
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 10 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))
(* (- 1.0 u) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))))
-1.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) * (1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))) + Float32(-1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) * (single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \left(1 - u\right) \cdot \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(- s)
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Final simplification98.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log s) (+ (log PI) (/ s PI)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (logf(s) - (logf(((float) M_PI)) + (s / ((float) M_PI))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(log(s) - Float32(log(Float32(pi)) + Float32(s / Float32(pi))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (log(s) - (log(single(pi)) + (s / single(pi)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\log s - \left(\log \pi + \frac{s}{\pi}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
associate-/r/24.6%
Simplified24.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 24.6%
Final simplification24.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (/ s PI)) (/ s PI))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (logf((s / ((float) M_PI))) - (s / ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(log(Float32(s / Float32(pi))) - Float32(s / Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (log((s / single(pi))) - (s / single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{s}{\pi}\right) - \frac{s}{\pi}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
associate-/r/24.6%
Simplified24.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 24.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 24.6%
+-commutative24.6%
mul-1-neg24.6%
unsub-neg24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
neg-mul-124.6%
+-commutative24.6%
log-rec24.6%
log-rec24.6%
sub-neg24.6%
log-div24.6%
associate-*r*24.6%
neg-mul-124.6%
unpow224.6%
associate-*l/24.6%
Simplified24.6%
Final simplification24.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log1p (* (/ -0.25 s) (* PI -4.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * log1pf(((-0.25f / s) * (((float) M_PI) * -4.0f)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log1p(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.25) / s) * Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-4.0))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{-0.25}{s} \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -4\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
associate-/r/24.6%
Simplified24.6%
distribute-rgt-neg-out24.6%
neg-sub024.6%
+-commutative24.6%
log1p-udef24.6%
associate-*r/24.6%
div-inv24.6%
clear-num24.6%
Applied egg-rr24.6%
neg-sub024.6%
distribute-lft-neg-in24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
Simplified24.6%
Final simplification24.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -3.0 (* s (* 0.3333333333333333 (log1p (/ PI s))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -3.0f * (s * (0.3333333333333333f * log1pf((((float) M_PI) / s))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-3.0) * Float32(s * Float32(Float32(0.3333333333333333) * log1p(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-3 \cdot \left(s \cdot \left(0.3333333333333333 \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
associate-/r/24.6%
Simplified24.6%
add-cube-cbrt24.6%
log-prod24.6%
pow224.6%
*-commutative24.6%
fma-def24.6%
div-inv24.6%
clear-num24.6%
Applied egg-rr24.6%
log-pow24.6%
distribute-lft1-in24.6%
metadata-eval24.6%
associate-*r/24.6%
associate-*l/24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
Simplified24.6%
expm1-log1p-u24.3%
expm1-udef15.4%
distribute-lft-neg-in15.4%
metadata-eval15.4%
associate-*r/15.4%
Applied egg-rr15.4%
expm1-def24.3%
expm1-log1p24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
associate-*l*24.6%
Simplified24.6%
Final simplification24.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (/ PI s))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((((float) M_PI) / s));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(pi) / s))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(pi) / s)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{\pi}{s}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
associate-/r/24.6%
Simplified24.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 24.6%
mul-1-neg24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
distribute-rgt-neg-in24.6%
+-commutative24.6%
mul-1-neg24.6%
sub-neg24.6%
log-div24.6%
Simplified24.6%
Final simplification24.6%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (/ (- s) PI)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (-s / ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(Float32(-s) / Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (-s / single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \frac{-s}{\pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
associate-/r/24.6%
Simplified24.6%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 24.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 12.7%
Final simplification12.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.5%
mul-1-neg11.5%
Simplified11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 PI)
float code(float u, float s) {
return (float) M_PI;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(pi) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.8%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.8%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.8%
sub-neg98.8%
Simplified98.8%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 24.1%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 24.6%
*-commutative24.6%
associate-/r/24.6%
Simplified24.6%
add-sqr-sqrt-0.0%
sqrt-unprod8.9%
pow28.9%
Applied egg-rr8.9%
*-commutative8.9%
*-commutative8.9%
Simplified8.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 4.7%
Final simplification4.7%
herbie shell --seed 2023222
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))