification1.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\log \left( 7.62939453125 \cdot 10^{-6} \right) \cdot \left(-4\right)}{\pi} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023227 
(FPCore (f)
  :name "VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)"
  :precision binary64
  (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ (exp (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ PI 4.0) f)))) (- (exp (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ PI 4.0) f)))))))))